Возвращенная из небытия: борьба за историческую память о 110-й Калмыцкой кавалерийской дивизии. Часть 1

Introduction. The article analyzes historiography and history of the 110th Kalmyk Cavalry Division, the only ethnic Kalmyk (largely) military unit that was engaged in active combat operations during the Great Patriotic War. However, despite its huge contribution to the heroic struggle against invading troops the unit — worthy of decent memory and respect — got surrounded with defamatory myths that bear no relation to actual events. Since most of the Division’s documents submitted to archives had disappeared, it took several decades to objectively examine its history. Materials and methods. The historical genetic method being a principal one for the present research, the latter also employs historical systemic and comparative methods. The sources analyzed are books and articles, official documents and correspondence from various archival repositories, personal messages and memoirs by veterans of the 110th Kalmyk Cavalry Division and researchers of its history. Results. The article is a consistent review of the unit’s historiography that may be divided into five stages to be designated as follows: 1) period of silence and lies (1943–1957), 2) period of ‘sporadic’ studies (1957–1967), 3) period of active scientific work (1967–1977), 4) period of indifference (1977–2011), and 5) period of new scholarly interest (2011 to the present). The Kalmyk Cavalry Division has long been an object of defamatory insinuations and calumny when it was accused of ‘unreliability’, denounced as a ‘gang’ or even as German collaborators — these had clearly political implications. Meanwhile, the historical research was seriously complicated by the loss of most of its documents although after the disbandment those were duly handed over according to inventory lists along with the banners. This severely obstructed the process of preserving historical memory of the only ethnic Kalmyk unit that fought against the enemy during the Great Patriotic War. Hence, the difficulties that scholars in the field have had to overcome were immense. Part One of the article covers stages one to three. Conclusions. Historiography of the 110th Kalmyk Cavalry Division may be described as a difficult and winding path, with periods of both oblivion and activation experienced.

The Role of Amir Temur's Way of Life as an Example in Educating Young People in the Spirit of Military Patriotism

The life of our great ancestor Sahibkiran Amir Temur, his military tactics, the ability to unite scattered patriotic amirs and beys, to unite in a military group and form a military unit, as an example of educating students in the spirit of military patriotism. wide application and use of a wide range of information will be expedient. Every citizen of independent Uzbekistan grows up to be a loyal, intelligent, strong-willed, deep-thinking and understanding, sharp-witted, a fearless warrior, a patriot and a just defender of the country in schools our great commanders must study deeply the paths they have traversed.

Automatic Identification of Products – A Way of Streamlining the Logistical Support of the Military Unit

The new products provided by the development of information technology (scanners, barcodes, RFIDs, etc.) can currently provide methods and techniques towards achieving important savings in terms of management of logistical support of military units, especially in terms of efficiency in providing material goods to combat forces that are preparing and training through military exercises. I set out to make an “x-ray” of this way of improving the logistical support, especially through the method of identification by labels that use radiofrequency (Radio Frequency Identification/RFID).

The Traditional Romanian Folk Dance in Şieuţ, Bistriţa-Năsăud County, as Part of the Winter Traditions and Customs. Carol Singers and the “Beer”

"The present study focuses on the custom of “Beer”, a remarkable event that shaped the evolution of the communities that were part of the Second Romanian Border Regiment at Năsăud, a military unit of the Austrian army in Transylvania between the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. It focuses specifically on the Şieuţ village and the detailed manner in which this social event was organized by the village’s young men between Christmas and the New Year, when young villagers could attend the “Beer”, an important occasion for social interaction. This research is based on a series of interviews with active community members from then and now and aims to offer an overview of the custom’s meaning and structure. According to tradition, during the Nativity Fast, young men would follow the call of the “bucin” and meet at the house of a host to plan the event. They were assigned the roles of “vătafi” and “colceri” who hired musicians for the event, while the “căprari” were responsible for collecting the traditional pastry received by carol singers. On Christmas Eve, they grouped and went caroling throughout the village. After the Christmas church service, the traditional folk dance (“Beer”) started at the host’s house. The traditional festive garments, the young men going caroling or the traditional men’s folk dance from Şieuţ, included in the UNESCO World Heritage, represent elements of this custom that have survived the passage of time, integrating the traditional into modern life. Keywords: Şieuţ, ”Beer”, Romanian folk dance, tradition, carol "

Mental disorders pattern in staff of a military unit in Iran: the role of metabolic syndrome on latent class membership

Introduction Mental disorders are among the most prevalent health problems of the adult population in the world. This study aimed to identify the subgroups of staff based on mental disorders and assess the independent role of metabolic syndrome (MetS) on the membership of participants in each latent class. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among 694 staff of a military unit in Tehran in 2017. All staff of this military unit was invited to participate in this study. The collected data included demographic characteristics, anthropometric measures, blood pressure, biochemical parameters, and mental disorders. We performed latent class analysis using a procedure for latent class analysis (PROC LCA) in SAS to identify class membership of mental disorders using Symptom Checklist-90. Results Three latent classes were identified as healthy (92.7%), mild (4.9%), and severe (2.4%) mental disorders. Having higher age significantly decreased the odds of belonging to the mild class (adjusted OR (aOR = 0.21; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.05–0.83) compared to the healthy class. Also, obesity decreased the odds of membership in mild class (aOR = 0.10, 95% CI: 0.01–0.92) compared to healthy class. On the other hand, being female increased the odds of being in severe class (aOR = 9.76; 95% CI: 1.35–70.65) class in comparison to healthy class. Conclusion This study revealed that 7.3% of staff fell under mild and severe classes. Considering educational workshops in the workplace about mental disorders could be effective in enhancing staff’s knowledge of these disorders. Also, treatment of comorbid mental disorders may help reduce their prevalence and comorbidity.

ORGANIZATIONAL (CORPORATE) CULTURE AS A FACTOR OF OFFICIAL INTERACTION IN THE MILITARY AND PROFESSIONAL ENVIRONMENT

Introduction. The professional activity of servicemen is a special kind, where the coordination of their actions is important for the performance of the task, the preservation of life. This is the kind of professional activity in which mistakes of mutual understanding, inconsistency of actions are very expensive. Therefore, it is expedient and promising to focus on the peculiarities of the formation and functioning of service interaction in the military-professional environment under the influence of its existing organizational culture. Purpose. The study is driven by a desire to focus on defining organizational (corporate) culture as a factor in the existence of a military unit in general and on service interaction in the interests of the ability to perform military service tasks. Methods. To achieve the goal of the study, the following methodological tools were selected: Parametric sociometry, for which a questionnaire was developed. To assess the socio-psychological characteristics of military unit a relatively new method for research in military psychology and very well known in organizational psychology (management psychologists), namely the method of diagnosing organizational culture K. Cameron and R. Quinn OSAI (Organization Culture Assessment Instrument) was used. A survey was also conducted on the level of readiness for service of each serviceman and the intensity of service. Results. The application of these methods in the empirical study made it possible to obtain information of an empirical nature, which was processed by applying factor analysis by the method of "principal component analysis" in the software SPSS - 20. Conclusion. Service interaction of servicemen in the performance of their combat missions is extremely necessary not only to achieve appropriate results, but also to save lives. It is not common enough in the vast majority of situations. Organizational and psychological features of the formation of service interaction in the performance of military service tasks are strong formal leadership, a sufficient level of complexity, as well as the intensity of service tasks, through which servicemen are more focused on each other and, thus, more focused on better service tasks.

Explaining Indonesia’s Under-balancing: The Case of the Modernisation of the Air Force and the Navy

The current maritime challenges that Indonesia faced had not led to the development of the navy and air force. While theories of neoclassical realism highlighted the importance of domestic factors when determining responses at the strategic level, inefficiencies within the state bureaucracy had often been the bane of prudent policies. Our article attempts to engage with the neorealist concept of under-balancing to look at the reasons why there is stagnation in Indonesia’s naval and air force development. The proponents of under-balancing blamed inefficient bureaucracy as the cause of the issue. Our study on Indonesia’s naval and air force development indicated that inefficient bureaucracy was not the only driver of under-balancing. Looking at the agenda of naval and air force modernisation, this research argues the lack of commitment from the government, limited economic sources and the different modernisation priorities at the military unit level that had greatly contributed to the mismatch between systemic pressure and the response, in this case through naval and air force development, against it.