Immigrant redistribution and life course trigger events: Evidence from US interstate migration

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon F. De Jong ◽  
Deborah Roempke Graefe
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
The United States ◽  
Program Participation ◽  
Concentration Data ◽  
Family Level ◽  
History Approach ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Trigger Events

Our focus in this paper is on the impact of life course trigger events demonstrates that the life course theoretical perspective provides relevant explanations for immigrant interstate relocation decisions in the United States (US). Utilizing longitudinal individual- and family-level migration, human capital, and life course transition data from the 1996-1999 and 2001-2003 panels of the Survey of Income and Program Participation, integrated with state economic conditions and immigrant co-ethnic population concentration data, we apply a discrete-time event history approach to estimate departure relocation decision models for immigrants. The results provide evidence that family life course trigger events exert independent and more robust effects on the redistribution of immigrants than alternative individual and family-level human capital explanations.

Family Influences on Youth Offending

2018 ◽  
pp. 377-403
Author(s):  
Abigail A. Fagan ◽  
Kristen M. Benedini
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Parenting Practices ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Parental Violence ◽  
Youth Delinquency ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Children’S Exposure

This chapter reviews the degree to which empirical evidence demonstrates that families influence youth delinquency. Because they are most likely to be emphasized in life-course theories, this chapter focuses on parenting practices such as parental warmth and involvement, supervision and discipline of children, and child maltreatment. It also summarizes literature examining the role of children's exposure to parental violence, family criminality, and young (teenage) parents in affecting delinquency. Because life-course theories are ideally tested using longitudinal data, which allow examination of, in this case, the impact of parenting practices on children's subsequent behaviors, this chapter focuses on evidence generated from prospective studies conducted in the United States and other countries. It also discusses findings from experimental studies designed to reduce youth substance use and delinquency by improving the family environment.

Assessing the Impact of Remittances on Schooling: the Mexican Experience

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1850033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Borraz
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Census Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Child Human Capital ◽  
The Impact

This paper analyzes the impact of remittances on child human capital in Mexico. During the 90’s and in particular after the “tequila crisis” Mexican workers increased the remittances that were sent to their homes from the United States. I will analyze the effect of such increasing source of income on child human capital decisions. Contrary to Hanson and Woodruff (2003) the results obtained from Census data indicate a positive and small effect of remittances on schooling only for children living in cities with fewer than 2,500 inhabitants and with mothers with a very low level of education. However its magnitude is not substantial.

The Linkage of Life Course, Migration, Health, and Aging

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 1116-1140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verónica Montes de Oca ◽  
Telésforo Ramírez García ◽  
Rogelio Sáenz ◽  
Jennifer Guillén
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Family Formation ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The United States ◽  
Historical Time ◽  
Mexican Migrants ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
Elderly Migrants

Migration is a phenomenon that impacts individuals throughout the life course. Particularly, Mexican elderly migrants show evidence of lifetime accumulations of the effects of migration on health conditions. Objectives: Examine how the relationship between historical time and individual time explains different factors impacting the health of Mexican adult and elderly migrants in Mexico and the United States. Method: Data from in-depth interviews with Mexican migrants living in selected locations in Mexico and the United States were used to illustrate the links between life course conditions, aging, migration, and health outcomes. Results and Discussion: According to this theoretical perspective and the data, historical time, age at migration, and the conditions under which the migration trajectory developed, show different impacts on the health and quality of life of the elderly, as revealed through analysis of labor experience, disease and accidents, medical service, health treatment, transnational networks, and family formation.

scholarly journals Systemic Considerations in Child Development and the Pursuit of Racial Equality in the United States

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvia Perry ◽  
Allison Louise Skinner-Dorkenoo ◽  
James Wages ◽  
Jamie L Abaied
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Child Development ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
The United States ◽  
Racial Equality ◽  
Systemic Racism ◽  
Racial Inequalities ◽  
Family Level ◽  
Psychological Inquiry ◽  
The Impact

In this commentary on Lewis’ (2021) article in Psychological Inquiry, we expand on ways that both systemic and interpersonal contexts contribute to and uphold racial inequalities, with a particular focus on research on child development and socialization. We also discuss the potential roadblocks that may undermine the effectiveness of Lewis’ (2021) recommended strategy of relying on experts as a driving force for change. We conclude by proposing additional strategies for pursuing racial equality that may increase the impact of experts, such as starting anti-racist socialization early in development, family-level interventions, and teaching people about racial injustices and their connections to systemic racism.

scholarly journals Life Course Pathways From Childhood SES to Age-Related Declines in Kidney Function Across Adulthood

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 832-832
Author(s):  
Agus Surachman ◽  
Alexis Santos ◽  
Jonathan Daw ◽  
Lacy Alexander ◽  
Christopher Coe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
The United States ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Age is a strong predictor of declines in kidney function across adulthood. Using data from 2,045 adults (ages 25-84) in the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study, we examined the life course pathways through which low parental education, through adult SES and body mass index (BMI), was associated with faster age-related declines in kidney function. Kidney function declines by 0.8 mL/min/1.73 m2 per year across adulthood. Lower parental education, through adult SES and BMI, was associated with higher kidney function among younger adults (Est = -1.61, SE = 0.62, 95%CI = -2.62, -0.60), but lower kidney function among older adults (Est = 0.93, SE = 0.51, 95%CI = 0.11, 1.79). The impact of early socioeconomic adversity on kidney function is initiated by kidney hyperfiltration in early adulthood and followed by faster declines and development into disease state in later adulthood.

scholarly journals Preferences, Partners, and Parenthood: Linking Early Fertility Desires, Marriage Timing, and Achieved Fertility

Demography ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 1975-2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie Nitsche ◽  
Sarah R. Hayford
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Family Size ◽  
The United States ◽  
Bachelor's Degree ◽  
Marriage Timing ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Fertility Desires ◽  
Desired Family Size ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIn the United States, underachieving fertility desires is more common among women with higher levels of education and those who delay first marriage beyond their mid-20s. However, the relationship between these patterns, and particularly the degree to which marriage postponement explains lower fertility among the highly educated, is not well understood. We use data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 cohort to analyze differences in parenthood and achieved parity for men and women, focusing on the role of marriage timing in achieving fertility goals over the life course. We expand on previous research by distinguishing between entry into parenthood and average parity among parents as pathways to underachieving, by considering variation in the impact of marriage timing by education and by stage of the life course, and by comparing results for men and women. We find that women with a bachelor’s degree who desired three or more children are less likely to become mothers relative to women with the same desired family size who did not attend college. Conditional on becoming mothers, however, women with at least a bachelor’s degree do not have lower completed family size. No comparable fatherhood difference by desired family size is present. Postponing marriage beyond age 30 is associated with lower proportions of parenthood but not with lower parity among parents. Age patterns are similar for women and men, pointing at social rather than biological factors driving the underachievement of fertility goals.

The Impact of Metropolitan Residential Segregation on the Employment Chances of Blacks and Whites in the United States

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niki Dickerson VonLockette
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
Residential Segregation ◽  
Racial Disparity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Longitudinal Survey ◽  
Family Level ◽  
Blacks And Whites ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Employment Inequality

Studies of residential segregation's role in creating employment inequality between blacks and whites have focused on the characteristics of neighborhoods (e.g., mean SES or distance from job centers). in contrast, this study considers the broader structure of metropolitan segregation in which neighborhoods are situated and its impact on the racial disparity in access to employment opportunities. the study employs multilevel analyses and the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth to test the effects of metropolitan segregation in 1980 on respondents’ probability of being employed by 1990 net of individual and family level characteristics, and to assess the role of segregation in explaining the race gap in employment between blacks and whites. the analyses reveal that residential segregation decreases employment odds for blacks, but not for whites, and explains the residual race gap in the probability of being employed. in addition, the depressive effect of segregation on employment is weaker for black women than it is for black men.

Immigration in American Economic History

2018 ◽  
pp. 100-118
Author(s):  
Joseph P. Ferrie
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
The United States ◽  
Us Economy ◽  
The Us ◽  
Initial Settlement ◽  
The Impact

Immigration has been a powerful force is the US economy right from the period of initial settlement in the early seventeenth century. It has been instrumental in building the nation’s infrastructure, transforming its manufacturing sector, and growing its labor force, as it transferred human capital from where it was initially generated (abroad) to where it was productively employed (the United States). This chapter surveys the impact on the economy, on the immigrants themselves, and on the Americans they joined in four eras: (1) settlement (1600s–1700s); (2) the first “Great Wave” (1800–1890); (3) the second “Great Wave” (1890–1920s); and (4) the post-1965 period.

scholarly journals Providing for a Family in the Working Class: Gender and Employment After the Birth of a Child

Social Forces ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janette Dill ◽  
Adrianne Frech
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Transition To Parenthood ◽  
The United States ◽  
Program Participation ◽  
Wage Penalty ◽  
Fatherhood Premium ◽  
The Impact

AbstractNavigating the labor market in today’s economy has become increasingly difficult for those without a college degree. In this study, we ask whether and how working-class men and women in the United States are able to secure gains in wages and/or earnings as they transition to parenthood or increase family size. We look closely at child parity, employment behavior (e.g., switching employers, taking on multiple jobs, increasing hours), and occupation in the year after the birth of a child. Using the 2004 and 2008 panels of the Survey for Income and Program Participation (SIPP), we employ fixed-effects models to examine the impact of changing labor market behavior or occupation on wages and earnings after the birth of a child. We find limited evidence that low- and middle-skill men experience a “fatherhood premium” after the birth of a child, conditional on child parity and occupation. For men, nearly all occupations were associated with a “wage penalty” after the birth of a child (parity varies) compared to the service sector. However, overall higher wages in many male-dominated and white-collar occupations make these better options for fathers. For women, we see clear evidence of a “motherhood penalty,” which is partly accounted for by employment behaviors, such as switching to a salaried job or making an occupational change.

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