scholarly journals IMPLEMENTASI STEGANOGRAFI PADA CITRA DIGITAL DAN KRIPTOGRAFI ALGORITMA HILL CHIPPER UNTUK PENGAMANAN INFORMASI BERUPA TEXT

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-17
Author(s):  
Aldo Aldo ◽  
Lukman Hakim
Keyword(s):  
Least Significant Bit ◽  
Stego Image ◽  
Plain Text ◽  
Hill Cipher

Pertukaran informasi sangatlah mudah dengan mengunakan internet sebagai penghubung dari pihak yang mengirim informasi ke pihak yang menerima informasi tersebut. Semakin mudah juga bagi pihak yang tidak berwenang untuk mendapatkan informasi yang akan dikirimkan dari pihak pengirim ke pihak penerima melalui internet. Maka itu informasi tersebut memerlukan fitur keamanan. Penyandian merupakan sebuah teknik keamanan untuk mengubah sebuah informasi berupa text, citra digital, suara, video menjadi sebuah informasi yang tidak memiliki arti tertentu atau teracak. Jika pihak yang memiliki informasi yang telah di sandikan ini tidak memiliki kunci untuk membuka enkripsi tersebut maka informasi tersebut tidak dapat dibaca dikarenakan tidak memiliki makna tertentu. Penyisipan merupakan sebuah fitur keamanan dimana sebuah informasi akan dimasukan kedalam sebuah media penampung atau informasi tersebut disembunyikan didalam media penampung. Pada penulisan ini akan difokuskan untuk membuat sebuah sistem yang dapat menyandikan , mendekripsi sandi , menyisipkan sebuah informasi ke dalam sebuah media penampung dan mengekstraksi informasi dari media tampung yang dapat berupa citra digital dengan format : jpeg, bitmap, dan png yang berguna untuk meningkatkan tingkat keamanan dari sebuah informasi.Algoritma penyandian merupakan algoritma yang mengubah sebuah informasi (plain text) menjadi sebuah informasi yang telah teracak (ciphertext) mengunakan kunci yang telah ditentukan dari pihak pengirim dan penerima. Algoritma penyandian yang digunakan adalah algoritma Hill Cipher. Yang akan dikombinasikan dengan metode Least Significant Bit sebagai metode pada proses penyisipan informasi. LSB akan mengubah setiap nilai bit terakhir dari setiap piksel pada citra tampung (cover) sesuai dengan nilai biner pesan secara berurutan, sehingga menyebaban hasil akhir dari penyisipan (stego image) tidak akan mengalami perubahan secara signifikan jika dilihat oleh mata manusia.

scholarly journals A Combination of Hill Cipher and LSB for Image Security

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibnu Utomo Wahyu Mulyono ◽  
Ajib Susanto ◽  
Muhamad Rizky Fajar Febrian ◽  
Ghaitsa Ardelia Rosyida
Keyword(s):  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Computation Time ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Least Significant Bit ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Stego Image ◽  
Avalanche Effect ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Hill Cipher ◽  
The Hill

The maximum value obtained to test the encrypt hill cipher uses the avalanche effect with modification of one, two, three, and four key matrices 35.71%, therefore an additional security technique is needed. The Least Significant Bit (LSB) method is used to insert the ciphertext that has been generated from the hill cipher algorithm, has been testing using RGB, CMY, CMYK and YUV shapes with 6142 characters in 128 x 128 character images producing the highest PSNR value of 51.2826 dB in CMYK images. Steganography technique is applied because it has advantages in terms of imperceptibility, for example the results of a stego image are so similar to the original image that it is difficult to be distinguished by the human senses. Tests were carried out with 10 images, five images measuring 512 x 512 and five images measuring 16 x 16. While the messages to be inserted were 240, 480, and 960 characters for images measuring 512 x 512 and 24, 48 and 88 characters for images measuring 16 x16. Test results that I have done are calculated using Mean Square Error (MSE) and Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) with a minimum PSNR of 51.2907 dB which means the resulting image is quite good. Computation time is calculated using tic toc on Matlab by encrypting 2000 and 6000 characters, and also computation time.

scholarly journals Kriptografi Hill Cipher Dan Least Significant Bit Untuk Keamanan Pesan Pada Citra

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Muhammad Husnul Arif ◽  
Ahmad Zainul Fanani
Keyword(s):  
Cover Image ◽  
Least Significant Bit ◽  
Stego Image ◽  
Hill Cipher

<p><em>Pertukaran informasi melalui dunia maya memiliki berbagai manfaat sebagai contoh estimasi waktu yang cepat, jarak fisik dan batas ruang tidak terbatas dan lain sebagainya. Namun dalam kegiatan tersebut juga dapat menimbulkan resiko keamanan dalam informasi yang bersifat rahasia. Untuk itu diperlukan pengaman yang dapat digunakan untuk melindungi data yang ditransmisikan melalui jaringan internet. Algoritma penyandian yang digunakan dengan menyandikan pesan yang akan dikirim (plaintext) tersebut menjadi pesan yang sudah teracak (ciphertext) adalah algoritma kriptografi dan steganografi. Dalam penerapannya teknik kriptografi yang akan digunakan adalah Hill Cipher. Teknik tersebut dikombinasikan dengan steganografi dengan teknik Least Significant Bit. Hasil yang didapat dari penggabungan teknik dapat menjaga kerahasiaan pesan karena orang yang tidak mengetahui kunci rahasia yang digunakan akan kesulitan untuk mendapatkan pesan yang terdapat pada stego-image ditambah lagi gambar yang sudah pernah disisipi tidak dapat digunakan sebagai cover image. Pesan berhasil disisipkan dan diekstraksi kembali pada semua sample citra baik dengan format *bmp , *png , *jpg pada resolusi 512 x 512 piksel, 256 x 256 piksel. Hasil MSE dan PSNR tidak dipengaruhi format file ataupun ukuran file, tapi dipengaruhi oleh dimensi citra. Semakin besar dimensi citra, maka MSE semakin kecil artinya kerusakan citra semakin kecil.</em></p>

STEGANOGRAFI DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE LSB DAN ALGORITMA HILL CIPHER

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherly Gina Supratman
Keyword(s):  
Digital Images ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Digital Imagery ◽  
Least Significant Bit ◽  
Hill Cipher ◽  
Secure Data ◽  
Audio Video ◽  
The Hill

AbstrakJaringan Komunikasi seperti Internet� merupakan jaringan yang tidak aman untuk mentransmisi data, seperti teks, audio,video dan citra digital. Salah satu cara untuk pengamanan data dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan proses kriptografi dan �steganografi. Penggunaan ini dengan tujuan untuk merahasiakan pesan yang dikirim dan sekaligus menghindarkan pesan tersebut dari kecurigaan pihak lain yang tidak berkepentingan.Pesan yang digunakan dalam makalah ini adalah berupa text dengan menyisipkannya pada gambar. Pada proses kriptografi, pesan yang berupa text akan dienkrip dengan algoritma Hill Chiper, dan kemudian pesan yang telah dienkrip akan dilakukan proses steganografi pada citra digital� 8 bit dengan skala 0 � 255, dengan metode Least Significant Bit ( LSB ).�Kata kunci: Kriptografi, Hill Chiper, Steganografi, Least Significant Bit�AbstractCommunication Networks such as the Internet are unsafe networks for transmitting data, such as text, audio, video and digital imagery. One way to secure data can be done by using cryptography and steganography process. This use is for the purpose of concealing messages being transmitted and avoiding such messages from the suspicion by others who are not interested.The message used in this paper is text by inserting it in the image. In the cryptographic process, text messages will be encrypted with the Hill Chiper algorithm, and then the encrypted message will be steganographed on 8-bit digital images on a scale of 0-255, using the Least Significant Bit (LSB) method.�Keywords: Cryptography, Hill Chiper, Steganography, Least Significant Bit

scholarly journals System to Safeguard the Identity of Persons in Photographs through Cryptography and Steganography Techniques Using Chaos

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Octavio Flores Siordia ◽  
Juan Carlos Estrada Gutiérrez ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Padilla Leyferman ◽  
Jorge Aguilar Santiago ◽  
Maricela Jiménez Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Encryption Algorithm ◽  
Coding System ◽  
Secret Key ◽  
Least Significant Bit ◽  
Large Space ◽  
Plain Text ◽  
Chaotic Orbits ◽  
Diffusion Technique ◽  
Plain Image

Safeguarding the identity of people in photographs or videos published through social networks or television is of great importance to those who do not wish to be recognized. In this paper, a face detecting and coding system is designed with the goal of solving this problem. Mathematical models to generate chaotic orbits are deployed. One of them applies the diffusion technique to scramble the pixels of each face while another implements the confusion technique to alter the relation between plain text and ciphered text. Afterward, another two orbits are utilized for the steganography technique to modify the least significant bit (LSB) to conceal data that would allow authorized users to decipher the faces. To verify the robustness of the proposed encryption algorithm, different tests are performed with the Lena standard image, such as correlation diagrams, histograms, and entropy. In addition, occlusion, noise, and plain image attacks are performed. The results are compared with those of other works, and the proposed system provided high sensitivity at secret key and a large space for the encryption keys, good speed for ciphering, disorder in the cryptogram, security, data integrity, and robustness against different attacks.

scholarly journals Analysis of Least Significant Bit Method Using Sequential Encoding-Decoding in Steganography Digital Image

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 201-205
Author(s):  
Nurmi Hidayasari ◽  
Febi Yanto
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Maximum Size ◽  
Least Significant Bit ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Stego Image ◽  
Check Size ◽  
Image Histogram ◽  
Hide Data ◽  
Histogram Testing

The method of steganography commonly used to hide data or information is Least Significant Bit (LSB) method. One of the relevant research is LSB using sequential Encoding - Decoding by David Pipkorn and Preston Weisbrot. In this research, an analysis of the LSB method using Sequential Encoding - Decoding by doing some testing. The tests are on the aspect of message security using tools StegSpy and enhanced LSB algorithm, testing on image quality by calculating the Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) value and see the image histogram, testing on robustness of message by doing some image processing operations on stego image, like cropping, rotating, and etc, and then testing on capacity to check size of cover image and stego image and calculates the maximum size of data that can be hidden. From the testing process, we know that there are deficiencies in the aspects of security, robustness and capacity of a message. And then in this research we try to change the location of messages that are hidden in the image bits, which previous research used the 8th bit of each bytes, changed to the 7th bit. To be able to correct deficiencies in the security aspect. After repairing and testing like before, obtained better results in the security aspect. This can be seen from the image of the enhanced LSB algorithm process, the message is not detected, but unfortunately the image quality is reduced, with the low PSNR value generated.

scholarly journals Pengamanan Data Kombinasi Metode Cipher Block Chaining dan Modifikasi LSB

Techno Com ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-102
Author(s):  
Wildan Mahmud ◽  
Ery Mintorini
Keyword(s):  
Least Significant Bit ◽  
Stego Image ◽  
Block Chaining

Perkembangan Internet dan aplikasi berbasis jaringan telah menjangkau ke berbagai macam aplikasi yang memungkinkan seseorang untuk saling berkirim pesan dan informasi tanpa dibatasi jarak dan waktu. Seiring dengan perkembangan itu pula, kerentanan akan aspek keamanan sebuah system juga semakin meningkat. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti mencoba menerapkan kombinasi antara metode kriptografi dan steganografi yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan upaya pengamanan sebuah pesan. Kriptografi Cipher Block Chaining (CBC) merupakan kriptografi yang sudah umum digunakan contohnya pada protocol internet TLS dan IPsec. Proses enkripsi dan dekripsi CBC memerlukan waktu yang relatif singkat karena mode CBC memiliki kecepatan dan efisiensi lebih tinggi dan dinilai lebih mudah diimplementasikan. Metode berikutnya yang digunakan adalah Steganografi Least Significant Bit (LSB) yang bekerja secara sederhana namun sangat efektif dalam menyisipkan pesan tersembunyi. Namun, beberapa penelitian menemukan kelemahan LSB yang dapat menemukan keberadaan pesan tersembunyi menggunakan algoritma steganalytic pada tingkat embedding yang rendah. Untuk itu, LSB harus dikembangkan lagi dengan menerapkan deteksi tepi sobel yang dapat bekerja untuk mendeteksi keypoint penyembunyian pesan sehingga LSB tidak lagi bekerja secara standar. Kombinasi metode CBC dan LSB-Sobel telah terbukti dan berhasil merahasiakan pesan dengan baik dan menghasilkan stego-image yang berkualitas tinggi setelah dilakukan pengujian PSNR dan MSE. Kata kunci: Kriptografi, steganografi, CBC, LSB, Deteksi Tepi Sobel

scholarly journals A Safe and Secured Medical Textual Information Using an Improved LSB Image Steganography

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Roseline Oluwaseun Ogundokun ◽  
Oluwakemi Christiana Abikoye
Keyword(s):  
Medical Information ◽  
Medical Data ◽  
Image Steganography ◽  
Medical Information System ◽  
Least Significant Bit ◽  
Stego Image ◽  
Performance Metric ◽  
Challenging Tasks ◽  
Multimedia Technologies ◽  
Lsb Technique

Safe conveyance of medical data across unsecured networks nowadays is an essential issue in telemedicine. With the exponential growth of multimedia technologies and connected networks, modern healthcare is a huge step ahead. Authentication of a diagnostic image obtained from a specialist at a remote location which is from the sender is one of the most challenging tasks in an automated healthcare setup. Intruders were found to be able to efficiently exploit securely transmitted messages from previous literature since the algorithms were not efficient enough leading to distortion of information. Therefore, this study proposed a modified least significant bit (LSB) technique capable of protecting and hiding medical data to solve the crucial authentication issue. The application was executed and established by utilizing MATLAB 2018a, and it used a logical bit shift operation for execution. The investigational outcomes established that the proposed technique can entrench medical information without leaving a perceptible falsification in the stego image. The result of this implementation shows that the modified LSB image steganography outperformed the standard LSB technique with a higher PSNR value and lower MSE value when compared with previous research works. The number of shifts was added as a new performance metric for the proposed system. The study concluded that the proposed secured medical information system was evidenced to be proficient in secreting medical information and creating undetectable stego images with slight entrenching falsifications when likened to other prevailing approaches.

scholarly journals Hungarian-Puzzled Text with Dynamic Quadratic Embedding Steganography

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 799
Author(s):  
Ebrahim Alrashed ◽  
Suood Suood Alroomi
Keyword(s):  
Exponential Growth ◽  
Assignment Problem ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
Least Significant Bit ◽  
Digital Medium ◽  
Stego Image ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Hungarian Algorithm ◽  
Embedding Technique

Least-Significant-Bit (LSB) is one of the popular and frequently used steganography techniques to hide a secret message in a digital medium. Its popularity is due to its simplicity in implementation and ease of use. However, such simplicity comes with vulnerabilities. An embedded secret message using the traditional LSB insertion is easily decodable when the stego image is suspected to be hiding a secret message.  In this paper, we propose a novel secure and high quality LSB embedding technique. The security of the embedded payload is employed through introducing a novel quadratic embedding sequence. The embedding technique is also text dependent and has non-bounded inputs, making the possibilities of decoding infinite. Due to the exponential growth of and quadratic embedding, a novel cyclic technique is also introduced for the sequence that goes beyond the limits of the cover medium. The proposed method also aims to reduce the noise arising from embedding the secret message by reducing bits changed. This is done by partitioning the cover medium and the secret message into N partitions and artificially creating an assignment problem based on bit change criteria. The assignment problem will be solved using the Hungarian algorithm that will puzzle the secret message partition for an overall least bit change.

Statistical Feature–Based Steganalysis for Pixel-Value Differencing Steganography

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Bin Lin ◽  
Tai-Hung Lai ◽  
Ko-Chin Chang
Keyword(s):  
Least Significant Bit ◽  
Stego Image ◽  
Image Steganalysis ◽  
Detection Analysis ◽  
Suitable Parameter ◽  
Feature Based ◽  
Pixel Value ◽  
Pixel Value Differencing ◽  
Difference Histogram ◽  
Advance Knowledge

Abstract The security and embedding capacity of pixel-value differencing (PVD) steganography is superior to that of least significant bit replacement steganography. Several studies have proposed extended PVD steganography methods that use the original concept of PVD steganography. The majority of the studies have verified their security against regular-singular detection analysis or pixel difference histogram attacks. Weighted stego image steganalysis is the state-of-the-art technology for PVD steganography. This study proposed a suitable parameter for the estimator based on different relative embedding ratios and the size of normal embedding blocks. The experimental results revealed that the proposed technology does not require advance knowledge of the original image. In addition, the proposed method is accurate and precise at any embedding ratio. In the future, this method may be utilized to analyze the security of extended PVD steganography.

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