scholarly journals Endogenous hormonal content during grain development in hexaploid and tetraploid wheat

1970 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 493-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sridhar Gutam ◽  
Virendra Nath ◽  
GC Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Grain Growth ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Tetraploid Wheat ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
Hormonal Content

A pot experiment was conducted in the rabi (post rainy) seasons of 2001 and 2002 to study the genotypic differences in grain growth rate and endogenous hormonal content in the developing grains of hexaploid and tetraploid wheat. The endogenous hormonal contents of grains in both the ploidy levels had changed in sequence. At 5 days after anthesis (DAA), gibberellic acid (GA3); at 15 DAA (rapid growth phase), indole-acetic acid (IAA); at 25 DAA (dough stage), abscisic acid (ABA) were maximum. At 35 DAA, all the endogenous hormonal level decreased and among the hormones, ABA was highest followed by IAA and GA3. Hexaploids recorded higher concentrations of endogenous hormones (13.38% IAA, 17.89% GA3, and 14.7% ABA) on fresh weight basis and resulted in higher seed weight (56.99 mg/grain) and grain growth rate (0.009 g/g/day) compared to tetraploids (49.08 mg/grain; 0.008 g/g/day) on dry weight basis by better mobilization of photosynthates during grain filling. Key Words: Grain growth rate, hormones, indole-acetic acid, gibberellic acid, abscisic acid. doi:10.3329/bjar.v33i3.1608 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 33(3) : 493-502, September 2008

scholarly journals Promotion of in Vitro Leaf Growth of Inner Scales Excised from Dormant Onion Bulbs

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-229
Author(s):  
Kil Sun Yoo ◽  
Leonard M. Pike ◽  
B. Greg Cobb
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Short Day ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

Inner scales excised from dormant bulbs of the short-day `Texas Grano 1015Y' onion (Allium cepa L.) were cultured in vitro and leaf growth was examined. Light promoted leaf growth, but no differences in leaf growth were observed for media pH between 4 and 7. Leaf growth rate in darkness was highest at 24C, reduced at 15C, and greatly reduced at SC. Kinetin promoted leaf growth at 1, 10, and 100 μm. IAA was effective at 1 and 10 μM, but not at 0.1 and 100 μm. GA3 promoted growth at 0.1 μM. No inhibitory effects of ABA on leaf growth could be detected. Chemical names used: 1-H-indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellic acid (GA3), 6-furfurylaminopurine (Kinetin).

Changes in phytohormone content and associated gene expression throughout the stages of pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai) dormancy

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akiko Ito ◽  
Pham Anh Tuan ◽  
Takanori Saito ◽  
Songling Bai ◽  
Masayuki Kita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Pyrus Pyrifolia ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Pyrus Pyrifolia Nakai ◽  
Dormancy Induction ◽  
Induction Stage

Abstract To elucidate the role of phytohormones during bud dormancy progression in the Japanese pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai), we investigated changes in phytohormone levels of indole acetic acid (IAA), gibberellic acid (GA), abscisic acid (ABA) and trans-zeatin (tZ). Using ultra-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry, we monitored phytohormone levels in the buds of field-grown and potted trees that were artificially heated to modify the timing of dormancy and flowering (spring flush) progression. We also analyzed the expression of GA- and ABA-metabolic genes during dormancy. Indole acetic acid and tZ levels were low during dormancy and increased toward the flowering stage. Gibberellic acid levels were maintained at relatively high concentrations during the dormancy induction stage, then decreased before slightly increasing prior to flowering. The low GA concentration in potted trees compared with field-grown trees indicated that GA functions in regulating tree vigor. Abscisic acid levels increased from the dormancy induction stage, peaked near endodormancy release and steadily decreased before increasing again before the flowering stage. The ABA peak levels did not always coincide with endodormancy release, but peak height correlated with flowering uniformity, suggesting that a decline in ABA concentration was not necessary for resumption of growth but the abundance of ABA might be associated with dormancy depth. From monitoring the expression of genes related to GA and ABA metabolism, we inferred that phytohormone metabolism changed significantly during dormancy, even though the levels of bioactive molecules were consistently low. Phytohormones regulate dormancy progression not only upon the reception of internal signals but also upon sensing ambient conditions.

scholarly journals Growth Regulators Do Not Increase Onion Bulb Size or Weight Under Greenhouse Conditions

HortScience ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-600
Author(s):  
Vincent M. Russo
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Acid Hydrazide ◽  
Individual Growth ◽  
Leaf Stage

Exogenously applied plant growth regulators may affect development of onion, but little is know about how concentration or timing of application can affect bulb grade and quality. Two concentrations of the growth regulators abscisic acid, gibberellic acid, indole-acetic acid, jasmonic acid, kinetin, and maleic acid hydrazide, and water controls, were applied at the 7- and 20-leaf stages to the middle of the leaf whorl in greenhouse grown onion plants. Leaf and bulb weights were lighter, and bulb diameters were smaller, from plants treated with growth regulators applied at the 7-leaf stage than those from plants treated at the 20-leaf stage. Bulbs produced on plants treated with water were the same size, or larger, than those produced on plants treated with individual growth regulators.

Relation of gibberellic acid-induced growth of wheat coleoptiles with indole acetic acid

1984 ◽  
Vol 179 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 123-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.K. Chattopadhyay ◽  
R.N. Bhattacharyya ◽  
P.S. Basu
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid

scholarly journals Pathogenicity and Detection of Phytohormone (Gibberellic Acid and Indole Acetic Acid) Produced by Fusarium spp. that Causes Twisted Disease in Shallot

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Ayu Lestiyani ◽  
Arif Wibowo ◽  
Siti Subandiyah
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Bulb Rot ◽  
Layer Chromatography

The twisted disease is one of the essential diseases in shallots caused by Fusarium spp. This study aimed to study pathogenicity and identify Fusarium species isolated from shallot plants with twisted symptoms in Nganjuk and Bantul areas. The Fusarium isolates were identified and then tested for pathogenicity levels and the effect of the hormones GA3 and IAA on shallot symptoms. Molecular identification using NF2 and NF4 successfully identified one isolate of Fusarium oxysporum, three isolates of F. acutatum, and three isolates of F. solani. Each of these species produces different symptoms. Pathogenicity test showed that all isolates had disease incidence reaching 100%, except isolates of F. solani1 causing wilt and F. solani3 causing twisted have the lower disease incidence were 77.8% and 77.7%, respectively. The investigation caused twisted shallot related to different symptoms was tested using the Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) method. The result indicates that all isolates did not find IAA hormone. In contrast, the hormone GA3 was found in F. solani2 and F. solani3 isolates, caused bulb rot and twisted disease, respectively. Detection of IAA, GA3, and other hormones in shallot plants showed different symptoms should be studied further.

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