Impact Assessment of Different Polymers on Physicochemical Properties of Ibuprofen Loaded Solid Dispersions

In the present study, solid dispersions of ibuprofen were prepared to improve aqueous solubility of ibuprofen. A series of formulations were prepared where PEG 6000 with polymers named PVP K30, cross PVP, poloxamer 237, HPMC ASLF, pregelatinized starch, Na-CMC, Eudragit L100, and kollidon IR were used in different ratios. Among 41 formulations, solid dispersions of ibuprofen in PEG 6000 with each of PVP K30, poloxamer 237, and Na-CMC at ratio of 2:9:7 revealed improved solubility of 952.73 ± 1.31, 878.18 ± 0.97, and 1263.64 ± 1.58 μg/ml, respectively. The physicochemical properties of these preparations were ascertained by FTIR, SEM, DSC, and particle size analyses. FTIR spectrum showed absence of chemical interactions and physical compatibilities between ibuprofen and polymers were confirmed by DSC. Disappearance of individual surface properties in solid dispersions were revealed by SEM studies, which indicated the formation of effective preparations. On the other hand, particle size analysis showed reduction in particle size of ibuprofen from solid dispersions that demonstrated solubility enhancement of ibuprofen. The above studies suggested that solid dispersions of ibuprofen in PEG 6000 at ratios of 2:9:7 with each of PVP K30, poloxamer 237, and Na-CMC were found to be effective to improve aqueous solubility. Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 17(2): 183-190, 2018 (December)

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A DESIGN OF EXPERIMENT APPROACH FOR OPTIMIZATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ETODOLAC TERNARY SYSTEM USING SPRAY DRYING

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i2.16087 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 233

Author(s):

Amir A. Shaikh ◽

Praveen D. Chaudhari ◽

Sagar S. Holkar

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Ternary System ◽

Spray Drying ◽

Design Of Experiment ◽

Particle Size Analysis ◽

Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone ◽

Size Analysis ◽

Drying Method ◽

Physical Mixtures ◽

Pvp K30

Objective: The objective of the present investigation was to prepare and characterize Etodolac (ETO), Polyvinyl pyrrolidone K30 (PVP K30) and Hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin (HPB) ternary system in order to study the effect of complexation on solubility of ETO.Methods: Physical mixtures of a drug and polymers in different weight ratios (1:1, 1:2, 1:4) were prepared to study the effect of individual polymers on solubility of ETO. Spray drying method was used to investigate the combined effect of PVP K30 and HPB on saturation solubility (SS), Dissolution efficiency (DE) and mean dissolution time (MDT) of ETO. Design of experiment (DoE) was used for preparation and optimization of ternary system. Drug polymer interactions were analyzed with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Xray diffraction (XRD) and particle size analysis.Results: Results of solubility study suggested that there was significant increase in solubility of ETO with increase in the concentration of PVP K30, Polyvinyl pyrrolidone K 90 (PVP K90) and HPB (*p<0.05). This might be due to the solubilizing effect of PVP K30, PVPK90 and complex formation of ETO with HPB. Various combinations of PVP K30 and HPB prepared using DoE approach by spray drying method showed greater solubility of ETO than its physical mixtures (*p<0.05). Results of FTIR, DSC, SEM, XRD and particle size analysis revealed the interaction between ETO, PVP K30 and HPB. This suggested formation of amorphous ternary system with mean particle diameter in the range of 763±1.35 nm.Conclusion: Combine use of PVP K30 and HPB with DoE approach was an effective tool for formulating ternary system of ETO.

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Characterization of Nanosilver Biosynthesis by Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck and Peel-off Mask Formulation with Variation Polyethylene Glycol 400-Glycerin Concentration

Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology ◽

10.24198/ijpst.v1i1.29875 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 47

Author(s):

Dian Eka Ermawati ◽

Agung P. Surya ◽

Adi Yugatama

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Polyethylene Glycol ◽

Physicochemical Properties ◽

Citrus Sinensis ◽

Ph Value ◽

Particle Size Analysis ◽

Size Analysis ◽

Polyethylene Glycol 400 ◽

Peg 400

Sweet orange contains flavonoids and citric acid that have the potential as a capping agent in the nanosilver biosynthesis process. The antibacterial activity of silver can be increased in nanoparticles, then it can be applied to treat acne through a peel-off mask preparation. Glycerin and Polyethylene glycol 400 are humectants that combined to obtain good physicochemical properties of the preparation. This study aims to determine the character of nanosilver biosynthesis and the effect of humectant combination on the physicochemical properties of the preparation. The characterization of nanosilver was employed by UV-VIS Spectrophotometry, Particle Size Analysis, and Scanning Electron Microscope. The Glycerin- PEG 400 combination was F1 (0:100%); F2 (25:75%); F3 (50:50%); F4 (75:25%) and F5 (100:0%). The results of nanosilver biosynthesis have an absorption peak of nanoparticles at 421-423nm, rod shape, the particle size of 83.2±7.2nm. Statistical analysis showed that the combination of Glycerin- PEG 400 had a significant effect on organoleptic, viscosity, and dry time, but did not affect the pH of preparation. The combination of Glycerin-PEG 400 (75%:25%) is the best formula because it has stable viscosity, dry time, and pH value during storage for four weeks.Keywords: nanosilver, biosynthesis, Citrus sinensis, humectants, peel off mask

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PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SOLID DISPERSION FAMOTIDINE – MANNITOL BY CO-GRINDING METHOD

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i3.16112 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 249 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lili Fitriani ◽

Sherly Ramadhani ◽

Erizal Zaini

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Solid Dispersion ◽

Chemical Interaction ◽

Solid Dispersions ◽

Particle Size Analysis ◽

Physical Mixture ◽

Size Analysis ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

X Ray ◽

Grinding Method

ABSTRACTObjective: This study aims to prepare and characterize solid dispersion of famotidine using mannitol to enhance the solubility and dissolution rate.Methods: Solid dispersions were prepared by co-grinding method in 9 formulas. The ratio of famotidine and mannitol was varied (1:1, 1:2, 2:1 w/w),and each ratio was milled at three different times (30, 60, and 90 minutes). The physical mixture was also prepared as comparison at ratio 1:1 w/w.Solid dispersions were characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), particle size analysis, solubility, and dissolution rate study. The assay of famotidine was doneusing a UV spectrophotometer.Results: The highest solubility of famotidine in solid dispersion was obtained in F2 (ratio 1:2 and grinding time 30 minutes). The solubility of intactfamotidine, physical mixture, and solid dispersion F2 was 1.630±0.027, 2.757±0.096, and 3.272±0.076 mg/ml, respectively. X-ray diffractogram ofsolid dispersion F2 showed a decrease in the peak intensity of famotidine. Thermogram of DSC showed a decrease of famotidine melting point for bothphysical mixture and solid dispersion. Photomicrograph of SEM indicated the changes in morphology solid dispersion compared to intact substances.FTIR analysis showed no chemical interaction between famotidine and mannitol. The particle size analysis showed a reduction in the particle sizeof the solid dispersion. The dissolution result after 60 minutes was 85.029%, 86.166%, 92.057% for intact famotidine, physical mixture, and soliddispersion F2, respectively.Conclusion: Solid dispersion increased solubility and dissolution rate.Keywords: Solid dispersion, Famotidine, Mannitol, Co-grinding, Solubility.

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A Design of Experiment Approach for Optimization and Characterization of Clarithromycin Ternary System Using Spray Drying

Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics ◽

10.22270/jddt.v10i3-s.4185 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (3-s) ◽

pp. 211-220

Author(s):

Nikhil Arun Shete ◽

Vishwajeet M. Swami ◽

Avinash Chaudhari ◽

Prachi N. Khabiya

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Ternary System ◽

Spray Drying ◽

Design Of Experiment ◽

Particle Size Analysis ◽

Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone ◽

Size Analysis ◽

Drying Method ◽

Physical Mixtures ◽

Pvp K30

The aim of present work was to characterize Clarithromycin (CLT), Polyvinyl pyrrolidone K30 (PVP K30) and Hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin (HPB) ternary system so as to check the effect of complexation on solubility of CLT. Physical mixtures of a drug and polymers in several weight ratios (1:1, 1:2) were prepared to check the effect of individual polymers on solubility of CLT. Spray drying method was accustomed investigate the combined effect of PVP K30 and HPB on Drug release (DR), Dissolution efficiency (DE) and mean dissolution time (MDT) of CLT. For the preparation and optimization of ternary system the Design of experiment (DoE) was used . Drug polymer interactions were analyzed with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and particle size analysis. Results of solubility study suggested that there was significant increase in solubility of CLT with increase within the concentration of PVP K30 and HPB (*p<0.05). This may be thanks to the solubilizing effect of PVP K30 and sophisticated formation of CLT with HPB. Various combinations of PVP K30 and HPB prepared using DoE approach by spray drying method showed greater solubility of CLT than its physical mixtures (*p<0.05). Results of FTIR, DSC, XRD and particle size analysis revealed the interaction between CLT, PVP K30 and HPB. This suggested formation of amorphous ternary system with mean particle diameter within the range of 312±1.35 nm. Combine use of PVP K30 and HPB with DoE approach was an efficient tool for formulating ternary system of CLT. Keywords: Clarithromycin, Spray drying, polyvinyl pyrrolidone K30, Hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin, Design of experiments, Ternary system.

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Relationship between pore size distributions and physical properties of clay soils

Soil Research ◽

10.1071/sr9740107 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 107 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

ID Sills ◽

LAG Aylmore ◽

JP Quirk

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Pore Size ◽

Pore Volume ◽

Total Pore Volume ◽

Particle Size Analysis ◽

The Other ◽

Clay Soils ◽

Size Analysis ◽

Size Distributions ◽

Pore Size Distributions

Pore size distributions using mercury injection and nitrogen sorption techniques were determined on a number of soils classified as clays on the basis of particle size analysis. Some of these soils exhibit markedly different consistencies during texturing and undergo changes in texture during prolonged manipulation, e.g. subplastic, superplastic and self-mulching soils. The pore size distributions for these soils do not differ significantly from those obtained for the normal labile clay soil in the pore size range 2 nm to 50 �m. The clay soils examined, with the exception of the krasnozem, have the majority of their pore volume within pores smaller than 10 nm with the predominant pore size centred around 3 nm plate separation. In the case of the krasnozem, the particle size analysis does not correspond to the texture assessment as a clay loam. Surface and subsoil samples of the krasnozem have high porosities and predominant plate separations of 6 nm. They consequently possess significantly different pore size distributions from the other clays. In the case of the surface sample, only a small proportion of its total pore volume is in pores smaller than 10 nm. These differences in pore structure observed between the krasnozem and the other soils examined may result from differences in mineralogy, and in particular from the high sesquioxide content of the krasnozem.

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