scholarly journals Impact of crop diversification on livelihood improvement and sustainable land management in Chattogram Hill Tracts of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
MM Rahman ◽  
W Parvin ◽  
N Sultana ◽  
SAM Tareq
Keyword(s):  
Cropping System ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Crop Diversification ◽  
Sustainable Land Management ◽  
Good Opportunity ◽  
Land Sliding ◽  
Hill Farming ◽  
The Hill ◽  
Agro Forestry

The study was conducted at Sorai union of Lama Upazilla under Bandarban district of Chattogram Hill Tracts. It was found that total 19 plant species including bamboos, timbers and fruit crops have been widely cultivated in the area. Among the species five bamboo (Mitinga, Baijja Muli, Borak and Kali), six timbers (Acacia, Eucalyptus, Garjon, Teak, Gamar and Rubber) and eight fruits (Mango, Olive, Papaya, Guava, Coconut, Hog pulm, Orange and Betel nut) were recorded. Bamboo based agro-forestry modules were developed and practiced which produced a very good cropping diversification to sustain the crop productivity, protection of land sliding, soil erosion, water shade and soil fertility in the hill areas. It has been observed that farmers’ have a very good positive attitude and perception in diversified cropping system to get better yields than mono cropping agricultural practice at their home- stead and farm- lands. It has a very good opportunity to make the crop diversification for sustainable production of hill farming and resource management. J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2020, 6(1): 1-8

scholarly journals Sustainable Issues and Crop Diversification of the Rice-Wheat Cropping System for Higher Productivity and Resource Use Efficiency: A Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-21
Author(s):  
Kuldeep Singh ◽  
Sachin Dhanda ◽  
Kartik Sharma ◽  
Dheeraj Panghaal
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Crop Diversification ◽  
Resource Use Efficiency ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Nutrient Productivity ◽  
Economics Analysis ◽  
National Food Security

The rice-wheat cropping system (RWCS) played a significant role in national food security. This system is having a huge potential to feed the increasing population of India. But with continuous adoption of the rice-wheat system, different issues and challenges have emerged and resulted in the decline or stagnated the productivity of this system. In these conditions’ diversification of the RWCS can be a viable option for higher productivity, profitability and efficient and sustainable use of available natural resources. This review mainly highlighted the major issues associated with the rice-wheat cropping system in India along with the alternate cropping system for crop diversification by substitution various crops viz. legume, maize, oilseed, fodder, vegetables and cash crop to tackle them. The comparison of various cropping system in term their crop productivity, economics analysis, water and nutrient productivity, and maintaining soil health.

scholarly journals Ginger Integration in Maize Based Cropping System for Increased Income in the Hills of Nepal

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Y. R. Pandey ◽  
T. B. Karki ◽  
G. P. Paudel
Keyword(s):  
Unit Area ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Integration System ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Land Use Efficiency ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
The Hill

A field experiment was conducted at Deurali, Palpa (1200 m asl) during 2004 rainy season to identify the appropriate plant population of maize for increased productivity of maize ginger, net economic return and land use efficiency due to integration of the above crops based cropping system in the hills. Maize was planted as double planting (double plants in a hill with 100x100 cm spacing), single planting (single plant in a hill with 100 x 50 cm spacing), normal planting (75 x 25 cm spacing) and ginger was cropped in between the maize rows at 30 x 30 cm spacing sole maize and sole ginger. The results of the experiment showed that the highest maize and ginger yield were obtained from sole planting system with an average of 6.15 and 41.13t/ha maize ginger and fresh ginger rhizomes respectively. the lowest net return of Rs 16,934/ha was obtained from sole maize planting. Among the intercropping systems. Maize double planting and ginger integration system produced significantly high net income of Rs. 535,426/ha with acceptable land equivalent ration (LER) (1.40). However, the highest net return of Rs 604,034/ ha was obtained from ginger as sole planting. Since maize is the staple food crop in the hill and it could not be ignored in the cropping system, maize double planting with ginger integration was found beneficial with significant high net profit compared to sole maize while ginger gave 12.81% more net profit compared to intercropping. the result of the experiment revealed that double planting of maize with ginger integration system would be profitable instead of sole maize but cultivation of ginger as sole crop has been found much profitable than intercropping in the mid-hills. In the hilly regions farmers generally grow maize and ginger separately. The concept of intercropping maize + ginger in a field enhances crop productivity per unit area. This information which is documented in the maize + ginger in a field enhances crop productivity per unit area. This information which is documented in the different social studies in western hills. <i>Nepal Journal of Science and Technology</i> Vol. 7, 2006

scholarly journals On-farm Evaluation of Rice-groundnut Sequence vis-a-vis Rice-rice Cropping System under Limited Irrigated Situations of Telangana, India

2020 ◽  
pp. 148-155
Author(s):  
Md. Latheef Pasha ◽  
S. Sridevi ◽  
M. Goverdhan ◽  
G. Kiran Reddy ◽  
Md. Alibaba
Keyword(s):  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Crop Diversification ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
The Mean ◽  
On Farm

Crop diversification with resource efficient and remunerative cropping systems is a sustainable agricultural practice. On farm evaluation with an improved cropping system of rice-groundnut vis-a-vis farmers’ practice of rice-rice was conducted in ten farmer’s fields of Medak district of Telangana state. Crop diversification with Rice-groundnut realized 7.3% (881 kg ha-1) higher mean rice grain equivalent yield (12969 kg ha-1) over farmer’s practice of cultivation of rice-rice (12,088 kg ha-1). Mean technology and extension gaps were 2,231 kg ha-1 and 881 kg ha-1 respectively.  Technology index ranged from 8.8 to 23.7% with an average value of 14.7%. The mean gross and net returns of improved cropping system were Rs 1,92,930 and 1,09,658 ha-1, while that of farmers practice was Rs 1,81,320 and 83,955 ha-1 respectively.  On an average a B C ratio of 2.3 was earned in improved cropping system as against the 1.9 under farmers practice. The mean additional returns in improved cropping system were Rs 13,210 ha-1 with a mean effective gain of Rs 27,303 ha-1. Improved cropping system registered a mean total productivity per day of 35.5 kg ha-1 day-1 with a mean profitability of Rs 300 day-1. Average Production Use Efficiency of improved cropping system was 56.4 kg ha-1 day-1, while that of farmer’s practice was 49.3 kg ha-1 day-1.  The edge in productive economic parameters in terms of Mean Relative Productive Use Efficiency and Relative Economic Efficiency were 7.3 and 30.6 respectively and were indicating the profitability of improved cropping system.

GRAZING STUDIES FOR GRASSLAND SHEEP SYSTEMS AT THE HILL FARMING RESEARCH ORGANISATION, U.K.

1984 ◽  
pp. 184-189
Author(s):  
J. Hodgson ◽  
T.J. Maxwell
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Management Objectives ◽  
Research Organisation ◽  
Hill Farming ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Hill

Studies in the UK on continuously stocked swards dominated by perennial ryegrass show that both net herbage production and lamb output per hectare are maximised when herbage mass is maintained at 1200-I 500 kg OM/ha (3-5 cm surface height) during the main season of growth. The use of this information to define sward management objectives is outlined, and the incorporation of these objectives into the spring and summer phases of a grassland sheep enterprise is illustrated

Pathways ahead for New Zealand hill country farming

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
pp. 73-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.G. Scrimgeour
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Hill Country ◽  
The Status ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Hill Farming ◽  
The Hill

This paper provides a stocktake of the status of hill country farming in New Zealand and addresses the challenges which will determine its future state and performance. It arises out of the Hill Country Symposium, held in Rotorua, New Zealand, 12-13 April 2016. This paper surveys people, policy, business and change, farming systems for hill country, soil nutrients and the environment, plants for hill country, animals, animal feeding and productivity, and strategies for achieving sustainable outcomes in the hill country. This paper concludes by identifying approaches to: support current and future hill country farmers and service providers, to effectively and efficiently deal with change; link hill farming businesses to effective value chains and new markets to achieve sufficient and stable profitability; reward farmers for the careful management of natural resources on their farm; ensure that new technologies which improve the efficient use of input resources are developed; and strategies to achieve vibrant rural communities which strengthen hill country farming businesses and their service providers. Keywords: farming systems, hill country, people, policy, productivity, profitability, sustainability

scholarly journals Camelina, an ancient oilseed crop actively contributing to the rural renaissance in Europe. A review

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Zanetti ◽  
Barbara Alberghini ◽  
Ana Marjanović Jeromela ◽  
Nada Grahovac ◽  
Dragana Rajković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Crop Diversification ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
European Farming ◽  
European Agriculture

AbstractPromoting crop diversification in European agriculture is a key pillar of the agroecological transition. Diversifying crops generally enhances crop productivity, quality, soil health and fertility, and resilience to pests and diseases and reduces environmental stresses. Moreover, crop diversification provides an alternative means of enhancing farmers’ income. Camelina (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz) reemerged in the background of European agriculture approximately three decades ago, when the first studies on this ancient native oilseed species were published. Since then, a considerable number of studies on this species has been carried out in Europe. The main interest in camelina is related to its (1) broad environmental adaptability, (2) low-input requirements, (3) resistance to multiple pests and diseases, and (4) multiple uses in food, feed, and biobased applications. The present article is a comprehensive and critical review of research carried out in Europe (compared with the rest of the world) on camelina in the last three decades, including genetics and breeding, agronomy and cropping systems, and end-uses, with the aim of making camelina an attractive new candidate crop for European farming systems. Furthermore, a critical evaluation of what is still missing to scale camelina up from a promising oilseed to a commonly cultivated crop in Europe is also provided (1) to motivate scientists to promote their studies and (2) to show farmers and end-users the real potential of this interesting species.

scholarly journals Effects of conservation agriculture on productivity and Economics of maize-wheat based cropping systems in midwestern Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-63
Author(s):  
K Pariyar ◽  
A Chaudhary ◽  
P Sapkota ◽  
S Sharma ◽  
CB Rana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Equivalent Yield

The effects of two tillage methods (zero tillage and conventional tillage), two residue managements (residue kept and residue removed) and two levels of cropping system (maize + soybean and sole maize) were studied over 3 years (2015-2017) at Dailekh district of Nepal. Arun-2 and Puja were the varieties of maize and soybean used respectively, followed by winter wheat. The results revealed that the maize + soybean system had significantly higher plant population and ear population (34.83 thousands ha-1 and 34.35 thousands ha-1, respectively), grains per row (37.1), ear length (16.6 cm) and 20.5% higher grain yield as compared to sole maize. The highest maize equivalent yield (7.92 t ha-1) was recorded in maize + soybean as compared to the lower grain yield equivalent (7.06 t ha-1) in sole maize. Zero tillage accounted relatively higher benefits (high net income and B:C ratio) as compared to conventional tillage. The residue kept plot resulted significantly higher B:C ratio (2.41) than the residue removed (2.11) and the maize + soybean recorded 82.5% greater B:C ratio compared to sole maize. Net annual income was significantly higher in zero tillage, residue kept and maize + soybean system (NRs. 223072.00, 222958.00 and 269016.00 ha-1 respectively). Such combinations are recommended for Dailekh district of Nepal to have profitable crop productivity. SAARC J. Agri., 17(1): 49-63 (2019)

Crop Productivity Enhancement under Soybean Based Cropping System through Harvested Rain Water in Malwa Region

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.H. Ranade ◽  
M.L. Jadav ◽  
Indu Swarup ◽  
O.P. Girothia ◽  
D.V. Bhagat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Availability ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Water Harvesting ◽  
Net Return

Background: Rainwater harvesting is commonly practiced in areas, where the rainfall is insufficient for crop growing. Due to the intermittent nature of run-off events, it is necessary to store the maximum possible amount of rainwater during the rainy season so that it may be used as irrigation to enhance the crop productivity and farm income under soybean based cropping system.Methods: A study was carried out during 2018-2019 in Indore district of Malwa region. Rainwater harvesting tanks at on station (42´21´2.4m) and on farm (15´11´4m) were constructed for irrigation water availability. Provision of water harvesting tank increased the irrigation water availability (1781m3 and 630m3 respectively) and stored water was managed through various irrigation systems viz. rain gun, drip and flood.Result: It was resulted that the provision of water harvesting tanks enhanced the crop productivity and farm income under soybean based cropping system. Availability of irrigation encouraged the farmers to diversify the cropping pattern (soybean-chickpea, soybean -wheat). It is also clear from the study that even with smaller storage tank and through conjunctive use of ground (1164.2m3) and surface water (596m3), multiple crops (Soybean, potato, sweet corn, chickpea, onion, garlic etc.) can be grown. Soybean-Chickpea cropping system at station gave the net return of 70976 Rs/ha with B: C ratio of 3.15. Soybean-Wheat cropping system at farm gave the net return of 119000 Rs/ha with B:C ratio of 3.38. 

scholarly journals Soil Health as Influenced by Fertilizer Management in Rice Based Cropping System

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-131
Author(s):  
MM Haque ◽  
MR Islam ◽  
MS Rahman ◽  
MAR Sarkar ◽  
MAA Mamun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
Soil C

Nutrient management influences soil health and crop productivity. Sustained crop production re-quires specific nutrient management options after a certain period. The objectives of this investigation were to examine the effects of inorganic and organic fertilization on yields and soil carbon budget under rice based cropping patterns in Bangladesh. The research data and informationhave been gen-erated based on previouslypublished, unpublished sources and own concept.Omission of K or im-balanced K are more influential for reduction in grain yield up to 47% in Boro (dry) season but N was most limiting up to 35% in T. Aman (wet) season. With existing fertilizer rates for growing rice, the balances of N and K are always negative. Balanced chemical fertilizer (NPKSZn) can be an option for improving crop productivity and maintain soil quality. Net ecosystem carbon (C) balances are posi-tive when 3 t ha-1 cow dung (CD), 2 t ha-1 poultry manure (PM) and 2 t ha-1 vermicompost (VC) are used in combination with chemical fertilizers. Soil amendments with organic nutrient sources (rice straw, CD, PM, VC, legume crops) and rice based cropping patterns such as T. Aman-Mustard-Boro, Boro-Fallow-Fallow, Jute-T. Aman-Fallow, Wheat-Mungbean-T. Aman, Grass pea- T. Aus-T. Aman and Potato-Boro-T. Aman can be beneficial in improving soil C budget, soil nutrient ratio, total crop production and maintenance of environmental health that will meet SDGs goal. Bangladesh Rice J. 24 (2): 119-131, 2021

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