scholarly journals Strengthening Financial Capability of a Municipality: A Case Study of Dhaka City Corporation

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 136-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rokshana Binta Samad
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Municipal Finance ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Financial Capability ◽  
Tax Base ◽  
Potential Sources ◽  
Local Initiatives ◽  
Increasing Demand

The universal complaint that the Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) i.e. City Corporations and Municipalities (Pourashavas in Bangladesh) in developing countries are in dire need of resources not only for investment to meet the increasing demand of growing urban population but also for maintenance of the existing services. Municipal finance in Bangladesh has so far not been extensively studied. For this research, Dhaka City Corporation (DCC) has been chosen for a case study. The research has investigated on how the financial capability of City Corporation can be strengthened. Investigation was made on various sources of revenue, existing state of tax base, and various problems pertaining to income and expenditure of Dhaka City Corporation. The study has explored potential sources of financing and made some suggestions to enhance local initiatives in strengthening financial capability.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbip.v2i0.9574Journal of Bangladesh Institute of Planners Vol. 2, December 2009, pp. 136-144

scholarly journals Problems and Prospects of Municipal Holding Taxation System: A Study on Bhairab Pourashava

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 126-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Samiul Huda ◽  
Muhammad Rashidul Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Cost Recovery ◽  
Poor Condition ◽  
User Charges ◽  
System A ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Taxation System

Local governments in Bangladesh have several options at hand to finance their activities and pursue their fiscal policy. These options include the imposition of taxes and the generation of non-tax revenues through fees, levies, cost recovery and user charges, property and investment income, domestic and foreign borrowing, the sale of assets and domestic and foreign grants. Urban Local Governments (ULGs) in developing countries are in dire need of resources not only for investment to meet the increasing demand of growing urban population but also for maintenance of the existing services. But the resources of the municipal bodies are inadequate; infrastructures are in poor condition and services maintenance is neither enough nor would cover the new expansions. Inefficient governance of the municipal bodies is partly responsible for this. Holding tax plays an important role in own revenue of Pourashavas. About 35-45% revenue comes from holding tax. But in Bhairab Pourashava it contributes only 18-20%. Every year, its demands and collection are decreasing. Many factors are responsible for this. This study tries to find out the problems of holding tax collection and assessment. Pourashava requires to pay more attention to solve these problems. If the amount of holding tax is increased, this will help Pourashava gradually become self-financed.  DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbip.v2i0.9573  Journal of Bangladesh Institute of Planners Vol. 2, December 2009, pp. 126-135

scholarly journals Problems and Challenges on Urban Water Management in Darjeeling Hill Town

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-33
Author(s):  
Suvechha Ghatani
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Governance System ◽  
The People ◽  
Increasing Demand

Provision of basic services such as portable water and sanitation are vital for health and wellbeing of the society. The growing intensity of use of water in urban environment due to increasing urbanization and rapidly growing population has posed significant challenges for efficient water supply and conservation in many developing countries. Darjeeling town alike most of these developing countries struggle for the improved access of water for urban population. The urban dwellers in Darjeeling Town struggles for the improved access of water due to increasing urban population. The daily uncertainty and anxiety over the access to water has been a common sight to the people in urban Darjeeling hills. The rapidly growing urban population associated with the increasing demand for water has led to striking challenges in the management practice of water resources. Consequently, a huge imbalance has generated between the demand and supply of water in the town. The present study therefore attempts to explore the existing situation of water resources and discuss the issues and challenges around the management of water resources in the urban landscape of Darjeeling hills. The study revealed that the gradual introduction of developmental activities, faulty construction plans relating to water, political intrusion, poor governance system and lack of public awareness are some of the prominent factors for insufficient water supply and creating a situation of scarcity in Darjeeling.

scholarly journals Book Review: Municipal Infrastructure Financing: Innovative Practices from Developing Countries (Edited by Munawwar Alam)

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Tayler
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Fiscal Decentralization ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
Municipal Finance ◽  
Primary Research ◽  
Secondary Study

Rapid urbanisation creates a need to expand urban services and that expansion is not possible without adequate finances. However, fiscal decentralization has not kept pace with administrative and functional decentralisation so that municipal bodies lack the funds required to operate existing facilities and extend services into new areas. Municipal Infrastructure Financing addresses this issue. It draws on a desk-based secondary study of relevant literature and municipal data, supplemented by primary research in four case study municipalities: Dar es Salaam and Kampala in East Africa, and Karachi and Dhaka in South Asia. The first two chapters provide a general overview of the book and of the state of municipal finance in Commonwealth developing countries. Chapters 3 – 6 set out the findings of the four case studies, Chapter 7 examines a number of innovative approaches to municipal financing and Chapter 8 draws conclusions from what has gone before.

Urban Population Knowledge of Climate Change in Costa Rica and Nicaragua

2013 ◽  
pp. 55-76
Author(s):  
Sergio A. Molina Murillo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Public Understanding ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
International Policies ◽  
General Concern

Most scenarios indicate that people in developing countries are more vulnerable and less capable of adapting to climate change. Since our public understanding of risk toward climate change in developing countries is limited, this article presents results from Costa Rica and Nicaragua, two countries which are socio-economically distinct, but which are expected to suffer similar extreme weather events. From October of 2008 until May 2010, a total of 1,047 respondents were surveyed in cities of both countries. The main results indicate that climate change is a widely known concept but other notions such as “carbon footprint” are foreign to most respondents. Despite the general concern with its negative consequences, respondents’ foremost concern is linked to their socioeconomic situation, and how it will be impacted by climate change in such aspects as poverty and social security. The results presented here contribute to advance national and international policies aiming to support mitigation or adaptation strategies in developing countries.

The Role of Mobile Money in Moderating Financial Exclusion: A Tanzanian Experience

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deogratius Joseph Mhella
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Microfinance Institutions ◽  
Mobile Money ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Financial Exclusion

Prior to the advent of mobile money, the banking sector in most of the developing countries excluded certain segments of the population. The excluded populations were deemed as a risk to the banking sector. The banking sector did not work with cash stripped and the financially disenfranchised people. Financial exclusion persisted to incredibly higher levels. Those excluded did not have: bank accounts, savings in financial institutions, access to credit, loan and insurance services. The advent of mobile money moderated the very factors of financial exclusion that the banks failed to resolve. This paper explains how mobile money moderates the factors of financial exclusion that the banks and microfinance institutions have always failed to moderate. The paper seeks to answer the following research question: 'How has mobile money moderated the factors of financial exclusion that other financial institutions failed to resolve between 1960 and 2008? Tanzania has been chosen as a case study to show how mobile has succeeded in moderating financial exclusion in the period after 2008.

Efficiency of SMS Marketing in Developing Countries: Bangladesh Case Study

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imran Mahmud ◽  
Shahriar Rawshon ◽  
Fazle Munim
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries

scholarly journals Morphological Change of Dhaka City Over a Period of 55 Years: A Case Study of Two Wards

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 30-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bayes Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Rakibul Hasan Raj ◽  
KM Maniruzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
Spatial Dynamics ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
General Interest ◽  
Morphologic Change ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Territorial Expansion ◽  
Physical Form ◽  
The Many

Dhaka City has undergone radical changes in its physical form, not only by territorial expansion, but also through internal physical transformations over the last decades. These have created entirely new kinds of fabric. With these changes, the elements of urban form have changed. Plots and open spaces have been transformed into building areas, open squares into car parks, low land and water bodies into reclaimed built-up lands etc. This research has its general interest in the morphologic change of Dhaka City. It focuses on the spatial dynamics of urban growth of Dhaka over the last 55 years from 1952-2007. In the research, the transformation of urban form has been examined through space syntax. The aim behind using this technique is to describe aspects of relationships between the morphological structure of man-made environments and social structures and events. To conduct this research, Wards 49 and 72 of Dhaka City Corporation were selected as the study areas, of which Ward 72 is an indigenous and Ward 49 is a planned type of settlement. Being a planned residential area, the syntactic measures from this morphological analysis are showing quite unchanged and high values in all phases for Ward 49 and the physical characteristics of Ward 72 (Old Dhaka) still represent the past. The syntactic values are found to be higher for Ward 72 and than Ward 49. Higher values indicate that the street network is highly connective among each other. Time affects differently the layout of cities and the architecture of buildings. Of the many human creations, street systems are among the most resistant to change. This has been emphasized in this study, thereby facilitating the comparison of urban layouts across space and time. The interpretation of history in the light of quantitative accounts, as demonstrated in this study, will be of value to urban planners and urban designers for the future planning of modern Dhaka City.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbip.v2i0.9554  Journal of Bangladesh Institute of Planners Vol. 2, December 2009, pp. 30-38

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