scholarly journals Study On Serum Magnesium, Calcium And Iron In Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-204
Author(s):  
Shorifa Shahjadi ◽  
Arif Salam Khan ◽  
Mesbah Uddin Ahmed ◽  
Mahmuda Karim ◽  
Shahana Parvin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Serum Magnesium ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Normal Ranges ◽  
Healthy Control

Background: Autism is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder and one of the major cause of lifelong disability. Magnesium, calcium and iron are important minerals of biological system. Hypomagnesaemia, hypocalcaemia and iron deficiency has been found to be associated with abnormal metabolic functions resulting in autistic spectrum disorder. Hypothesis: Serum magnesium, calcium and iron levels are lower in ASD children than healthy control. Objective: To measure serum magnesium, calcium and iron in ASDchildren and to compare them with healthy control. Method: This observational type of analytical study with case-control design was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Shahbag, Dhaka from March 2014–January 2016. For this study, 80 children aged 3-10 years were randomly selected, among which 40 were apparently healthy and 40 were diagnosed as ASD. The study group was selected from the Parents’ Forum (Mohakhali DOHS, Dhaka) for ASD children and the control group was selected from some regular schools. 5ml venous blood was collected from both groups for analysis of fasting serum magnesium, calcium and iron. Fasting magnesium, calcium and iron were estimated in all children by standard laboratory method. Independent sample‘t’ test and proportion (Z) test were used for statistical analysis. P value Â0.05 was accepted as significant. Result: The mean serum magnesium, calcium and iron were significantly lower (pÂ0.001) in cases as compared to controls. The frequency of hypomagnesaemia, hypocalcaemia and iron deficiency were significantly higher in early diagnosed ASD children, which was 7 (17.5%), 22 (55%) and 5 (12.5%) out of 40 ASD children respectively.The mean values of all the biochemical variables in normal children were within normal ranges. Conclusion: The results indicate that hypomagnesaemia, hypocalcaemia and iron deficiency are common in ASD children. J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 27, No.2, October, 2018, Page 199-204

scholarly journals Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Early Diagnosed Autism Spectrum Disorder Children

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shorifa Shahjadi ◽  
Arif Salam Khan ◽  
Mesbah Uddin Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Mitochondrial Dysfunction ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Serum Lactate ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Blood Ammonia ◽  
Normal Children

Background: Mitochondrial dysfunction and abnormal brain bioenergetics can cause autism.Cellular function impairment due to mitochondrial dysfunction may cause cognitive impairment, language deficits and abnormal energy metabolism in autism.Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate biochemical evidence of the mitochondrial dysfunction by measuring blood ammonia, serum lactate, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and creatinine kinase (CK) in autism spectrum disorder children.Methods: This observational type of analytical study with case-control design was conducted in the Department of Physiology of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Shahbag, Dhaka. For this study, a total number of 20 Subjects were randomly selected, among which 10 were apparently healthy subjects (control group-A) for comparison and 10 were diagnosed children with autism spectrum disorder (study group-B). 5ml venous blood was collected from both groups for analysis serum CK, AST, ALT, lactate and blood ammonia. Blood ammonia, serum lactate, AST, ALT and CK level were estimated in all children by standard laboratory method. Independent sample‘t’ test was used for statistical analysis. P value <0.05 was accepted as significant. The mean of all the measured biochemical variables in normal children were within normal ranges.Result: Blood ammonia, serum lactate, AST, CK were found significantly higher in autism spectrum disorder children in comparison to control Conclusion: From the result of this study it may be concluded that mitochondrial dysfunction occur in autistic spectrum disorder children .J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 26, No.1, April, 2017, Page 43-47

scholarly journals Serum vitamin B12 and folic acid status in Autism spectrum disorder children

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
Syeda Nusrat Mahruba ◽  
Shelina Begum ◽  
Shorifa Shahjadi ◽  
Sharmin Afroz ◽  
Umme Raihan Siddiqi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Healthy Children

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder. The etiology of ASD involves gene-environmental interaction. Vitamin B12 and folic acid have important roles as methyl donor in many biosynthetic pathways, protein synthesis and formation of myelin sheath throughout the central nervous system. Therefore, deficiency of vitamin B12 and folic acid may act as environmental risk factor for ASD. Objective: To evaluate serum vitamin B12 and folic acid levels in ASD children. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Shahbag, Dhaka, from 2018 to 2019. Total 100 children 3-10 years of age were enrolled for this study.Among them fifty (50) diagnosed children with ASD were included in the study group. Fifty (50) healthy children constituted the control group. ASD children were selected from the Parent’s Forum for autistic children. No children were included receiving any vitamin supplementation or had acute illness. For this study, serum level of vitamin B12 and folic acid were measured by automated analyzer.For statistical analysis unpaired “t” test and chi square test were done. Result: The mean values of vitamin B12 and folic acid were significantly lower in ASD children than those of control group (p value <0.05). In addition 4% ASD children had vitamin B12 deficiency. Conclusion: Low serum vitamin B12 and folic acid was associated with ASD. J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2019, December; 14(2): 43-47

scholarly journals The neonatal levels of TSB, NSE and CK-BB in autism spectrum disorder from Southern China

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng-na Lv ◽  
Hong Zhang ◽  
Yi Shu ◽  
Shan Chen ◽  
Yuan-yuan Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Group Identification ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Repetitive Behaviors ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Control Group

AbstractBackground" Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a serious neurodevelopmental disorder that impairs a child’s ability to communicate with others. It also includes restricted repetitive behaviors, interests and activities. Symptoms manifest before the age of 3. In the previous studies, we found structural abnormalities of the temporal lobe cortex. High spine densities were most commonly found in ASD subjects with lower levels of cognitive functioning. In the present study, we retrospectively analyzed medical records in relation to the neonatal levels of total serum bilirubin (TSB), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), creatine kinase brain band isoenzyme (CK-BB), and neonatal behavior in ASD patients from Southern China. Methods: A total of 80 patients with ASD (ASD group) were screened for this retrospective study. Among them, 34 were low-functioning ASD (L-ASD group) and 46 were high-functioning ASD (H-ASD group). Identification of the ASD cases was confirmed with a Revised Autism Diagnostic Inventory. For comparison with ASD cases, 80 normal neonates (control group) were selected from the same period. Biochemical parameters, including TSB, NSE and CK-BB in the neonatal period and medical records on neonatal behavior were collected. Results: The levels of serum TSB, NSE and CK-BB in the ASD group were significantly higher when compared with those from the control group (P < 0.01, or P < 0.05). The amounts of serum TSB, NSE and CK-BB in the L-ASD group were significantly higher when compared with those in the H-ASD group (P < 0.01, or P < 0.05). The Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale (NBAS) scores in the ASD group were significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Likewise, the NBAS scores in the L-ASD group were significantly lower than that in the H-ASD group (P < 0.05). There was no association between serum TSB, NSE, CK-BB and NBAS scores (P > 0.05) in the ASD group. Conclusions: The neonatal levels of TSB, NSE and CK-BB in ASD from Southern China were significantly higher than those of healthy controls. These findings need to be investigated thoroughly by future studies with large sample.

scholarly journals Evaluation of carnitine levels in dried blood spot samples in children with autism spectrum disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozgur Aslan ◽  
Burcu Kardaş ◽  
Mehmet Nuri Özbek ◽  
Bahadır Ercan
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Dried Blood Spot ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disease ◽  
Glycine Transporter ◽  
Blood Spot

Abstract Objectives Autism Spectrum Disorder is a neurodevelopmental disease with an average diagnosis age of over 3 years. Carnitine levels in ASD are important because they show potential mitochondrial dysfunction and abnormal fatty acid metabolism. In this study, in ASD children carnitine levels in dried blood spot samples were evaluated and compared with the control group. Methods Twentythree children diagnosed with ASD in Research and Training Hospital (19 boys, 4 girls) and age and gender matched 24 children without ASD were enrolled in this study. 17 carnitines in dried blood samples were measured with LC-MS/MS. Results C0, C2, C4-OH, C5, C5-OH, C6, C16, C18 carnitines were lower (p value 0.037, 0.010, 0.005, 0.032, 0.005, 0.003, 0.043, 0.003, respectively) and C18:1 carnitine was higher (p<0.025) in ASD group compared with control group. Conclusions Comprehensive carnitine levels for ASD are important to establish a treatment protocol for the treatment of ASD behavior and severity. C18:1 carnitine, detected for the first time in the cases with ASD, is important for its high levels and for being a glycine transporter two inhibitor. In ASD cases, the molecular analysis might be suggested for enzymes involved in carnitine metabolism and for glycine transporter 2.

scholarly journals Autism spectrum disorder is associated with gut microbiota disorder in children

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hairong Sun ◽  
Zhong You ◽  
Libo Jia ◽  
Fang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
16S Sequencing ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence and clinical characteristics of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) associated to the stable state of the gut microbiota. Methods A total of 9 children with ASD and 6 healthy children used as control were selected and feces samples were collected from all of them. The 16S gene ribosomal RNA sequencing was used to analyze the difference in gut microbiota between healthy control children and ASD patients. Results The results of 16S sequencing based on operational taxonomic units (OTUs) analysis showed that the ASD group and the healthy control (HC) group had a large difference in the abundance of microbiota at the level of family, genus and species. The abundance of Bacteroidales and Selenomonadales was significantly lower in the ASD group than in the HC group (p = 0.0110 and p = 0.0076, respectively). The abundance of Ruminococcaceae in the ASD group was higher than that in the HC group (p = 0.0285), while the amount of Prevotellaceae was significantly lower in the ASD group than in the HC group (p = 0.0111). The Tax4Fun analysis based on Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) data indicated differentially expressed functional pathway between the ASD group and healthy control group associated to the nervous system, environmental information processing and cellular processing. Conclusions The abundance of gut microbiota in the ASD group is different from that in the healthy control children. These differences affect the biological function of the host. These results suggest that a disorder in the gut microbiota may be associated, at least in part, with ASD in children.

scholarly journals STUDY OF ABNORMAL PALMER CREASES IN CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER: A CASE-CONTROL STUDY IN NORTH INDIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 102-105
Author(s):  
Avni Gupta ◽  
Aakanksha Kharb ◽  
Sujata Sethi
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Typically Developing Children ◽  
Early Management

INTRODUCTION: Autism Spectrum Disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized mainly by deficits in social and communication patterns. Aberrant gene environment interactions during fetal development leads to formation of minor physical anomalies such as abnormal palmar creases commonly seen in autism spectrum disorder. AIM: To compare the prevalence of abnormal palmar creases in children with autism spectrum disorder and typically developing children. METHODOLOGY:It was a case controlled cross sectional study conducted in departments of Psychiatry and Pediatrics of Pt. B.D. Sharma, PGIMS Rohtak. Fifty children of age 4-16 years with diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (case group) and fifty typically developing children (control group) were recruited. A digital camera of 13 megapixels was used to click photographs of the palms of children. Palmar crease patterns of fifty children with diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder were compared with the control group. RESULTS:The prevalence of abnormal palmar creases in case group was higher (47%) than in control group (14%).The prevalence of Simian crease in case group was double (22%) as compared to one in control group i.e. 11%. The prevalence of Sydney crease in case group was 21%, while in control group it was only 3%. The prevalence of Suwon crease in case group was 4%,while it was not seen in control group. CONCLUSION:Children with abnormal palmar creases help in early screening of neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder helping in early management of these children leading to better outcomes and alleviation of parental stress and burden

scholarly journals Children with Autism spectrum disorder are associated with gut microbiota disorder

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hairong Sun ◽  
Zhong You ◽  
Libo Jia ◽  
Fang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
16S Sequencing ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence and clinical characteristics of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) associated to the stable state of the gut microbiota. Methods A total of 9 children with ASD and 6 healthy children used as control were selected and feces samples were collected from all of them. The 16S gene ribosomal RNA sequencing was used to analyze the difference in gut microbiota between healthy control children and ASD patients. Results The results of 16S sequencing based on operational taxonomic units (OTUs) analysis showed that the ASD group and the healthy control (HC) group had a large difference in the abundance of microbiota at the level of family, genus and species. The abundance of Bacteroidales and Selenomonadales was significantly lower in the ASD group than in the HC group (p=0.0110 and p=0.0076, respectively). The abundance of Ruminococcaceae in the ASD group was higher than that in the HC group (p=0.0265), while the amount of Prevotellaceae was significantly lower in the ASD group than in the HC group (p=0.0265). The Tax4Fun analysis based on Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) data indicated differentially expressed functional pathway between the ASD group and healthy control group associated to the nervous system, environmental information processing and cellular processing. Conclusions The abundance of gut microbiota in the ASD group is different from that in the healthy control children. These differences affect the biological function of the host. These results suggest that a disorder in the gut microbiota may be associated, at least in part, with ASD in children.

scholarly journals Children with Autism spectrum disorder are associated with gut microbiota disorder

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hairong Sun ◽  
Zhong You ◽  
Libo Jia ◽  
Fang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
16S Sequencing ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence and clinical characteristics of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) associated to the stable state of the gut microbiota. Methods A total of 9 children with ASD and 6 healthy children used as control were selected and feces samples were collected from all of them. The 16S gene ribosomal RNA sequencing was used to analyze the difference in gut microbiota between healthy control children and ASD patients. Results The results of 16S sequencing based on operational taxonomic units (OTUs) analysis showed that the ASD group and the healthy control (HC) group had a large difference in the abundance of microbiota at the level of family, genus and species. The abundance of Bacteroidales and Selenomonadales was significantly lower in the ASD group than in the HC group (p=0.0110 and p=0.0076, respectively). The abundance of Ruminococcaceae in the ASD group was higher than that in the HC group (p=0.0265), while the amount of Prevotellaceae was significantly lower in the ASD group than in the HC group (p=0.0265). The Tax4Fun analysis based on Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) data indicated differentially expressed functional pathway between the ASD group and healthy control group associated to the nervous system, environmental information processing and cellular processing. Conclusions The abundance of gut microbiota in the ASD group is different from that in the healthy control children. These differences affect the biological function of the host. These results suggest that a disorder in the gut microbiota may be associated, at least in part, with ASD in children.

scholarly journals Autism spectrum disorder is associated with gut microbiota disorder in children

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hairong Sun ◽  
Zhong You ◽  
Libo Jia ◽  
Fang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
16S Sequencing ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence and clinical characteristics of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) associated to the stable state of the gut microbiota. Methods: A total of 9 children with ASD and 6 healthy children used as control were selected and feces samples were collected from all of them. The 16S gene ribosomal RNA sequencing was used to analyze the difference in gut microbiota between healthy control children and ASD patients. Results: The results of 16S sequencing based on operational taxonomic units (OTUs) analysis showed that the ASD group and the healthy control (HC) group had a large difference in the abundance of microbiota at the level of family, genus and species. The abundance of Bacteroidales and Selenomonadales was significantly lower in the ASD group than in the HC group (p=0.0110 and p=0.0076, respectively). The abundance of Ruminococcaceae in the ASD group was higher than that in the HC group (p=0.0285), while the amount of Prevotellaceae was significantly lower in the ASD group than in the HC group (p=0.0111). The Tax4Fun analysis based on Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) data indicated differentially expressed functional pathway between the ASD group and healthy control group associated to the nervous system, environmental information processing and cellular processing. Conclusions: The abundance of gut microbiota in the ASD group is different from that in the healthy control children. These differences affect the biological function of the host. These results suggest that a disorder in the gut microbiota may be associated, at least in part, with ASD in children.

scholarly journals Measurement of Plasma Fibrinogen Levels, PT and APTT among HIV Infected Patients: A Critical Bio-Marker for Coagulation Dysfunctions

2021 ◽  
pp. 350-357
Author(s):  
Allageya Yousif Khailfa Ahmed ◽  
Nasr Eldeen Ali Mohammed Gaufri ◽  
Sara Abdelgani ◽  
Lienda Bashier Eltayeb
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Plasma Fibrinogen ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Background: The literature stated that Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection led to activation of coagulation, and habitually linked with an augmented risk of venous and arterial thrombosis. So the purpose of the study was to determine the plasma fibrinogen level in Sudanese HIV-infected patients. Materials and Methods: A total of one hundred participants were recruited, and classified into two groups; the case group include (50) HIV patients, and the control group enrolled (50) healthy individuals. Three ml of blood was collected. Fresh Poor Plasma was prepared from citrated venous blood by centrifuged for 15 minutes at 3000 pm. Fibrinogen levels were measured by an automated coagulation analyzer (Thrombolyzer XRC Germany). Data were collected using a directly structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS Version 21.  Results: The present study showed that the mean of plasma fibrinogen levels was statistically significantly higher in HIV infection in comparison with those normal healthy control (470.50 ±67.75 vs 214.75±21.25 with P-value 0.00). There was a significantly decreased level of PT, and PTT among the HIV group comparing with the control (9.575±0.64, and 22.39±4.94) VS (12.483±0.72, and 30.78±3.55) consequently, (P-value ≤0.001). Fibrinogen levels were significantly increased with the progression of HIV disease (469.84 ±67.15, 472.74 ±87.75, 478.47 ±61.92) in stage I, stage II, and stage III respectively. Conclusions: An HIV-infected patient had elevated plasma fibrinogen levels, as well as other coagulation dysfunctions.

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