scholarly journals Effects of selected chemical admixtures on physical and mechanical properties of cement mortar

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-310
Author(s):  
SS Bethe ◽  
MN Haque ◽  
MR Islam
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
Water Cement Ratio ◽  
Chemical Admixtures ◽  
Super Plasticizer ◽  
The Difference

This study was aimed to determination of appropriate dosage of selected chemical admixtures to reduce water cement ratio for mortar mix also to determine its effects on physical and mechanical properties of cement mortar. Amount of water used in concrete is very important for the physical and mechanical properties. Less amount of water increase the strength but reduce the workability. Water retarding admixture can reduce the water cement ratio with desired workability. In this experiment plasticizer (master pel 707) and super plasticizer (master polyheed 8632) was used. The used dosages of admixture were 0.5%, 1% and 1.5% according to cement weight. The test was done at 3 days, 7 days, 28 days and 91 days. 2.76″ cube mold was used for the work. The experiment was done to find the difference between with and without admixture used in mortar. Water used reduced with add of plasticizer and super plasticizer. In the experiment the workability of normal mortar and admixture used mortar remain same. The compressive strength is high for 1.5% super plasticizer used sample. So 1.5% super plasticizer is recommended for high strength. Progressive Agriculture 30 (3): 305-310, 2019

scholarly journals Comparison of physical and mechanical properties of river sand concrete with quarry dust concrete

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (s1) ◽  
pp. 127-134
Author(s):  
Hyginus E. Opara ◽  
Uchechi G. Eziefula ◽  
Bennett I. Eziefula
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Strength ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
Water Cement Ratio ◽  
Structural Applications ◽  
Strength Tests ◽  
Quarry Dust

Abstract This study compared the physical and mechanical properties of river sand concrete with quarry dust concrete. The constituent materials were batched by weight. The water-cement ratio and mix ratio selected for the experimental investigation were 0.55 and 1:2:4, respectively. The specimens were cured for 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. Slump, density and compressive strength tests were carried out. The results showed that river sand concrete had greater density and compressive strength than quarry dust concrete for all curing ages. At 28 days of curing, river sand concrete exceeded the target compressive strength by 36%, whereas quarry dust concrete was less than the target compressive strength by 12%. Both river sand concrete and quarry dust concrete for the selected water/cement ratio and mix ratio are suitable for non-structural applications and lightly-loaded members where high strength is not a prerequisite.

scholarly journals Optimization of the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Grouting Material for Non-Soil-Squeezing PHC Pipe Pile

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Zhenkun Hou ◽  
Mengxiong Tang ◽  
Shihua Liang ◽  
Yi Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Reducing Agent ◽  
Curing Time ◽  
Shrinkage Ratio ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
Water Cement Ratio ◽  
Cement Mixture ◽  
Early Strength ◽  
Late Stages

The physical and mechanical properties of grouting materials greatly affect the friction resistance and the bearing performance of a non-soil-squeezing PHC pipe pile. Orthogonal tests for four factors at five levels were carried out to optimize the proportion of the water–cement mixture by using Portland cement as a raw material and a water-reducing agent, expansion agent and early-strength agent as additives. The following conclusions were obtained: (1) Both the water–cement ratio and the dosage of water-reducing agent are positively correlated with the fluidity of the water–cement mixture and have the greatest influence on the fluidity, followed by the expansion agent and early-strength agent. The saturation point of the water-reducing agent is 1.5%. (2) The strength of the grouting body decreases linearly with the increase of the water–cement ratio, and the dosage of the water-reducing agent has no obvious effect on the strength. As the dosage of expansion agent increases, the strength of the grouting body decreases rapidly. The expansion agent mainly plays a key role in the middle and late stages of the hardening process of the slurry. Early-strength agents have a greater impact on the early strength, but less on the later strength. When the slurry is solidified for 3 h, the early-strength agent has the greatest impact on the strength with an optimal dosage of 5%. (3) The volume of the grouting body has an inverse relationship with the water–cement ratio, and the optimal amount of expansion agent is 12%. The incorporation of an expansion agent makes the volume increase of the grouting body exceed the volume shrinkage ratio caused by the hardening of the grouting body with a curing time of more than 3 days, ensuring a slight increase in the volume of the grouting body. After 3 days, even though the effect of the expansion agent is gradually weakened, it can still ensure that the volume of the grouting body does not shrink. With the increase of the amount of water-reducing agent, the volume of the grouting body gradually decreases. When the amount of water-reducing agent exceeds 1.5%, the volume of the grouting body no longer decreases. (4) The early-strength agent has almost no effect on the volume of the grouting body. When the curing time is 3 h, the water–cement ratio has the greatest influence on the volume of the grouting body, followed by the water-reducing agent, and, finally, the expansion agent. After 3 h, the water–cement ratio still has the greatest influence, and the influence of the expansion agent gradually exceeds that of the water-reducing agent. The water-reducing agent mainly affects the volume of the grouting body in the water separation stage, and the expansion agent mainly plays a role in the middle and late stages of the slurry solidification. After optimized ratio analysis, the fluidity of the water–cement mixture can be improved, the volume shrinkage ratio rate can be lowered and the early strength can be increased.

The Effect of Redistribution of the Mixing Water of the Concrete Lining on its Quality

2016 ◽  
Vol 843 ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
Yuri Kulikov
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
External Pressure ◽  
Concrete Lining ◽  
Residual Water ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
Water Cement Ratio ◽  
Axial Forces ◽  
Roof Part ◽  
Mixing Water

In the heart of the processes of formation of physical and mechanical properties of secondary lining of underground structures is the residual water-cement ratio, which indicates the extraction of the mixing water of the concrete mixture under the action of external pressure forces. This article examines the nature of the redistribution of the mixing water in the concrete lining of the tunnels. Under the influence of radial and axial forces from laid concrete mix there is an increase in water-cement ratio in the direction from the sole to the vault head of the tunnel. This leads to deterioration of physical and mechanical properties of the lining in the roof part of the tunnel. When calculating the strength and water resistance of the secondary concrete tunnel lining the characteristics of the concrete type by strength and waterproof, adjusted by the weakest part of the lining – its roof part – should be taken into account. The analysis of influence on the technology of erection of the lining is given.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Engineering Properties of Indus River Sand Concrete with Quarry Dust Concrete, District Jamshoro Sindh Pakistan

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
Mushtaque Ahmed Pathan ◽  
Maryam Maira ◽  
Arif Ali Khaskheli ◽  
Agha Jamshed Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
Water Cement Ratio ◽  
Structural Applications ◽  
Quarry Dust

This study shows the comparative analysis engineering, the physical and mechanical properties of river sand concrete with quarry dust concrete. The selected materials were batched by weight and volume. The water-cement ratio opted as 0.50 1:2:4 for mix ratio was selected for the experimental investigation respectively. The specimens were cured for 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. For the purpose Slump, density, and compressive strength tests were carried out. The river sand concrete showed better results and greater density and compressive strength than quarry dust concrete for all curing ages. The 28 days of curing, river sand concrete rise the required compressive strength by 36%, whereas quarry dust concrete was less than the limit compressive strength by 12%. Both river sand concrete and quarry dust concrete for the selected water/cement ratio and mix ratio has been found suitable for non-structural applications and lightly-loaded members where high strength is not a prerequisite. Keywords: River Sand; Quarry Dust; Density; Compressive Strength; Concrete

Performance of Cement Bonded Particleboards Made from Grapevine

2013 ◽  
Vol 631-632 ◽  
pp. 765-770
Author(s):  
Chuan Gui Wang ◽  
Shuan Gyan Zhang ◽  
Heng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Internal Bond ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Thickness Swelling ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
Water Cement Ratio ◽  
Effect Of Particle Size

Cement bonded particleboards were manufactured form grapevine stalk particles. The physical and mechanical properties of the boards were assessed. Results revealed that the mixture of grapevine-cement for either treatment of particles, was graded as “low inhibition” when CaCl2 was incorporated, as determined by the hydration tests. Three factors namely grapevine-cement ratio, water-cement ratio and particle size were applied in this study for the board manufacturing. Increase in grapevine-cement ratio caused decrease in Modulus of rupture (MOR), Modulus of elasticity (MOE), Internal bond (IB), thermal conductivity and increase in Thickness swelling (TS). Increase in water-cement ratio caused decrease in MOR, MOE, IB, TS and thermal conductivity. The particle size resulted in little change in all, but TS. The MOR, MOE, IB of the boards were significantly affected by grapevine-cement and water-cement ratios except for TS. Only the effect of particle size on thermal conductivity is significant at 0.05 level significance.

scholarly journals A study on the physical and mechanical properties of a granite outcrop for a quarry at Onikoko community, Oyo State, South-Western Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
Luqman Kareem Salati ◽  
Jacob Titilope Adeyemo
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Strength ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Host Community ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Granite Rock ◽  
Granite Outcrop ◽  
Granite Rocks

Purpose. To investigate the physical and mechanical properties of a granite outcrop for a quarry at Onikoko community in Oyo State, South-Western Nigeria. Methods. Samples of granite rock were collected from the outcrop for the laboratory determination of their physical and mechanical properties required for determining its suitability for construction and engineering purposes, and the desired properties were determined. Findings. Results from the tests conducted on the granite samples indicated the various values of physical and mechanical properties of the outcrop in the study area. The results obtained are found to be within the acceptable international standards. Hence, the granite outcrop is found to be suitable for establishing a quarry in the study area based on the results obtained. Originality.The results in this study have affirmed the fact that granite rocks must possess adequate physical and mechanical characteristics to make them suitable for construction and engineering purposes. The physico-mechanical properties of the granite outcrop evaluated in this study having their values within the international standards attest to high strength cha-racterization of the granite rock. The life span of the proposed quarry is established to be forty years, which is also an indication of rich mineralization of the area. Practical implications. Results of this study can be a useful source of information to potential investors and policy makers for the establishment of a quarry in the study area. Hence, government’s attention can be drawn to the needs of the host community for the provision of basic infrastructures. Keywords: granite outcrop, physical and mechanical properties, quarrying operation

Determination of Mechanical Properties of High Strength Linepipe

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randy Klein ◽  
Laurie Collins ◽  
Fathi Hamad ◽  
Xiande Chen ◽  
Dengqi Bai
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Tensile Specimen ◽  
Sampling Location ◽  
Noticeable Effect ◽  
Controlled Processes ◽  
Commercial Scale ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Thermal Coating

Commercial scale trials of X100 for Artic gas transmission pipelines have been conducted at IPSCO. Different alloying systems and thermo-mechanical controlled processes have been employed to make X100 coils. The coils were made into spirally welded pipes at IPSCO Spiral Mill in Regina, Canada. These pipes were tested in different conditions, namely as-welded, after hydro-testing, and after thermal coating. Therefore, the effects of as-supplied material and pipe-making processes on the final mechanical properties of pipe were evaluated. It was found that the tensile specimen size and sampling location had a noticeable effect on the testing results. The difference was also observed between the flattened strap specimen and round bar. The influence of the anisotropy of the as-supplied coils and the thermal coating on the final pipe properties will also be presented.

Effects of Element Size and Orientation in the Production of High Strength Resin Impregnated Wood Based Materials

Holzforschung ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Yano ◽  
K. Mori ◽  
P.J. Collins ◽  
Y. Yazaki
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Hot Pressing ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Element Size ◽  
Resin Impregnation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
C 30

Summary The effects of low molecular weight phenolic resin impregnation and high pressure hot pressing (150°C, 30–100 MPa) on the physical and mechanical properties of wood were first investigated by using sawn wood prepared from a block of Japanese birch (Betula meximowicziana). Subsequently, the effects of element size and orientation were examined by using sliced veneers, particles and powder prepared from the remaining portion of the block. Due to the combination of resin impregnation and hot pressing under high pressure, the specific bending strength at 20°C and 65% RH of sawn wood increased 50% accompanied by enormous decreases in moisture content, and bending strength reached around 400 MPa. The mechanical properties of veneer laminated product did not differ significantly from those of sawn wood product. Among isotropic products, the highest bending strength at 20°C and 65% RH of plywood, particleboard and powderboard was 242 MPa, 166 MPa and 175 MPa, respectively. The difference of bending strength between plywood and other isotropic products could be explained by the difference in element orientation, cross lamination and random distribution. Furthermore, the results for the particleboard and powderboard showed that when the resin impregnated elements were hot pressed under high pressure, a decrease in element size did not result in a decrease in bending strength.

Basic set of experiments for determination of mechanical properties of sand

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-137
Author(s):  
A. Sawicki ◽  
J. Mierczyński
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Soil Mechanics ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Local Strain ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Laboratory Equipment ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Basic Set ◽  
Initial Anisotropy

Abstract A basic set of experiments for the determination of mechanical properties of sands is described. This includes the determination of basic physical and mechanical properties, as conventionally applied in soil mechanics, as well as some additional experiments, which provide further information on mechanical properties of granular soils. These additional experiments allow for determination of steady state and instability lines, stress-strain relations for isotropic loading and pure shearing, and simple cyclic shearing tests. Unconventional oedometric experiments are also presented. Necessary laboratory equipment is described, which includes a triaxial apparatus equipped with local strain gauges, an oedometer capable of measuring lateral stresses and a simple cyclic shearing apparatus. The above experiments provide additional information on soil’s properties, which is useful in studying the following phenomena: pre-failure deformations of sand including cyclic loading compaction, pore-pressure generation and liquefaction, both static and caused by cyclic loadings, the effect of sand initial anisotropy and various instabilities. An important feature of the experiments described is that they make it possible to determine the initial state of sand, defined as either contractive or dilative. Experimental results for the “Gdynia” model sand are shown.

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