scholarly journals Occurrence of surgical affections in zoo herbivores: a retrospective study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazmul Hoda ◽  
Zaied Talukder ◽  
Pravin Mishra ◽  
Md Mehedi Jaman ◽  
Md Mahmudul Alam
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Corneal Opacity ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Zoological Garden ◽  
Zoo Animals

Correction: On 21st September 2018, the author 'Pravin Kumar Mishra' was changed to 'Pravin Mishra' - Editorial Board. The study has been directed to find out the occurrence of surgical affections in herbivorous zoo animals in National Zoological Garden, Dhaka, Bangladesh predicated on record books from 2012 to 2016. A total of 330 surgically affected animals were recorded. The overall occurrence of surgical affections was higher in Bovidae (34.85%) followed by Cervidae (25.45%), Equidae (13.94%), Cercopithecidae (10.61%), Giraffidae (4.85%), Elephantidae (4.55%) Hippopotamidae (4%), Rhinocerotidae (1.52%) and Macropodidae (0.61%). In this study, it is found a higher occurrence of surgically affected are male than female animals. The overall occurrence in male was 56.36% and those in female, it was 43.64%. In terms of different affections, the highest occurrence was wound (13.03% male, 16.67% female) and followed by lameness (14.55% in male, 11.82% in female), skin lesions (9.39% in male, 6.67% in female), myiasis (5.76% in male, 3.33% in female), Horn fracture 3.33% (Only in male), arthritis (2.42% male, 1.52% female), hoof injury (1.82% male, 1% female), abscess (1.52% male, 1.21% female), sore (0.61% male, 2.12% female), Fracture (1.21% male, 0.3% female), Paralysis (0.61% male, 0.3% female) and Corneal opacity (0.61% male, 0.3% female). This report may help to develop control strategies against major surgical affections reported in this study.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.5(2): 209-214, August 2018

scholarly journals A retrospective study on the occurrence of surgical affection in zoo carnivores of the national zoological garden at Dhaka, Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaied Talukder ◽  
Nazmul Hoda ◽  
Pankaj Kumar Jha ◽  
Pravin Mishra ◽  
Moumita Kalowar Momy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Zoological Garden ◽  
Skin Injury ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Zoo Animals ◽  
The Common

This study was carried out to investigate the occurrence of various surgical affections often encountered in carnivorous zoo animals of National Zoological Garden, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The study was based on the surgical cases reported in the day record book maintained by the zoo authority during the period of January - December 2012 to January - December 2016. Of 74 surgically affected zoo carnivore’s cases; Felididae recorded highest 81.08 %, Canidae 12.61 % and, Ursidae 6.76 %. When affections were compared between sexes, it was observed higher in male 62.16 % than in female 37.84 %. Among the different surgical affections; the wound cases were observed at the apex with 29.7 % and 18.9 %, followed by paralysis 10.08 % and 6.8 %, skin injury 9.5 % and 6.8 %, myiasis 4.1 % and 2.7 %, lameness 2.7 % and 4.1 % in male and female, respectively. While, tail sore 1.4 %, conjunctivitis 1.4 % and hoof injury 1.4 % were observed in male carnivores only. In conclusion, this report signifies the common surgical affections suffered by zoo carnivores, while male carnivores showed comparatively more prone to affections than female one. This report may be helpful to develop a control strategy in managing zoo animal captivity and further minimizing these surgical affections. Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.5(3): 335-339, December 2018

scholarly journals Insight into One Health Approach: Endoparasite Infections in Captive Wildlife in Bangladesh

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 250
Author(s):  
Tilak Chandra Nath ◽  
Keeseon S. Eom ◽  
Seongjun Choe ◽  
Shahadat Hm ◽  
Saiful Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
One Health ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Limited Resource ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cox1 Gene ◽  
Parasite Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Zoo Animals ◽  
Health Concept ◽  
Control Knowledge

Introduction: Endoparasites in captive wildlife might pose a threat to public health; however, very few studies have been conducted on this issue, and much remains to be learned, especially in limited-resource settings. This study aimed to investigate endoparasites of captive wildlife in Bangladesh. Perception and understanding of veterinarians regarding one health and zoonoses were also assessed. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2019 to August 2020. A total of 45 fecal samples from 18 different species of wild animals (i.e., 11 species of mammals: herbivores, carnivores, and omnivores, six birds, and a single reptile species) were collected randomly. Parasitological assessments were done by modified formalin ether sedimentation technique and rechecked by Sheather’s sugar floatation technique. Molecular identification of Spirometra spp. was conducted by amplifying the cytochrome c oxidase 1 (cox1) gene. Questionnaire surveys among 15 veterinarians and an in-depth interview (IDI) with a zoo officer were conducted. Results: Helminths (Spirometra sp., Capillaria sp., Ascaridia/Heterakis, opisthorchiid, strongyles, acuariid, hookworms, roundworms, and unidentified nematode larvae) and protozoa (coccidian oocyst) were identified, and the overall prevalence was 48.9% (22/45). The cox1 sequences (341 bp) of the Bangladesh-origin Spirometra species from lion showed 99.3–99.7% similarity to the reference sequences of Spirometra decipiens (GenBank No: KJ599679.1; MT122766). The majority of study participants (86.6%) agreed about the importance of endoparasite control in zoo animals, and 73.3% expressed that the one health concept should be promoted in Bangladesh. Only 6.7% of veterinarians perceived confidence in diagnosing parasitic diseases and preventing antiparasiticidal resistance. Conclusions: In the present survey, we found a considerable prevalence of endoparasites in captive wildlife. For the first time, zoonotically important S. decipiens from lion was molecularly characterized in Bangladesh. Veterinarian training is required to improve parasite control knowledge and practice. This study highlights the need for routine parasitological assessment, promotion of one health, and improvement of the implementation of current parasite control strategies in zoo animals.

Pemphigus foliaceus in Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx)

2021 ◽  
pp. 030098582110305
Author(s):  
Jeffrey B. Curtiss ◽  
Michelle Lewis ◽  
Emily P. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Pemphigus Foliaceus ◽  
Arid Environments ◽  
Zoological Garden ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Arabian Oryx ◽  
Tail Tip

Pemphigus foliaceus (PF) is an autoimmune acantholytic skin disease described in humans, dogs, cats, horses, goats, and sheep. From 2003 to 2016, six Arabian oryx ( Oryx leucoryx) at the National Zoological Garden in Pretoria, South Africa, developed progressive, bilaterally symmetrical, hyperkeratotic skin lesions and pustules consistent with PF. Lesions were similar to those observed in domestic animals and primarily affected the pinnae, face and nasal planum, distal legs, and tail tip. Histological evaluation of suspect PF skin lesions in affected animals, evaluation of medical records for treatments received, causative agents in the diet and environment, and special stains for infectious organisms yielded no consistent inciting cause. The Arabian oryx is a species highly adapted to arid environments of the desert and has recently survived from a severe genetic bottleneck; both of these factors may have contributed to the development of PF in these animals.

scholarly journals The state of cancer in Meru, Kenya: a retrospective study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Francis Kobia ◽  
Jesse Gitaka ◽  
Francis Makokha ◽  
Moses Kamita ◽  
Joshua Kibera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Stomach Cancer ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
The State ◽  
Cancer Type ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Low Middle Income Countries ◽  
Cancer Rates

Background: It is projected that by 2030, 70% of all cancer related deaths will occur in low-middle income countries. However, data on the state of cancer in most African countries is scanty. Cancer estimates for Kenya are based on the Nairobi and Eldoret cancer registries, leaving most parts of the country unrepresented. Lacking national coverage, these data do not accurately reflect Kenya’s cancer burden. The paucity of reliable data impedes formulation of effective cancer control strategies and cancer research prioritization. Here, we report the findings of a retrospective study of the cancer state in Meru County, Kenya. Methods: A retrospective analysis of patient files at Meru hospice was carried out. 2349 cancer cases seen at the Meru hospice between 2003 and 2018 were analyzed. Data abstracted from the records included patient age, gender and cancer type. The abstracted data was analyzed by descriptive statistics. Results: Our results indicate that cancer is almost evenly distributed across genders, with men accounting for 49% and women 51%. Stomach cancer rates are strikingly elevated and equal to those in countries with the highest stomach cancer rates globally – making it the commonest cancer in this region (14%). Among men, the most common cancers affect the prostate (18%), stomach (17%), esophagus (14%), head & neck (12%), liver (8%) and colorectum (5%). Among women, the commonest are cancers of the breast (22%), cervix (20%), stomach (11%), esophagus (8%), head & neck (6%) and liver (5%). Breast cancer occurs at a notably early age, with 20% of those affected aged below 40. Lung cancer rates are notably low in this region (1.3%) relative to world estimates. Conclusion: Cancer distribution in Meru is nearly even between sexes. Our analysis suggests that the Meru region is a stomach cancer hotspot and that it also experiences elevated esophageal cancer levels.

Retrospective Study on Fatal Melioidosis in Captive Zoo Animals in Thailand

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. e389-e394 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kasantikul ◽  
A. Sommanustweechai ◽  
K. Polsrila ◽  
W. Kongkham ◽  
C. Chaisongkram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Zoo Animals

Retrospective study of papulonodular skin lesions and their clinopathological correlation

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 612
Author(s):  
Rupali Patil ◽  
Mehul Makdani ◽  
Asha Gunjalia ◽  
Karan Gandhi ◽  
Harshid Patel
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Skin Lesions

scholarly journals Childhood corneal blindness: a retrospective study in a tertiary eye hospital of eastern region of Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-22
Author(s):  
Paras Panjiyar ◽  
Vijay Gautam ◽  
Pooja Gautam Rai ◽  
Lila Raj Puri
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Corneal Opacity ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Corneal Disease ◽  
Pediatric Department ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Corneal Blindness ◽  
One Year ◽  
Patient Department

Introduction: Studies from Nepal show that most of the cases of unilateral childhood blindness are due to corneal causes. It was also observed that these corneal causes were mostly preventable or treatable. Objective: to study the patterns of corneal diseases in a pediatric out-patient department of a hospital in the eastern region of Nepal. Methods: A retrospective study of the patients who presented to the pediatric department of our hospital in the year 2014 was done with the help of the data received from the hospital recording system. Detail examination of every case was done in the out-patient-department of the hospital by pediatric ophthalmologists. Patients with only corneal disease were included, and those with corneal disease along with other ocular disease were excluded from the study. Results: Of 20,250 patients examined in the pediatric department over a one year period, 1911(9.4%) presented with isolated corneal problems. Keratitis and corneal ulcer were found in 47.8% of them. Corneal trauma was present in 5.6% and vitamin A deficiency leading to corneal opacity and keratomalacia was seen in 0.06% of the cases. Corneal blindness was observed in 66 eyes (bilateral in 3 cases). No case of trachoma or congenital corneal disease was observed. Conclusion: Childhood corneal blindness is mostly due to preventable and treatable causes. Nepal J Ophthalmol 2016; 8(15): 18-22

Clinical Recognition of Melanoma in Dermatologists and Nondermatologists

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 532-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal J. Martinka ◽  
Richard I. Crawford ◽  
Shannon Humphrey
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
General Practitioners ◽  
Family Physicians ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Training And Education ◽  
Clinical Diagnoses ◽  
Pathology Reports ◽  
Better Than

Background: The incidence of melanoma is increasing annually in Canada. Objectives: This retrospective study was designed to assess the ability of physicians of different specialties to accurately recognize melanoma. Methods: Pathology reports of biopsies submitted to Vancouver Coastal Health with clinical diagnoses of melanoma were reviewed (January to July 2013). The clinical diagnoses made by dermatologists, general practitioners and family physicians, and all other specialists were correlated with the final histopathologic diagnoses. Results: The dermatologists, general practitioners and family physicians, and all other specialists achieved diagnostic accuracies of 24.75%, 3.52%, and 12.75%, respectively. Conclusions: Although the diagnostic accuracy of dermatologists was significantly better than that the other practitioners, the majority of patients with suspicious skin lesions present to family physicians or general practitioners first. Thus, there is considerable value in providing more training and education to nondermatologists, because it can have a meaningful impact on patient care.

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