Audit of Typical Prescription Format Among the Prescribers of a Garment Medical Centre in Bangladesh

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 07-12
Author(s):  
Mohammad Afsan ◽  
Muhammad Mahbubul Alam ◽  
Nushrat Noor ◽  
Abul Kalam Mohyammad Yousuf ◽  
MM Ekramul Haque
Keyword(s):  
Dosage Form ◽  
Essential Medicine ◽  
Drug Dosage ◽  
Medical Centre ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Garment Workers ◽  
Common Diagnosis ◽  
Drug Dosage Form

Objective: To audit the typical prescription or general format according to WHO guidelines for good prescription writing.Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted after collecting data from medical records to observe standard of prescriptions and identify factors underlying inappropriate prescription writing.Place and period of study: A total of 300 prescriptions of the patients (garment workers) who had attended in Hannan Textile and Garment Medical Centre, Board Bazar, Dhaka, Bangladesh in between January and November’2008 were considered for analysis. Results: Audit of the prescription pattern revealed that most of the prescriptions did not conform to the pattern of a typical prescription. The patient’s identity was mentioned in all prescriptions (100%). Date of the prescription and superscription symbol (Rx) were also mentioned in all prescriptions (100%). Inscription which includes name of the drug, dosage form and total amount of medication prescribed was mentioned in all prescriptions (100%) but dose and duration of treatment were mentioned in 66% and 70% prescriptions respectively. In this study, about 91.67% instructions to the pharmacist and 50% special instructions to the patient regarding the dosage form and total amount to be dispensed were found adequately. Almost 100% of the prescriptions adequately mentioned the dosage schedules and also precautions/warnings about the drug therapy. Almost 100% of the prescriptions were signed by the doctors mentioning their full name, address with qualification and registration number. But telephone/mobile number of the doctors was not found in all prescriptions (100%). Most common diagnosis among garment workers was ARI (19.33%). Most commonly prescribed group of drug was antiulcerent (17.13%) and most commonly prescribed antibiotic was amoxicillin (13.67%). Most of the drugs were prescribed in oral form (97.77%). No single drug interaction (0%) was found in any prescription. The fixed dose-drug combinations (FDCs) accounted for 67% drugs prescribed. The most commonly FDC was multivitamin and multimineral which was not included in essential medicine list (EML).Conclusion: Large numbers of prescriptions did not conform to ideal pattern and lack in their rationality. This study revealed a lot of scope for educating the prescribers to improve prescribing practices.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/updcj.v1i2.13979 Update Dent. Coll. j. 2011: 1(2): 07-12

Spectrophotometric Methods for Simultaneous Determination of Sofosbuvir and Ledipasvir (HARVONI Tablet): Comparative Study with Two Generic Products

2017 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 976-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisreen F Abo-Talib ◽  
Mohamed R El-Ghobashy ◽  
Marwa H Tammam
Keyword(s):  
Dosage Form ◽  
Drug Dosage ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Drug Dosage Form ◽  
Generic Products ◽  
Third Derivative ◽  
Combination Pill

Abstract Sofosbuvir and ledipasvir are the first drugs in a combination pill to treat chronic hepatitis C virus. Simple, sensitive, and rapid spectrophotometric methods are presented for the determination of sofosbuvir and ledipasvir in their combined dosage form. These methods were based on direct measurement of ledipasvir at 333 nm (due to the lack of interference of sofosbuvir) over a concentration range of 4.0–14.0 µg/mL, with a mean recovery of 100.78 ± 0.64%. Sofosbuvir was determined, without prior separation, by third-derivative values at 281 nm; derivative ratio values at 265.8 nm utilizing 5.0 µg/mL ledipasvir as a divisor; the ratio difference method using values at 270 and 250 nm using 5.0 µg/mL ledipasvir as a divisor; and the ratio subtraction method using values at 261 nm. These methods were found to be linear for sofosbuvir over a concentration range of 5.0–35.0 µg/mL. The suggested methods were validated according to International Conference on Harmonization guidelines. Statistical analysis of the results showed no significant difference between the proposed methods and the manufacturer's LC method of determination with respect to accuracy and precision. These methods were used to compare the equivalence of an innovator drug dosage form and two generic drug dosage forms of the same strength.

scholarly journals A PROSPECTIVE STUDY ON ANTIMICROBIAL UTILIZATION PATTERN IN OUTPATIENT DEPARTMENT AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, PUNE, INDIA.

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Sarang A Deshmukh ◽  
Yashasvi Agarwal ◽  
Harshita Hiran ◽  
Uma Bhosale
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Essential Medicine ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Oral Dosage ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Prescribing Practices ◽  
Cross Sectional

 Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate antimicrobial prescription pattern in outpatient departments.Method: This was a prospective, cross-sectional and observational study over 12 weeks total 400 prescriptions of either gender and age; containing antimicrobial agents (AMAs) were analyzed for demographic data and the WHO prescribing indicators.Results: Most of prescription were given to men (n=262). The most common group of AMA used was Cephalosporins (n=141, 35.25%); of which Ceftriaxone was most commonly prescribed (n=73, 18.25%). 10 AMAs were from the WHO essential medicine list AMAs. Men outnumbered women in prescribing antibiotics (n=262 vs. 138). Most of AMAs receivers were between 26 and 35 years (n=128, 32%). Amoxicillin+Clavulanic acid fixed-dose combination was most common (n=84, 21%). Most of the prescriptions were containing four drugs per prescriptions (n=130, 32.5%). Only 10% of the prescription was given by generic name and rest 90% were given by brand name. Oral dosage form of AMAs was predominant (n=340, 85%). Vitamins and supplement were most common comedication received by patients.Conclusion: Antibiotic use was found to be reasonable and rational in most of the cases. However, still, prescribers should improve prescribing practices and make it more rational.

scholarly journals OBSERVING DRUG UTILIZATION TRENDS OF ANALGESICS IN INDOOR SURGICAL PATIENTS IN TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
VIDISHA VIVEK PARULEKAR ◽  
VANDANA AVINASH BADAR
Keyword(s):  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Essential Medicine ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Surgical Pain ◽  
Controller General ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

Objectives: The objectives of the study were to evaluate and compare the utilization pattern of analgesic use in pre-operative, intraoperative, and post-operative wards of different surgical specialties. Methods: It was a prospective, cross-sectional, and observational study done for a period of 1 year and the data were obtained from case sheets of 386 patients admitted in surgical wards of the. Data were analyzed according to demography, type of surgery, and the WHO prescribing indicators. The percentage of analgesic prescribed from an essential medicine list or National list of essential medicine (NLEM), common analgesics, and fixed dose combinations (FDC) used in surgery, gynecology, ENT, and orthopedic wards in preoperatively, intraoperatively, and postoperatively, was assessed and the amounts of drugs consumed were converted into the number of daily defined dose (DDD) as per the 2010 version of ATC/DDD index. Results and Discussion: The female to male ratio of 1.21 and most of patients were in the category of middle-aged adults (49%). On the evaluation of WHO prescribing parameters, it was seen the average number of analgesics prescribed per prescription was 1.26, percentage of injectable analgesics and analgesics prescribed from NLEM were 81.09% and 90.64%, respectively. Perioperatively, injection diclofenac sodium was the most commonly used analgesic and its DDD was 460. The most common FDC used perioperatively was aceclofenac 325mg+serratiopeptidase 15 mg (5.04%) and Drug Controller General of India and the WHO approved FDCs were 80.28% and 75.53%, respectively. Conclusion: It is necessary to determine the prevalence and severity of post-surgical pain and implementation of standardized pain evaluation and treatment protocols which improve the post-operative patient care in the hospital setting.

The characteristics of novel dosage forms

2003 ◽  
Vol 57 (10) ◽  
pp. 424-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jela Milic-Askrabic ◽  
Slobodan Petrovic
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Active Substance ◽  
Dosage Form ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Drug Dosage ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Material Development ◽  
Conventional Drug ◽  
Drug Dosage Form

The objective of pharmaceutical-technological development is to find a procedure of transforming an active substance (a drug) into a drug dosage form which is not only acceptable for application, but also enables the active substance to be released following administration, pursuant to therapy objectives. The aim is that the concentration of the active substance in the action location rapidly reaches a therapeutic level and maintains an approximately constant level in the course of a particular time, according to the established therapeutic goal. The primary objective is to present the active ingredient (drug) in the form and concentration/quantity that enables the corresponding therapeutic response, i.e. to control the site and rate of medicinal substance release from the drug, as well as the rate at which it reaches the membranes and surfaces to which it is absorbed, while applying a common method of administration. The procedures used to achieve this goal are becoming highly complex and demanding and are aiming at sophisticated drug delivery systems and functional packaging material. Development from the existing drug molecule, through the conventional drug dosage form, to a new system of drug "delivery" (novel delivery system), can improve the drug (active substance) characteristics significantly in view of compliance (acceptability by the patient), safety and efficiency. The paper presents an overview of the most important examples of pharmaceutical forms with controlled release and advanced drug "carriers".

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