scholarly journals Fungus gnats (Diptera: Sciaroidea) associated with dead wood and wood growing fungi: new rearing data from Finland and Russian Karelia and general analysis of known larval microhabitats in Europe

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jevgeni Jakovlev
Keyword(s):  
Dead Wood ◽  
General Analysis ◽  
Slime Moulds ◽  
Fungus Gnats ◽  
Fungus Gnat ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Ascomycete Fungi ◽  
First Time ◽  
Russian Karelia ◽  
Basidiomycete Fungi

In this contribution new rearing records of fungus gnats from poorly studied larval microhabitats are presented. From 61 species of wood growing Basidiomycete fungi, 6 species of Ascomycete fungi and slime moulds most of which had not previously been the subject of rearing studies, and from dead wood samples with fungalmyceliamade over a period of 1994–2009 in Finland and Russian Karelia, 110 species of fungus gnats were obtained, 98 of them from identified fungi. Of these for 12 species fungal hosts were formerly unknown and for 30 species larval microhabitats have been discovered for the first time. Numbers of fungus gnat species with known larval microhabitats (a total of 498 species that comprises 45.4% of the European fauna) and numbers of known fungal hosts (some 650 species of macrofungi) are calculated and categorized based on this study and previous records from Europe and East Palaearctic.

scholarly journals Boletina dispectoides sp.n. and six other species of fungus gnats (Diptera: Mycetophilidae) new to Finland

2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 211-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jevgeni Jakovlev ◽  
Jouni Penttinen
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dead Wood ◽  
General Distribution ◽  
Fungus Gnats ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Malaise Traps

Boletina dispectoides Jakovlev & Penttinen sp.n., a new species of the Boletina nitida group is described. In addition, six other species of fungus gnats are reported from Finland for the first time. Manota unifurcata Lundström, 1913 was reared from dead wood. Exechia bicincta Staeger, 1840, Mycetophila forcipata Lundström, 19 13, M. sumavica (Lastovka, 1963), Trichonta tristis (Strobl, 1898) and Sciophila plarisetosa Edwards, 1921 were caught by pit-fall and Malaise traps in southern and central Finland. Detailed information on Finnish records as well as data on the general distribution of the species and their larval microhabitats is given.

scholarly journals A contribution towards checklist of fungus gnats (Diptera, Diadocidiidae, Ditomyiidae, Bolitophilidae, Keroplatidae, Mycetophilidae) in Georgia, Transcaucasia

ZooKeys ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1026 ◽  
pp. 69-142
Author(s):  
Olavi Kurina
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Parametric Methods ◽  
Fungus Gnats ◽  
Fungus Gnat ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Western Palaearctic ◽  
First Time ◽  
Non Parametric

The fungus gnats of Georgia are studied based on 2682 specimens collected from 57 localities during 2011–2019. Altogether, 245 species are recorded including four species of Bolitophilidae, three species of Diadocidiidae, two species of Ditomyiidae, 34 species of Keroplatidae and 202 species of Mycetophilidae. 230 and 188 species are recorded from Georgia and the whole of Transcaucasia for the first time, respectively. Three new species – Sciophila georgei sp. nov., Leia katae sp. nov. and Anatella metae sp. nov. – are described including detailed illustrations of the male terminalia. Photographs are provided for an additional 38 species to highlight a variability of their general facies. Combined with earlier published data, the number of fungus gnat species in Georgia is set at 246. The estimated diversity of fungus gnats in Georgia is calculated using non-parametric methods and discussed with respect to other Western Palaearctic regions.

Species-specific male pollinators found for three native New Zealand greenhood orchids (Pterostylis spp.) suggest pollination by sexual deception

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liezl Thalwitzer ◽  
Dave Kelly ◽  
Rob D. Smissen ◽  
Ruth Butler ◽  
David M. Suckling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Sex Pheromones ◽  
Breeding Systems ◽  
Fungus Gnats ◽  
Fungus Gnat ◽  
Sexually Deceptive Orchids ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Pollination Strategy ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
First Time

Many orchids achieve pollination by deceptive means. Sexually deceptive orchids are pollinated by male insects, which are lured to flowers that mimic the sex pheromones and/or appearance of their female conspecifics. This specialised pollination strategy was recently confirmed for the first time in a Pterostylis species in Australia. We investigated whether this pollination strategy may also be operating in Pterostylis species in New Zealand where generalised plant–insect pollination strategies are most commonly documented. The breeding systems of Pterostylis oliveri Petrie and Pterostylis irsoniana Hatch were investigated in the field with pollination treatments. Sticky traps were set up over flowering P. oliveri, P. irsoniana and Pterostylis venosa Colenso to catch potential pollinators of the flowers. Insects caught carrying orchid pollinia were identified, and the pollinia were identified to plant species with nuclear rDNA internal transcribed spacer (nrDNA ITS) sequences. Both P. oliveri and P. irsoniana were found to be self-compatible, but dependent on insects for pollination. Pollinia from each of the three Pterostylis spp. were found to be carried species-specifically by male fungus gnats (Diptera: Mycetophilidae): only Mycetophila latifascia fungus gnats carried the pollinia of P. oliveri, Morganiella fusca gnats carried the pollinia of P. irsoniana, and Tetragoneura sp. carried the pollinia of P. venosa. The pollinator specificity indicates that each of the male fungus gnat species was attracted to the flowers of a specific Pterostylis orchid. This strongly suggests that each of the orchid species emit a specific floral volatile, most probably resembling the sex pheromones of the female conspecifics, to lure their male pollinators. These are the first documented cases of highly specialised sexually deceptive pollination in New Zealand orchids, which were thought to be predominantly self-pollinating.

scholarly journals New species of fungus gnats (Diptera: Mycetophilidae) from the Kivach Nature Reserve, Russian Karelia

1995 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 185-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Zaitzev ◽  
Alexei Polevoi
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Male Genitalia ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Fungus Gnats ◽  
Palearctic Region ◽  
First Time ◽  
Russian Karelia

Eleven new species of fungus gnats are described from Kivach Nature Reserve, Russian Karelia: Mycomya indistincta Polevoi sp.n., Boletina triangularis Polevoi sp.n., B. minuta Polevoi sp.n., B. populina Polevoi sp.n., B. onegensis Polevoi sp.n., Allodia vernalis Polevoi sp.n., Brevicornu neofasciculatum A. Zaitzev sp.n., B. setigerum A. Zaitzev sp.n., B. parafennicum A. Zaitzev sp.n., Dynatosoma dihaeta Polevoi sp.n., Phronia myrtilli Polevoi sp.n. Illustrations of male genitalia and ecological data are provided. Brevi cornu improvisum A. Zaitzev is recorded for the first time from the Palearctic region.

СОЦИАЛЬНАЯ КОНФЛИКТОЛОГИЯ: ТЕОРЕТИКО-ИСТОРИЧЕСКИЙ АСПЕКТ

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
А. Н. Сухов
Keyword(s):  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Important Task ◽  
Social Conflicts ◽  
Psychological Approach ◽  
Structure Dynamics ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
First Time

This given article reveals the topicality not only of destructive, but also of constructive, as well as hybrid conflicts. Practically it has been done for the first time. It also describes the history of the formation of both foreign and domestic social conflictology. At the same time, the chronology of the development of the latter is restored and presented objectively, in full, taking into account the contribution of those researchers who actually stood at its origins. The article deals with the essence of the socio-psychological approach to understanding conflicts. The subject of social conflictology includes the regularities of their occurrence and manifestation at various levels, spheres and conditions, including normal, complicated and extreme ones. Social conflictology includes the theory and practice of diagnosing, resolving, and resolving social conflicts. It analyzes the difficulties that occur in defining the concept, structure, dynamics, and classification of social conflicts. Therefore, it is no accident that the most important task is to create a full-fledged theory of social conflicts. Without this, it is impossible to talk about effective settlement and resolution of social conflicts. Social conflictology is an integral part of conflictology. There is still a lot of work to be done, both in theory and in application, for its complete design. At present, there is an urgent need to develop conflict-related competence not only of professionals, but also for various groups of the population.

Thermodynamics in Geochemistry

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg M. Anderson ◽  
David A. Crerar
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Experience ◽  
Graduate Level ◽  
Years Of Teaching Experience ◽  
The Subject ◽  
First Time

This textbook and reference outlines the fundamental principles of thermodynamics, emphasizing applications in geochemistry. The work is distinguished by its comprehensive, balanced coverage and its rigorous presentation. The authors bring years of teaching experience to the work, and have attempted to particularly address those areas where other texts on the subject have provided inadequate coverage. A thorough review of the necessary mathematics is presented early on, both as a refresher for those with a background in university calculus, and for the benefit of those coming to the subject for the first time. The text is written for students in advanced undergraduate or graduate-level geochemistry as well as for all researchers in this field.

Anisotropic Elasticity

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. T. C. Ting
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Elastic Constants ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Anisotropic Materials ◽  
Anisotropic Elasticity ◽  
Stress Singularities ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Key Topics ◽  
First Time

Anisotropic Elasticity offers for the first time a comprehensive survey of the analysis of anisotropic materials that can have up to twenty-one elastic constants. Focusing on the mathematically elegant and technically powerful Stroh formalism as a means to understanding the subject, the author tackles a broad range of key topics, including antiplane deformations, Green's functions, stress singularities in composite materials, elliptic inclusions, cracks, thermo-elasticity, and piezoelectric materials, among many others. Well written, theoretically rigorous, and practically oriented, the book will be welcomed by students and researchers alike.

scholarly journals Enhanced Control of the Fungus Gnat Bradysia odoriphaga (Diptera: Sciaridae) by Co-Application of Clothianidin and Hexaflumuron

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 571
Author(s):  
Yongqing Wang ◽  
Kai Wan ◽  
Ruifei Wang ◽  
Jiyingzi Wu ◽  
Ruiquan Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Residue Limit ◽  
Control Efficacy ◽  
Codex Alimentarius ◽  
Codex Alimentarius Commission ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Fungus Gnat ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
First Time

The fungus gnat is a major pest of chive in China. Its control has been relied heavily on the application of clothianidin. Due to the intensive application, its control efficacy become reduced. The present study was intended to evaluate co-drenching of clothianidin with hexaflumuron on absorption and dissipation of clothianidin in chive plants and soils and determine the effect of such application on control efficacies. Chive production fields in Guangdong and Hubei Provinces were drenched with clothianidin alone and a mixture of clothianidin and hexaflumuron at low application rates. Concentrations of clothianidin in chive plants and soils were analyzed by HPLC. Results showed that co-application had higher control efficacies against the fungus gnat than clothianidin alone. The co-application enhanced clothianidin absorption and dissipation and extended the half-lives of clothianidin in chive. It was likely that hexaflumuron protected chive roots from larva damage, and healthy roots absorbed more clothianidin, resulting in the extension of the half-lives. Additionally, the terminal residues of clothianidin in chive after 14 days of application were lower than the maximum residue limit in chive set by the Codex Alimentarius Commission. This study for the first time documented that co-application of clothianidin and hexaflumuron improved chive plants in absorption and dissipation of clothianidin and enhanced fungus gnat control efficacies.

scholarly journals Per Ravenna trecentesca: nuove proposte per l’assetto architettonico di Santa Maria in Porto Fuori

2019 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-31
Author(s):  
Fabio Massaccesi
Keyword(s):  
Fourteenth Century ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
The Subject ◽  
First Time ◽  
Santa Maria ◽  
Second World ◽  
The Church

Abstract This contribution intends to draw attention to one of the most significant monuments of medieval Ravenna: the church of Santa Maria in Porto Fuori, which was destroyed during the Second World War. Until now, scholars have focused on the pictorial cycle known through photographs and attributed to the painter Pietro da Rimini. However, the architecture of the building has not been the subject of systematic studies. For the first time, this essay reconstructs the fourteenth-century architectural structure of the church, the apse of which was rebuilt by 1314. The data that led to the virtual restitution of the choir and the related rood screen are the basis for new reflections on the accesses to the apse area, on the pilgrimage flows, and on the view of the frescoes.

Offshore Claims and Problems in the North Sea

1965 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Young
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Geneva Convention ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
The North ◽  
Legal Problems ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
The Subject ◽  
First Time ◽  
Economic Considerations

The possible presence of very large petroleum and natural gas reserves in the area beneath the North Sea is currently the subject of intense investigation. If confirmed, as seems likely in at least some localities, this occurrence will raise legal problems of considerable interest and complexity. For the North Sea is not merely an oilfield covered by water: for centuries it has been one of the world's major fishery regions and the avenue to and from the world's busiest seaports. Thus all three of the present principal uses of the sea—fishing, navigation, and the exploitation of submarine resources—promise to meet for the first time on a large scale in an area where all are of major importance. The process of reconciling the various interests at stake will provide the first thoroughgoing test of the adequacy and acceptability of the general principles laid down in the 1958 Geneva Convention on the Continental Shelf and should add greatly to the practice and precedents available in this developing branch of the law. In the present article an attempt is made to review some of the geographical and economic considerations involved in the North Sea situation, to note some of the technical and legal developments that have already taken place, and to consider these elements in the light of the various interests and legal principles concerned.

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