scholarly journals Towards sustainable plant production - carbon sequestration and soil life in arable farming: Farm level comparison between England and Finland in No-till production

2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Jussi Knaapi
Keyword(s):  
Clay Soil ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Farm Level ◽  
No Till ◽  
Arable Farming ◽  
Heavy Clay

Conservation Agriculture, No-till in this farm level case study, is largely adopted in dry or erosion prone conditions. The need to utilize sustainable production methods has also become a very important topic in conditions where conventional tillage and practices have been used. There are several reasons for this like: Economical pressures, environmental causes and EU regulations. To be able to learn and compare how the same common problems are solved, we have started a two dimension Farm level Case study between England and Finland. We have chosen as similar as possible conditions and farm types. Both farms are located on heavy clay soil, with relatively low annual rainfall. In both areas plow culture is still dominant and no-till considered difficult due to very heavy clay soil with low organic matter.

scholarly journals SOCIOECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF NO-TILL IN WHEAT CROPPING SYSTEM: A CASE STUDY IN ALGERIA

New Medit ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amar Rouabhi ◽  
Abdelmalek Laouar ◽  
Abdelhamid Mekhlouk ◽  
Boubaker Dhehibi
Keyword(s):  
North Africa ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Work Time ◽  
System A ◽  
No Till

This paper aimed at the socioeconomic appraisal of two cropping systems namely no-till and tilled wheat in Sétif region (Algeria). The study based on a sample of 28 adherent farms in an international project of Conservation Agriculture adoption for smallholders in North Africa. Economic diagnosis showed that no-till system performed best with a gross margin difference of $ 84/ha in comparison with conventional tilled wheat. Moreover, no-till recorded less work time and fuel consumption, with 241minutes/ha and 42 liters/ha against 624 minutes/ha and 99 liters/ha for conventional tillage. Though, no-till still faced some local social and technical constraints that are relatively easy to overcome. If Algeria put forward its best efforts through increasing no-till in the suitable zones, many objectives could be achieved in the context of preserving natural resources and building up farming sustainability. It could be also a key solution for “Intended Nationally Determined Contribution” (INDCs) schemes to meet Algerian commitments regarding “Paris Agreement” on climate change.

scholarly journals Simulating the Capacity of Rainfed Food Crop Species to Meet Social Demands in Sudanian Savanna Agro-Ecologies

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 827
Author(s):  
Marcos Jiménez Martínez ◽  
Christine Fürst
Keyword(s):  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
West African ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Fuel Production ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Crop Models ◽  
No Till ◽  
Growing Conditions

West African land use systems have been experiencing one of the fastest transformations in the world over recent decades. The Sudanian savanna is an interesting example, as it hosts the cultivation of some crops typical of the Guinean savanna as well as some of the Sahel. Therefore, this region is likely to experience further changes in its crop portfolio over the next decades due to crop migration processes responding to environmental change. Simulation approaches can guide the development of agricultural production strategies that contribute to sustainably optimize both food and fuel production. This study used crop models already available in the APSIM platform to simulate plant production and the soil water and nutrient cycles of plots cultivated with groundnut, millet, sorghum, maize, and rice on three (two upland and one lowland) soil fertility classes and subjected to five levels of management (conventional tillage without residue incorporated to the soil and nor fertilizer application; conventional tillage without residue incorporated to the soil and 5 kg N ha−1; conventional tillage with residue incorporated to the soil 20 kg N ha−1, and no-till herbicide treated with 50 and 100 kg N ha−1). Simulation outputs were contrasted against data reported in the literature and converted into nutritional, fuel and feed yields based on the qualities and uses of their different plant comparments. Groundnut yields outperformed all of the cereals across most growing conditions, nutritional and feed indicators. Maize and rice provided the highest caloric yields, with the least fertile growing conditions. Sorghum provided average to high caloric and iron yields across all of the treatments. Millet provided the highest iron yields and high fuel yields across most treatments. Some simulated treatments could not be compared against literature review data because of their absence in actual cropping systems and the lack of experimental data. Plant production was simulated with higher accuracy than the other components of the simulation. In particular, there is a need to better parameterize and validate the rice, groundnut and millet models under Sudanian savanna conditions in order to perform more accurate comparative assessments among species.

scholarly journals Strip-Till One-Pass Technology in Central and Eastern Europe: A MZURI Pro-Til Hybrid Machine Case Study

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 925 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwona Jaskulska ◽  
Dariusz Jaskulski
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Plant Emergence

The non-inversion tillage systems, including strip-till (ST), are the key element of conservation agriculture (CA). The aim of the 2012–2018 study has been to demonstrate the application of strip-till one-pass technology (ST-OP) on the farms of Central and Eastern Europe based on the use of Mzuri Pro-Til machines. There has also been an evaluation of the effect of that technology on the soil properties and the effects of crops growing. The scientific observations and field experiments were made, e.g., in Poland, Ukraine, Lithuania, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, the Eastern states of Germany, Belarus, Serbia, and Romania. ST-OP case study with the use of Mzuri Pro-Til machine can be applied for growing all the basic crops. Tillage with a simultaneous basic fertilization application and seeding made regularly for a few years in given field leads to favorable changes in the soil properties. As compared with the soil under conventional plough tillage (CT), the soil moisture, especially in the periods of rainfall deficit, the content of organic carbon and its fraction, the count of microorganisms and earthworms, as well as the enzymatic activity, are higher. This technology saves over 20–30 L ha−1 of fuel, respectively, compared to reduced tillage (RT) and CT. Plant emergence is uniform, dense canopies and crop yields—not lower and even higher than for tillage and seeding commonly applied in Central and Eastern Europe. ST-OP can be thus an important element of field plant production as part of CA and sustainable development.

Evaluation of runoff and soil erosion under conventional tillage and no-till management: A case study in northeast Italy

CATENA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 197 ◽  
pp. 104972
Author(s):  
Laura Carretta ◽  
Paolo Tarolli ◽  
Alessandra Cardinali ◽  
Paolo Nasta ◽  
Nunzio Romano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
No Till

VILLAGE SURVEYS FOR TECHNOLOGY UPTAKE MONITORING: CASE OF TILLAGE DYNAMICS IN THE TRANS-GANGETIC PLAINS

2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
OLAF ERENSTEIN
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Technology Use ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Gangetic Plains ◽  
First Case ◽  
Northwest India

SUMMARYAgricultural research and development (R&D) would benefit from reliable yet cheap technology uptake indicators to guide decision making. The paper explores the use of village surveys to monitor technology use and illustrates this through two empirical case studies into tillage dynamics in the Trans-Gangetic Plains in northwest India. The first case study is a revisit of 50 communities surveyed earlier in Haryana State. The second case study is a new and wider representative sample of 120 villages across Haryana and Punjab States. The case studies illustrate that after an initial rapid spread of tractor-drawn zero tillage drills for wheat seeding in these intensive systems, the zero + reduced tillage area seems to have stabilized there at between a fifth and a quarter of the wheat area. Conventional tillage for wheat continues to decline, with an increased use of rotavators making up the difference – but its intensive shallow tillage goes against the conservation agriculture tenets. The paper illustrates the potential of village surveys to provide timely and cost-effective feedback to agricultural R&D.

Nitrous Oxide Emissions Respond Differently to No-Till in a Loam and a Heavy Clay Soil

2008 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 1363-1369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Rochette ◽  
Denis A. Angers ◽  
Martin H. Chantigny ◽  
Normand Bertrand
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽  
No Till ◽  
Heavy Clay

scholarly journals The apotheosis of conservation agriculture- A review

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Crop Residue ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Soil Disturbance ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Gangetic Plains ◽  
Minimal Impact ◽  
No Till ◽  
Residue Retention

This paper focuses on conservation agriculture (CA), defined as minimal soil disturbance (no-till) and crop residue retention (mulch) combined with crop rotations. The paper then describes the principles based on which CA runs with briefing suggested improvement on conservation tillage, where no-till, mulch and rotations significantly improve soil properties and other biotic factors. This paper also describes some cons of CA with its future strategies. A Case study from the rice-wheat areas of the Indo-Gangetic Plains of South Asia used to describe how CA practices have been used to raise production sustainably and profitably. Benefits in terms of greenhouse gas emissions and their effect on global warming are also discussed. The paper concludes that agriculture in the next decade will have to sustainably produce more food from less land through more efficient use of natural resources and with minimal impact on the environment in order to meet growing population demands. Promoting and adopting CA management systems can help meet this goal. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v11i2.19901 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 11(2): 241-248, 2013

Increasing corn yield with no-till cropping systems: a case study in South Dakota

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 568-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randy L. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
South Dakota ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Crop Diversity ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
No Till

AbstractNo-till practices have improved crop yields in the semiarid Great Plains. However, a recent assessment of research studies across the globe indicated that crop yields are often reduced by no-till. To understand this contrast, we examined corn yields across time in a no-till cropping system of one producer in central South Dakota to identify factors associated with increased yield. The producer started no-till in 1990; by 2013, corn yield increased 116%. In comparison, corn increased only 32% during this interval with a conventional, tillage-based system in a neighboring county. With no-till, corn yields increased in increments due to changes in management. For example, corn yield increased 52% when crop diversity in the rotation was expanded from 2 to 5 crops. A further 18% gain in yield occurred when dry pea was grown before corn in sequence. Nitrogen (N) requirement for corn is 25% lower in no-till compared with a tillage-based rotation. Furthermore, phosphorus (P) fertilizer input also has been reduced 30% after 20 yr of no-till, even with higher yields. Our case study shows that integrating no-till with crop diversity and soil microbial changes improves corn yield considerably. This integration also reduces need for inputs such as water, N and P.

scholarly journals Rain Erosion Maps for Wind Turbines Based on Geographical Locations: A Case Study in Ireland and Britain

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Pugh ◽  
M. M. Stack
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Wind Turbine Blades ◽  
Weather Patterns ◽  
The Uk

AbstractErosion rates of wind turbine blades are not constant, and they depend on many external factors including meteorological differences relating to global weather patterns. In order to track the degradation of the turbine blades, it is important to analyse the distribution and change in weather conditions across the country. This case study addresses rainfall in Western Europe using the UK and Ireland data to create a relationship between the erosion rate of wind turbine blades and rainfall for both countries. In order to match the appropriate erosion data to the meteorological data, 2 months of the annual rainfall were chosen, and the differences were analysed. The month of highest rain, January and month of least rain, May were selected for the study. The two variables were then combined with other data including hailstorm events and locations of wind turbine farms to create a general overview of erosion with relation to wind turbine blades.

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