Molecular Epidemiology of Human Astrovirus in Stool Samples From Patients With Acute Gastroenteritis in Korea, 2013?2017

Abstract Background Human astrovirus (HAstV) and sapovirus (SaV) are common pathogens that can cause acute gastroenteritis (AGE). However, very few studies have reported the molecular epidemiology and clinical information on HAstV and SaV in China. This study aims to determine the molecular epidemiology and clinical features of HAstV and SaV in patients with AGE in Guangzhou, China. Methods For this study, 656 patients with AGE were enrolled. Their stool samples were screened for 15 enteropathogens using Luminex xTAG® Gastrointestinal Pathogen Panel. HAstV and SaV were detected through an in-house multiplex reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction followed by phylogenetic analysis. We described and compared clinical features of AGE in patients with HAstV and SaV. Results Of the 656 stool samples, 63.72% (418/656) were found to be positive, with 550 enteropathogens (296 bacteria and 254 viruses). HAstV and SaV were detected in 20 (3.0%) and 12 (1.8%) samples, respectively. Four genotypes (genotypes 1, 2, 3, and 8) of HAstV and three genotypes (GI.1, GI.2 and GIV) of SaV were identified. Coinfection was observed in ten HAstV-positive and two SaV-positive samples. HAstV was more likely to occur in winter, while SaV in early spring. The median age of the patients with single HAstV infection was higher than that of the patients with other viruses (rotavirus, norovirus, and enteric adenovirus; P = 0.0476) and unknown etiology (P = 0.006). Coinfection with HAstV or SaV were not associated with disease severity (P > 0.05). Conclusion HAstV and SaV are the common causes of AGE in Guangzhou, China.

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ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS ASSOCIATED WITH NOROVIRUS GII.4 VARIANTS

Arquivos de Gastroenterologia ◽

10.1590/s0004-2803.201800000-67 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 55 (3) ◽

pp. 264-266 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Fabiana Lopes de PAULA ◽

Silvia Inês SARDI ◽

Dellane Martins TIGRE ◽

Flora Maria de Campos FERNANDES ◽

Gúbio Soares CAMPOS

Keyword(s):

Molecular Epidemiology ◽

New Orleans ◽

Acute Gastroenteritis ◽

Etiologic Agent ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Stool Samples ◽

Sequences Analysis ◽

Norovirus Gii ◽

The City ◽

Children Under 5

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Norovirus (NoV) is an important etiologic agent of acute gastroenteritis and infects individuals of all ages, especially children in Brazil and worldwide. NoV GII.4 was the most prevalent genotype worldwide because of your extensive genetic diversity. In Brazil, especially in the Northeast, few studies have been developed for identify and molecularly characterize NoV. OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to detect and describe the molecular epidemiology of NoV associated with acute gastroenteritis. METHODS: The viral RNA extracted from stool samples were subjected to Nested RT-PCR and the genotypes were determined by nucleotide sequences analysis. In total, 278 stool samples assisted at Aliança Hospital in the city of Salvador, with acute gastroenteritis were examined, between March 2009 and July 2012. RESULTS: A high NoV rate (54.2%) was identified in children under 5 years of age. We detected the circulation of different NoV GII.4 variants in Salvador, during the study period as Den Haag 2006b, New Orleans 2009 and Sydney 2012. CONCLUSION: These findings reinforce the need to study the molecular epidemiology of NoV infections in acute gastroenteritis.

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High divergence of human astrovirus genotypes circulating in pediatric patients hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis in Chiang Mai, Thailand, 2017 to 2020

10.21203/rs.3.rs-870222/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hongyu Wei ◽

Pattara Khamrin ◽

Kattareeya Kumthip ◽

Arpaporn Yodmeeklin ◽

Niwat Maneekarn

Keyword(s):

Molecular Epidemiology ◽

Acute Gastroenteritis ◽

Pediatric Patients ◽

Nucleotide Sequencing ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Chiang Mai ◽

Common Causes ◽

Human Astrovirus ◽

The Common ◽

Reference Sequences

Abstract ABSTRCT Human astrovirus (HAstV) is one of the common causes of acute gastroenteritis in children. The investigation of the molecular epidemiology of HAstV is essential for monitoring the emergence and/or re-emergence of new HAstV genotypes, as well as understanding the evolution of HAstV genotypes circulating in children suffering from acute gastroenteritis. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence and distribution of HAstV genotypes circulating in children < 5 years of age hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis in Chiang Mai, Thailand during 2017 to 2020. A total of 1,500 fecal specimens collected from children diagnosed with acute gastroenteritis during 2017 to 2020 were screened for HAstV by RT-PCR and identified by nucleotide sequencing. The obtained sequences were compared with the reference sequences retrieved from GenBank database and analysed by MEGA X software to assign their genotypes. Of 1,500 fecal samples, 39 (2.6%) were positive for HAstV. Of these, both classic and novel HAstV genotypes, including classic HAstV1-HAstV5, novel HAstV-MLB1, MLB2, and novel HAstV-VA2, were detected in this study. The data in this study revealed a wide variety of HAstV genotypes circulating in pediatric patients admitted to the hospitals with acute gastroenteritis in Chiang Mai, Thailand during 2017 to 2020.

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Molecular Epidemiology of Human Astrovirus Infection in Hospitalized Children with Acute Gastroenteritis

Korean Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition ◽

10.5223/kjpgn.2006.9.2.139 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 139 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Ju Young Chung ◽

Kyung Huh ◽

Sang Woo Kim ◽

Bo Mun Shin ◽

Tae Hee Han ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Epidemiology ◽

Acute Gastroenteritis ◽

Hospitalized Children ◽

Human Astrovirus

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High divergence of human astrovirus genotypes circulating in pediatric patients hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis in Chiang Mai, Thailand, 2017–2020

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-02745-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hongyu Wei ◽

Pattara Khamrin ◽

Kattareeya Kumthip ◽

Arpaporn Yodmeeklin ◽

Niwat Maneekarn

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Molecular Epidemiology ◽

Acute Gastroenteritis ◽

Pediatric Patients ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Chiang Mai ◽

Common Causes ◽

Human Astrovirus ◽

Partial Rdrp ◽

The Common

AbstractHuman astrovirus (HAstV) is one of the common causes of acute gastroenteritis in children. The investigation of molecular epidemiology of HAstV is essential for monitoring the emergence and/or re-emergence of new HAstV genotypes, as well as understanding the evolution of HAstV circulating in children suffering from acute gastroenteritis. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence and distribution of HAstVs strains circulating in children hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis in Chiang Mai, Thailand during 2017–2020. A total of 1500 fecal specimens collected from children with acute gastroenteritis were screened for HAstV by RT-PCR that targeted the partial RdRp in ORF1b and strains were characterized by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Of the 1500 fecal samples, 39 (2.6%) were positive for HAstV. Of these, both classic and novel HAstV genotypes, including classic HAstV1–HAstV5, novel HAstV-MLB1, MLB2, and HAstV-VA2, were detected. The data in this study revealed a high divergence of HAstV genotypes circulating in pediatric patients admitted to the hospitals with acute gastroenteritis in Chiang Mai, Thailand during 2017–2020.

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Molecular epidemiology and genetic diversity of norovirus infection in children with acute gastroenteritis in Bangladesh, 2014‐2019

Journal of Medical Virology ◽

10.1002/jmv.26772 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shuvra Kanti Dey ◽

Nadim Sharif ◽

Baki Billah ◽

Tanjir Tarek Ibn Siddique ◽

Tarequl Islam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Molecular Epidemiology ◽

Acute Gastroenteritis

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Human Astrovirus Outbreak in a Daycare Center and Propagation among Household Contacts

Viruses ◽

10.3390/v13061100 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 1100

Author(s):

Ignacio Parrón ◽

Elsa Plasencia ◽

Thais Cornejo-Sánchez ◽

Mireia Jané ◽

Cristina Pérez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Gastroenteritis ◽

Age Groups ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Daycare Center ◽

Infected People ◽

Conditioning Factors ◽

Household Contacts ◽

Human Astrovirus ◽

Asymptomatic Infections ◽

Clinical Cases

We investigated an outbreak of acute gastroenteritis due to human astrovirus in a daycare center, describing the transmission mechanism, the most affected age groups, conditioning factors and the extent of the outbreak among household contacts of the daycare center attenders. Data were collected from persons exposed at the daycare center and their home contacts. Fecal samples from affected and non-affected daycare center attenders were analyzed for viruses causing acute gastroenteritis by RT-PCR. The percentage of households affected and the attack rates (AR) were calculated. The attack rates were compared using the rate ratio (RR) with 95% confidence intervals. Information was obtained from 245 people (76 attenders and 169 contacts) of whom 49 were clinical cases. Five HAstV-4, two HAstV-8 and three non-typable HAstV cases were identified (six from clinical cases and four from asymptomatic infected people). The global AR was 20% (41.2% in children aged < 2 years). Data were obtained from 67 households: 20 households of affected attenders and 47 of non-affected attendees. Household contacts of affected attenders had a higher AR (74.3%) than that of non-affected attendees (2.4%). We found asymptomatic infections amongst daycare attendees. The transmission of HAstV during the outbreak was not limited to the daycare center but extended to household contacts of both affected and non-affected attenders.

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Molecular epidemiology of norovirus from patients with acute gastroenteritis in northwestern Spain

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268814000740 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 143 (2) ◽

pp. 316-324 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

C. F. MANSO ◽

J. L. ROMALDE

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Molecular Epidemiology ◽

Genetic Drift ◽

Acute Gastroenteritis ◽

Age Groups ◽

Capsid Gene ◽

High Prevalence ◽

High Incidence ◽

Northwestern Spain

SUMMARYThe high incidence of norovirus (NoV) infections seems to be related to the emergence of new variants that evolved by genetic drift of the capsid gene. In this work, that represents a first effort to describe the molecular epidemiology of NoV in the northwest of Spain, a total of eight different NoV genotypes (GII.1, GII.3, GII.4, GII.6, GII.7, GII.12, GII.13, GII.14) were detected. The major genotypes observed were GII.4 (45·42%) and GII.14 (34·9%), being detected in all age groups. In addition, and although most of GII.4 sequences belonged to 2006b (7·2%) and 2010 (50·35%) variants, the presence of new NoV variants was observed. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that a high number of GII.4 sequences (35·24%) could be assigned to the newly emerging Sydney 2012 variant, even during late 2010. The high prevalence of NoV GII.14 observed in this study may indicate the emergence of this genotype in Spain.

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Investigation of Children with Acute Gastroenteritis by Multiplex PCR Method in Central Part of Turkey

Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1740372 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Fatih Yılmaz ◽

Havva Kaya ◽

Mehmet Özdemir

Keyword(s):

Multiplex Pcr ◽

Acute Gastroenteritis ◽

Hospital Admissions ◽

Age Groups ◽

Viral Gastroenteritis ◽

Viral Agent ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

Stool Samples ◽

Pcr Method ◽

Norovirus Gii

Abstract Objective Gastroenteritis is a disease that affects all age groups, especially children, and causes high mortality and morbidity in all countries. The most common agents of acute gastroenteritis are viral agents. As a result, millions of diarrhea attacks and hospital admissions occur worldwide every year due to viral gastroenteritis. This study uses the multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method to investigate the viruses that are the causative agents of viral gastroenteritis in the pediatric patient group in Konya, Turkey. Methods Stool samples of 94 patients aged 0 to 18 years sent from Emergency clinics and Pediatric outpatient clinics, Meram Medical Faculty Hospital Pediatric clinics, Konya Necmettin Erbakan University to Medical Microbiology Laboratory with a diagnosis of gastroenteritis between February and December 2018 were included in the study. Stool samples were stored at –80°C until the time of the analysis. Deoxyribonucleic acid/ribonucleic acid isolation from stool samples was performed with EZ1 Virus Mini Kit v2.0 (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) using an automatic extraction system (BioRobot EZ1 system, Qiagen). The presence of astrovirus, rotavirus, adenovirus, norovirus (GI, GII), and sapovirus agents was investigated by the multiplex PCR method (Fast Track Diagnostics, Luxembourg) viral gastroenteritis kit. Results Viral gastroenteritis agents were detected in 56.3% of the patients. One viral agent was detected in 47 (50%) of these patients and at least two viral agents in 6 (6.3%) of them. Norovirus GII was detected in 20 (21.2%) of the children included in the study, adenovirus in 13 (13.8%), rotavirus in 11 (12.8%), astrovirus in 11 (11.7%), sapovirus in 4 (4.2%), and norovirus GI in 1 (1.06%). When the distribution of viral agents was examined by months, the most number of agents were observed (21; 35%) in May, followed by April and June (12; 20%). Considering the distribution of the prevalence of the agents by age, it was seen to be mainly between 0 and 12 months (42%). Conclusion Considering that the most common viral agent in our region is norovirus GII, it will be useful to investigate the norovirus that is not routinely examined in children who are admitted to clinics with the complaint of gastroenteritis. It will be appropriate to examine routinely adenovirus, rotavirus, and norovirus in the laboratory, especially in children with diarrhea and vomiting in the winter and spring months.

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