scholarly journals Detection and characterization of human astrovirus and sapovirus in outpatients with acute gastroenteritis in Guangzhou, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Luo ◽  
Jian-kai Deng ◽  
Xiao-ping Mu ◽  
Nan Yu ◽  
Xiaoyan Che
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Gastrointestinal Pathogen ◽  
Enteric Adenovirus ◽  
Human Astrovirus ◽  
Stool Samples

Abstract Background Human astrovirus (HAstV) and sapovirus (SaV) are common pathogens that can cause acute gastroenteritis (AGE). However, very few studies have reported the molecular epidemiology and clinical information on HAstV and SaV in China. This study aims to determine the molecular epidemiology and clinical features of HAstV and SaV in patients with AGE in Guangzhou, China. Methods For this study, 656 patients with AGE were enrolled. Their stool samples were screened for 15 enteropathogens using Luminex xTAG® Gastrointestinal Pathogen Panel. HAstV and SaV were detected through an in-house multiplex reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction followed by phylogenetic analysis. We described and compared clinical features of AGE in patients with HAstV and SaV. Results Of the 656 stool samples, 63.72% (418/656) were found to be positive, with 550 enteropathogens (296 bacteria and 254 viruses). HAstV and SaV were detected in 20 (3.0%) and 12 (1.8%) samples, respectively. Four genotypes (genotypes 1, 2, 3, and 8) of HAstV and three genotypes (GI.1, GI.2 and GIV) of SaV were identified. Coinfection was observed in ten HAstV-positive and two SaV-positive samples. HAstV was more likely to occur in winter, while SaV in early spring. The median age of the patients with single HAstV infection was higher than that of the patients with other viruses (rotavirus, norovirus, and enteric adenovirus; P = 0.0476) and unknown etiology (P = 0.006). Coinfection with HAstV or SaV were not associated with disease severity (P > 0.05). Conclusion HAstV and SaV are the common causes of AGE in Guangzhou, China.

scholarly journals Molecular Epidemiology of Human Astrovirus in Stool Samples From Patients With Acute Gastroenteritis in Korea, 2013?2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae-Seok Kim ◽  
Woon-Jeong Lee ◽  
Su-Kyung Lee ◽  
Eun Jin Lee ◽  
Jungwon Hyun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Human Astrovirus ◽  
Stool Samples

scholarly journals ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS ASSOCIATED WITH NOROVIRUS GII.4 VARIANTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiana Lopes de PAULA ◽  
Silvia Inês SARDI ◽  
Dellane Martins TIGRE ◽  
Flora Maria de Campos FERNANDES ◽  
Gúbio Soares CAMPOS
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
New Orleans ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Etiologic Agent ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Sequences Analysis ◽  
Norovirus Gii ◽  
The City ◽  
Children Under 5

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Norovirus (NoV) is an important etiologic agent of acute gastroenteritis and infects individuals of all ages, especially children in Brazil and worldwide. NoV GII.4 was the most prevalent genotype worldwide because of your extensive genetic diversity. In Brazil, especially in the Northeast, few studies have been developed for identify and molecularly characterize NoV. OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to detect and describe the molecular epidemiology of NoV associated with acute gastroenteritis. METHODS: The viral RNA extracted from stool samples were subjected to Nested RT-PCR and the genotypes were determined by nucleotide sequences analysis. In total, 278 stool samples assisted at Aliança Hospital in the city of Salvador, with acute gastroenteritis were examined, between March 2009 and July 2012. RESULTS: A high NoV rate (54.2%) was identified in children under 5 years of age. We detected the circulation of different NoV GII.4 variants in Salvador, during the study period as Den Haag 2006b, New Orleans 2009 and Sydney 2012. CONCLUSION: These findings reinforce the need to study the molecular epidemiology of NoV infections in acute gastroenteritis.

scholarly journals Molecular Epidemiology of Genogroup II Noroviruses Infection in Outpatients with Acute Gastroenteritis in Nanjing, China (2010–2013)

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhang Hong-ying ◽  
Shi Li-min ◽  
Li Wei ◽  
Wang Xuan ◽  
Qiao Meng-kai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Pcr Cloning ◽  
Human Rotavirus ◽  
Enteric Adenovirus ◽  
Sporadic Cases ◽  
Human Astrovirus ◽  
Acute Nonbacterial Gastroenteritis ◽  
Highly Virulent ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Rapid Emergence

Objective.Human noroviruses (NoVs) of genogroup II are the most common strains detected in sporadic cases of acute nonbacterial gastroenteritis in outpatients in Nanjing. To gain insight into the molecular epidemiology of GII strains, we analyzed 75 positive NoV cases from 2010 to 2013.Methods.The sporadic cases were detected by real-time PCR with specific primers and probes to human NoVs of genogroup I or II, human sapovirus, human rotavirus, human astrovirus, and human enteric adenovirus. Human NoVs of genogroup II were further studied by VP1 amplification (RT- PCR), cloning, sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis.Results.Rotavirus and human NoVs were more frequently detected in all the cases from 2010 to 2013. Human NoVs infection was more frequent since 2011 and more frequent than rotavirus infection after 2012. Out of the 75 NoV cases of genogroup II, there were 5 GII.6, 11 GII.3, and 59 GII.4. Of the 59 GII.4, 27 cases were previous GII.4.2006b strains that circulated between 2010 and 2012; while 32 cases were the newly emerging GII.4 strains GII.4.2012 from 2011 to 2013.Conclusion.Our data confirm other studies on the rapid emergence and displacement of highly virulent GII.4 strains.

High-resolution analysis and probable non-viral origin of lattice structures found in rotavirus preparations

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 604-605
Author(s):  
Josef Weibel ◽  
H Fred Clark ◽  
Gerd G. Maul
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Lattice Structures ◽  
Viral Origin ◽  
Morphological Criteria ◽  
High Resolution Analysis ◽  
Resolution Analysis ◽  
Stool Samples

Acute gastroenteritis causes death in millions of cases, and many are due to viruses, mostly rotavirus. Through appropriate hygiene and health care, deaths from gastroenteritis have dropped considerably in the United States. Price and coworkers tested by electronmicroscopy of stool samples 537 specimens in 1988 and found 19% of them to contain viruses most commonly rotaviruses. The morphological criteria for the actual rotaviruses cannot be mistaken. However, they also used the appearance of the lattice structures to diagnose rotavirus infection. The same description of these lattice structures to be diagnostic for rotavirus was shown by Miller. The only possible material to contain similar hexagonal patterns were bacteriophage tails. Here we report that bacterial walls of an unidentified bacterium contain these lattices also. Virally-enriched preparations of stool samples from children with acute gastroenteritis are routinely tested for rotaviruses in early Spring each year.

scholarly journals 1106. Infectious Etiologies of Acute Gastroenteritis in Children during the First 100 Days Post-Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplant

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S331-S331
Author(s):  
Jennifer Schuster ◽  
Samantha Johnston ◽  
Bhinnata Piya ◽  
Daniel Dulek ◽  
Mary E Wikswo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Kansas City ◽  
Hematopoietic Cell ◽  
Cell Transplant ◽  
Hematopoietic Cell Transplant ◽  
Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplant ◽  
Gastrointestinal Pathogen ◽  
Stool Samples

Abstract Background Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) is a frequent sequela in children undergoing hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT). Although rotavirus and norovirus have been implicated as important causes of AGE, the frequency of other pathogens is unknown. Little data exist on longitudinal prevalence of infectious AGE in HCT. Methods From February 2015 to May 2016, subjects <18 years undergoing allogeneic HCT were enrolled at four CDC-NVSN sites: Oakland, Kansas City, Seattle, and Nashville. Stool samples were collected at enrollment, weekly until discharge or day 100 (whichever occurred earliest), during re-admissions within the first 100 days, and day 100. AGE was defined as unexplained ≥3 episodes diarrhea and/or ≥1 episode vomiting/24 hours. Specimens were tested using Luminex xTAG Gastrointestinal Pathogen Panel (Austin, TX) and real-time PCR for adenovirus, astrovirus, norovirus, and sapovirus. Results Thirty-one patients were enrolled at four sites (Seattle: 13, Kansas City: 8, Oakland: 6, Nashville: (4) with median age 5 (IQR 3–10) years. Two hundred sixteen samples were obtained with median 7 samples/subject. During the first 100 days, 29 (94%) subjects met the AGE definition. Thirty-six single pathogen detections occurred in 16 (52%) subjects. Clostridium difficile was the most frequent pathogen (Figure 1), with 14 detections in nine patients, all ≥3 years; 50% of detections were asymptomatic. Seven (50%) detections occurred at HCT onset and none received targeted C. difficile therapy. Sapovirus was detected nine times in four patients, with seven (78%) detections associated with AGE symptoms. Rotavirus was detected nine times, during five symptomatic episodes, in three patients. Adenovirus was detected four times in three patients and all were symptomatic. Conclusion We longitudinally characterized the etiology of infectious AGE in children undergoing HCT. Despite the majority of patients meeting the definition for AGE, only half had a pathogen detected, suggesting that differentiating infectious vs. noninfectious AGE (e.g., medication induced) in this population is difficult. Although all subjects with adenovirus and most with sapovirus were symptomatic, asymptomatic C. difficile detection was common. Interestingly, norovirus was not detected. Further investigation of AGE is warranted in this population. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals High divergence of human astrovirus genotypes circulating in pediatric patients hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis in Chiang Mai, Thailand, 2017 to 2020

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyu Wei ◽  
Pattara Khamrin ◽  
Kattareeya Kumthip ◽  
Arpaporn Yodmeeklin ◽  
Niwat Maneekarn
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Nucleotide Sequencing ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chiang Mai ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Human Astrovirus ◽  
The Common ◽  
Reference Sequences

Abstract ABSTRCT Human astrovirus (HAstV) is one of the common causes of acute gastroenteritis in children. The investigation of the molecular epidemiology of HAstV is essential for monitoring the emergence and/or re-emergence of new HAstV genotypes, as well as understanding the evolution of HAstV genotypes circulating in children suffering from acute gastroenteritis. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence and distribution of HAstV genotypes circulating in children < 5 years of age hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis in Chiang Mai, Thailand during 2017 to 2020. A total of 1,500 fecal specimens collected from children diagnosed with acute gastroenteritis during 2017 to 2020 were screened for HAstV by RT-PCR and identified by nucleotide sequencing. The obtained sequences were compared with the reference sequences retrieved from GenBank database and analysed by MEGA X software to assign their genotypes. Of 1,500 fecal samples, 39 (2.6%) were positive for HAstV. Of these, both classic and novel HAstV genotypes, including classic HAstV1-HAstV5, novel HAstV-MLB1, MLB2, and novel HAstV-VA2, were detected in this study. The data in this study revealed a wide variety of HAstV genotypes circulating in pediatric patients admitted to the hospitals with acute gastroenteritis in Chiang Mai, Thailand during 2017 to 2020.

Molecular Epidemiology of Human Astrovirus Infection in Hospitalized Children with Acute Gastroenteritis

2006 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ju Young Chung ◽  
Kyung Huh ◽  
Sang Woo Kim ◽  
Bo Mun Shin ◽  
Tae Hee Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Human Astrovirus

scholarly journals High divergence of human astrovirus genotypes circulating in pediatric patients hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis in Chiang Mai, Thailand, 2017–2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyu Wei ◽  
Pattara Khamrin ◽  
Kattareeya Kumthip ◽  
Arpaporn Yodmeeklin ◽  
Niwat Maneekarn
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chiang Mai ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Human Astrovirus ◽  
Partial Rdrp ◽  
The Common

AbstractHuman astrovirus (HAstV) is one of the common causes of acute gastroenteritis in children. The investigation of molecular epidemiology of HAstV is essential for monitoring the emergence and/or re-emergence of new HAstV genotypes, as well as understanding the evolution of HAstV circulating in children suffering from acute gastroenteritis. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence and distribution of HAstVs strains circulating in children hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis in Chiang Mai, Thailand during 2017–2020. A total of 1500 fecal specimens collected from children with acute gastroenteritis were screened for HAstV by RT-PCR that targeted the partial RdRp in ORF1b and strains were characterized by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Of the 1500 fecal samples, 39 (2.6%) were positive for HAstV. Of these, both classic and novel HAstV genotypes, including classic HAstV1–HAstV5, novel HAstV-MLB1, MLB2, and HAstV-VA2, were detected. The data in this study revealed a high divergence of HAstV genotypes circulating in pediatric patients admitted to the hospitals with acute gastroenteritis in Chiang Mai, Thailand during 2017–2020.

Molecular epidemiology and genetic diversity of norovirus infection in children with acute gastroenteritis in Bangladesh, 2014‐2019

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuvra Kanti Dey ◽  
Nadim Sharif ◽  
Baki Billah ◽  
Tanjir Tarek Ibn Siddique ◽  
Tarequl Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis

scholarly journals Overall Survival Prediction in Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients Using Computed Tomography Radiomic and Clinical Information

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Khodabakhshi ◽  
Mehdi Amini ◽  
Shayan Mostafaei ◽  
Atlas Haddadi Avval ◽  
Mostafa Nazari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Radical Nephrectomy ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Tumor Grade ◽  
Imaging Biomarkers ◽  
Area Density

AbstractThe aim of this work is to investigate the applicability of radiomic features alone and in combination with clinical information for the prediction of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients’ overall survival after partial or radical nephrectomy. Clinical studies of 210 RCC patients from The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA) who underwent either partial or radical nephrectomy were included in this study. Regions of interest (ROIs) were manually defined on CT images. A total of 225 radiomic features were extracted and analyzed along with the 59 clinical features. An elastic net penalized Cox regression was used for feature selection. Accelerated failure time (AFT) with the shared frailty model was used to determine the effects of the selected features on the overall survival time. Eleven radiomic and twelve clinical features were selected based on their non-zero coefficients. Tumor grade, tumor malignancy, and pathology t-stage were the most significant predictors of overall survival (OS) among the clinical features (p < 0.002, < 0.02, and < 0.018, respectively). The most significant predictors of OS among the selected radiomic features were flatness, area density, and median (p < 0.02, < 0.02, and < 0.05, respectively). Along with important clinical features, such as tumor heterogeneity and tumor grade, imaging biomarkers such as tumor flatness, area density, and median are significantly correlated with OS of RCC patients.

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