TBE in Romania

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidia Chitimia-Dobler ◽  
Adriana Hristea ◽  
Wilhelm Erber ◽  
Tamara Vuković Janković
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Carpathian Mountains ◽  
Territorial Expansion ◽  
Tbe Virus ◽  
Natural Foci ◽  
Risk Areas

Based on an epidemiological survey performed, human TBE- virus neuroinfections may have an endemic emergent course, and natural foci are in full territorial expansion. Identified risk areas are Tulcea district, Transylvania, at the base of the Carpathian Mountains and the Transylvanian Alps.

TBE in Romania

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Surveillance System ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Passive Surveillance ◽  
Notifiable Disease ◽  
Territorial Expansion ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Regular Screening ◽  
Passive Surveillance System ◽  
Natural Foci ◽  
Risk Areas

Based on an epidemiological survey,1 human TBEV neuroinfections may have an endemic emergent course, and natural foci are in full territorial expansion. Identified risk areas are Tulcea district, Transylvania, at the base of the Carpathian Mountains and the Transylvanian Alps.2,3 TBE has been a notifiable disease since 1996. Surveillance of TBE is not done at the country level, only regionally in some counties (northern/central/western part, close to Hungary). The passive surveillance system was implemented in 2008. However, there is no regular screening and the relative risk of contracting this disease is unknown. In 1999, an outbreak of TBE in humans was recorded with a total of at least 38 human cases.4

TBE in Romania

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidia Chitimia-Dobler ◽  
Adriana Hristea ◽  
Wilhelm Erber ◽  
Tamara Vuković-Janković
Keyword(s):  
Goat Milk ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Territorial Expansion ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Regular Screening ◽  
Passive Surveillance System ◽  
Natural Foci ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
European Subtype

Based on an epidemiological survey,1 human TBEV neuroinfections may have an endemic emergent course, and natural foci are in full territorial expansion. Identified risk areas are Tulcea district, Transylvania, at the base of the Carpathian Mountains and the Transylvanian Alps.2,3 TBE has been a notifiable disease since 1996. Surveillance of TBE is not done at the country level, only regionally in some counties (northern/central/western part, close to Hungary). The passive surveillance system was implemented in 2008. However, there is no regular screening and the relative risk of contracting this disease is unknown. In 1999, an outbreak of TBE in humans was recorded with a total of at least 38 human cases.4 The probable cause of the outbreak was goat milk and raw goat milk products. Subsequent studies to detect TBEV in ticks in the affected regions resulted in a non -specified number of TBEV isolates, which were described as belonging to the European subtype of TBEV. A publication of the neighboring Republic of Moldova described the existence of the Far-eastern subtype of TBEV just at the border to Romania.5

scholarly journals Transnational exchange of surveillance data reveals previously unrecognized TBEV microfocus

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 631-633
Author(s):  
Lukas Frans Ocias ◽  
Mattias Waldeck ◽  
Ingemar Hallén ◽  
Mathilde Nørgaard ◽  
Karen Angeliki Krogfelt
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Surveillance Data ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Collaborative Effort ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Tbe Virus ◽  
Vaccination Recommendations ◽  
Ricinus Tick ◽  
Risk Areas

Abstract Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a tick-borne infection with an increasing presence in many European countries. It is caused by the TBE virus (TBEV), a flavivirus transmitted by the Ixodes ricinus tick in northern Europe. In Denmark, the virus exists endemically on the island of Bornholm. However, a large proportion of Danish cases are also imported from Sweden, where the incidence of TBE has steadily been increasing during the last few decades. With the prospect of expanding risk areas due to climate change, TBE surveillance data exchange between countries could facilitate the identification of new TBEV microfoci and thereby aid healthcare workers in the issuing of vaccination recommendations. We present data from a collaborative effort between Denmark and Sweden on the surveillance of TBEV that resulted in the uncovering of a previously unrecognized possible TBEV microfocus in central Sweden.

scholarly journals Features of the Epidemiological Situation on Siberian Tick Typhus and other Tick-Borne Ricketsioses in the Russian Federation, Prognosis for 2019

2019 ◽  
pp. 89-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. V. Rudakov ◽  
S. N. Shpynov ◽  
D. V. Trankvilevsky ◽  
N. D. Pakskina ◽  
D. A. Savel’ev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Far East ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Natural Foci ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Very High ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

The review presents an analysis of the epidemic situation on infections of rickettsial etiology, the causative agents of which are transmitted by Ixodidae ticks in the territory of the Russian Federation. The data obtained through molecular-biological verification allow to unite under the name of “tick-borne ricketsioses” a group of infections caused by R. sibirica subsp. sibirica, R. conorii, R. heilongjiangensis and other species of rickettsiae circulating in natural foci of various regions of Russia. Cases of tick-borne rickettsioses in Siberia and the Far East, caused by various species of rickettsiae, are registered under the name of “Siberian tick-borne typhus” due to the lack of available methods of differential laboratory diagnostics. The paper presents the assessment of the incidence of Siberian tick-borne typhus, indicating not only the varying degrees of epidemic hazard of endemic regions, but also changes in the distribution of risk areas, including the identification of new, epidemically significant foci. In accordance with the risk-oriented approach to prophylaxis, forecasting of epidemic situation on tick-borne rickettsioses was given and differentiation of the endemic territories of the Russian Federation as regards Siberian tick-borne typhus was carried out with distinguishing of epidemiological zones of low, medium, above average, high and very high risk of population infection.

scholarly journals Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus and Its European Distribution in Ticks and Endothermic Mammals

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 1065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie Walter ◽  
Janna R. Vogelgesang ◽  
Franz Rubel ◽  
Katharina Brugger
Keyword(s):  
Model Performance ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Baltic Countries ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Tbe Virus ◽  
Bioclimatic Variables ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
The Baltic

Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is the most common viral tick-borne disease in Europe causing thousands of human infections every year. Available risk maps in Europe are solely based on human incidences, but often underestimate areas with TBE virus circulation as shown by several autochthonous cases detected outside known risk areas. A dataset of more than 1300 georeferenced TBE virus detections in ticks and mammals except for humans was compiled and used to estimate the probability of TBE virus presence in Europe. For this, a random forests model was implemented using temperature- and precipitation-dependent bioclimatic variables of the WorldClim dataset, altitude, as well as land cover of the ESA GlobCover dataset. The highest probabilities of TBE virus presence were identified in Central Europe, in the south of the Nordic countries, and in the Baltic countries. The model performance was evaluated by an out-of-bag error (OOB) of 0.174 and a high area under the curve value (AUC) of 0.905. The TBE virus presence maps may subsequently be used to estimate the risk of TBE virus infections in humans and can support decision-makers to identify TBE risk areas and to encourage people to take appropriate actions against tick bites and TBE virus infections.

Chapter 1: A Short History of TBE

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olaf Kahl ◽  
Vanda Vatslavovna Pogodina ◽  
Tatyana Poponnikova ◽  
Jochen Süss ◽  
Vladimir Zlobin
Keyword(s):  
Ixodid Ticks ◽  
Human Pathogen ◽  
Short History ◽  
Tbe Virus ◽  
Natural Foci ◽  
History Of ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
Former Ussr ◽  
Reservoir Hosts

TBE virus is a flavivirus and a prominent tick-borne human pathogen occurring in parts of Asia and Europe. The virus was discovered by Lev A. Zilber and co-workers in the former USSR during an expedition in the Far Eastern taiga under the most difficult conditions in 1937. They and members of a second expedition under the leadership of the Academician Evgeny N. Pavlovsky 1938 elucidated the basic eco-epidemiology of the virus. In their natural foci, TBE virus circulates between vectors, certain ixodid ticks, and some of their hosts, so-called reservoir hosts, mostly small mammals. Five different subtypes of TBE virus have been described to date.

TBE in Belarus

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Central European ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Natural Foci ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus ◽  
European Subtype

Almost the entire territory of Belarus is believed to be endemic for tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), with the Central European subtype, also known as TBEV-EU (Figure 1). In all, 96 counties (i.e., 71.5% of all administrative districts) are considered to be risk areas for tick-borne encephalitis (TBE). The most intensive natural foci have been found in the western part of the country (Brest and Grodno Area), and infections in these areas account for an average of 40% each of the total number of reported cases

scholarly journals Epidemiologic Characteristics of Combined Natural Focus of Lyme Bоrreliosis and Tick-Borne Encephalitis

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Efimova ◽  
O. M. Drozdova
Keyword(s):  
Lyme Borreliosis ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Virus Antigen ◽  
Natural Focus ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Tbe Virus ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Sickness Rate ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Epidemiologic Characteristics

Epidemiologic patterns of spread of TBE and Lyme Borreliosis in the Kemerovo region within 23 years (1993 - 2015) have been studied. It has been established that sickness rate of TBE has reduced while sickness rate of Lyme Borreliosis has increased. Risk groups and risk areas of distribution of tick-borne infections have been detected. Borrelia DNA has been detected in 35,46 ± 6,26% of ticks, TBE virus antigen has been detected in 2,2 ± 0,28% of ticks. Sickness rate of tick-borne infections and rate of detection of infected ticks differentiate in different areas of the region which therefore should involve differential approach to organization preventive measures.

Analysis of effectivity of the tickborne encephalitis virus detection methods in ixodid ticks

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 237-241
Author(s):  
O. V. Mel’nikova ◽  
Yu. N. Trushina ◽  
R. V. Adel’shin ◽  
E. I. Andaev ◽  
G. N. Leonova
Keyword(s):  
Virus Detection ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Ixodid Ticks ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Tbe Virus ◽  
Natural Foci ◽  
Complex Picture ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Express Methods ◽  
Group 1

Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is transmissible viral disease widely common in temperate zone of Eurasia. ELISA and PCR are used for express identification of the vector’s infection, but the results of the two methods often do not agree. Aim of the work is comparative analysis for TBE virus of Ixodid ticks from nature using complex of methods, including ELISA, PCR, and isolation of the virus in laboratory mice. 18608 Ixodid ticks were collected during 2013-2019 in TBE natural foci of the Baikal Region. The ticks suspensions were examined individually, using ELISA (n=17610) and PCR (n=2999). Suckling mice were inoculated with the suspensions positive in the both tests. The TBEV antigen was found in 1.2 % of ticks in average. All ticks positive in ELISA were examined in PCR (Group 1). Randomly selected part of negative-ELISA samples were examined in PCR too (Group 2). The PCR results were positive in 68.9±3.13 % of the Group 1, with average Ct index 24.6±0.38. Positive results of PCR in Group 2 accounted for just 2.7±0.31 % with average Ct index 31.0±0.70. The average Ct margin of the Groups 1 and 2 is statistically significant (p < 0.001; df = 118). Isolation of strains was significantly more successful in Group 1 (21.7±2.77 %), than in Group 2 (8.2±5.26 %; p < 0.05; df = 50). ELISA is more useful for examining large amounts of ticks. To get a more complex picture about epidemically dangerous part of the vectors in TBE natural foci, the results of the two express-methods is better to sum. The isolation of the virus is useful to carry out of the samples positive in ELISA and PCR concurrently.

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