scholarly journals A study of online video animation vs live specimen based learning in pathology practicals - A randomised experimental cross sectional study in MBBS 2nd year students

Author(s):  
Dr. Fayyaz Mukarab Khan
BMJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. l6491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael L Anderson ◽  
Fangwen Lu ◽  
Jun Yang

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the implications of car ownership for physical activity and weight in a global city.DesignQuasi-experimental cross sectional study.SettingBeijing, China, 2011-15.ParticipantsPeople aged 18 and older from a random sample of households who had entered a permit lottery to purchase a vehicle between January 2011 and November 2015.InterventionsPermit allowing purchase of a vehicle within six months of permit issuance.Main outcome measuresTransit use (number of subway and bus rides each week), physical activity (minutes of walking or bicycling each day), and weight, measured once in early 2016.ResultsOf 937 people analysed in total, 180 had won a permit to purchase a new vehicle. Winning the permit lottery resulted in the purchase of an additional vehicle 91% of the time (95% confidence interval 89% to 94%; P<0.001). About five years after winning, winners took significantly fewer weekly transit rides (−2.9 rides (−5.1 to −0.7); P=0.01) and walked and cycled significantly less (−24.2 minutes (−40.3 to −8.1); P=0.003) than those who did not win the lottery. Average weight did not change significantly between lottery winners and losers. Among those aged 50 and older, however, winners’ weight had increased relative to that of losers (10.3 kg (0.5 to 20.2); P=0.04) 5.1 years after winning.ConclusionsThese data indicate that vehicle ownership in a rapidly growing global city led to long term reductions in physical activity and increase in weight. Continuing increases in car use and ownership in developing and middle income countries could adversely affect physical health and obesity rates.


BMJ ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 332 (7556) ◽  
pp. 1476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay Belsky ◽  
Edward Melhuish ◽  
Jacqueline Barnes ◽  
Alastair H Leyland ◽  
Helena Romaniuk

Enfoques ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Gloria Johana Montaña Mogollón ◽  
Karen Lorena Gómez Díaz ◽  
Elsa Fernanda Siabato Macías

ResumenEl presente estudio no experimental de tipo transversal con alcance comparativo tuvo por objetivo identificar el funcionamiento mnesico y ejecutivo de pacientes que han sufrido un Accidente Cerebrovascular de acuerdo con la edad y el nivel educativo. La muestra estuvo constituida por 13 participantes de una IPS de Boyacá, con edades comprendidas entre los 25 y 87 años. Se aplicó el Test de Grober y Bushcke, la subescala de Semejanzas del WAIS III, el test de Stroop y el test de Clasificación de tarjetas de Wisconsin. Se hallaron diferencias en el funcionamiento amnésico y en perseveración de acuerdo con el rango de edad, pero no al nivel educativo. Mnemonic and executive performance of patients with Stroke: Comparative studyAbstractThe present non-experimental cross-sectional study with comparative scope aimed to identify the mnesical and executive functioning of patients who have suffered a Stroke according to age and educational level. The sample consisted of 13 participants from a IPS in Boyacá, aged between 25 and 87 years. The Grober and Bushcke Test, the Similarity subscale of the WAIS III, the Stroop test and the Wisconsin Card Classification test were applied. Differences were found in amnestic functioning and in perseveration according to the age range but not to the educational level. Desempenho mnemônico e executivo de pacientes com AVC: estudo comparativoResumoO presente estudo transversal não experimental com escopo comparativo visou identificar o funcionamento mnésical e executivo de pacientes que sofreram um acidente vascular cerebral de acordo com a idade e o nível educacional. A amostra consistiu em 13 participantes de um IPS em Boyacá, com idade entre 25 e 87 anos. O teste de Grober e Bushcke, a subescala de similaridade do WAIS III, o teste de Stroop e o teste de classificação de cartão de Wisconsin foram aplicados. As diferenças foram encontradas no funcionamento amnésico e na perseverança de acordo com a faixa etária, mas não ao nível educacional. 


2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyn R. Klein ◽  
Barbara J. Amster

Abstract A study by Yaruss and Quesal (2002), based on responses from 134 of 239 ASHA accredited graduate programs, indicated that approximately 25% of graduate programs in the United States allow students to earn their degree without having coursework in fluency disorders and 66% of programs allow students to graduate without clinical experience treating people who stutter (PWS). It is not surprising that many clinicians report discomfort in treating PWS. This cross-sectional study compares differences in beliefs about the cause of stuttering between freshman undergraduate students enrolled in an introductory course in communicative disorders and graduate students enrolled and in the final weeks of a graduate course in fluency disorders.


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