scholarly journals Nanofat 2.0: Experimental Evidence for a Fat Grafting Rich in Mesenchymal Stem Cells

2017 ◽  
pp. 663-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. LO FURNO ◽  
S. TAMBURINO ◽  
G. MANNINO ◽  
E. GILIA ◽  
G. LOMBARDO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Fat Grafting ◽  
Proliferation Rate ◽  
Fat Grafts ◽  
Liquid Suspension ◽  
Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Marked Proliferation

Different strategies have been developed in the last decade to obtain fat grafts as rich as possible of mesenchymal stem cells, so exploiting their regenerative potential. Recently, a new kind of fat grafting, called “nanofat”, has been obtained after several steps of fat emulsification and filtration. The final liquid suspension, virtually devoid of mature adipocytes, would improve tissue repair because of the presence of adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs). However, since it is probable that many ASCs may be lost in the numerous phases of this procedure, we describe here a novel version of fat grafting, which we call “nanofat 2.0”, likely richer in ASCs, obtained avoiding the final phases of the nanofat protocol. The viability, the density and proliferation rate of ASCs in nanofat 2.0 sample were compared with samples of nanofat and simple lipoaspirate. Although the density of ASCs was initially higher in lipoaspirate sample, the higher proliferation rate of cells in nanofat 2.0 virtually filled the gap within 8 days. By contrast, the density of ASCs in nanofat sample was the poorest at any time. Results show that nanofat 2.0 emulsion is considerably rich in stem cells, featuring a marked proliferation capability.

Exosomes from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells promote survival of fat grafts by regulating macrophage polarization via let-7c

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 501-510
Author(s):  
Xiaoyan Hao ◽  
Yuan Guo ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
Xueyuan Yu ◽  
Lin He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Graft Survival ◽  
Macrophage Polarization ◽  
Fat Grafting ◽  
Fat Graft ◽  
Fat Grafts ◽  
Enhancer Binding Protein ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract The rate of fat graft survival is a critical aspect of successful surgery and has been a matter of concern for over 20 years. Owing to their anti-inflammatory effects and regenerative property, adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) have been adapted for clinical application in fat grafting, although the mechanism underlying their action remains unclear. Recently, exosomes derived from MSCs were suggested as a better alternative, and these exosomes have also been applied in diverse clinical therapies. Accumulating evidence suggests that MSCs modulate macrophage differentiation via exosome secretion, and the connection between macrophage regulation and the rate of fat graft survival has been established. Here, we identified that let-7c, the key factor in the regulatory process, is shuttled by AD-MSC-derived exosomes to downregulate the transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP)-δ. The downregulation of C/EBP-δ resulted in the attenuation of pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages and elevation of anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages. These results suggest that AD-MSC-derived exosomes promote the survival of fat grafts by regulating macrophage polarization via let-7c. This is the first study to elucidate the mechanism underlying the promotion of the fat graft survival rate by AD-MSCs and to evaluate the immunotherapeutic potential of AD-MSC-derived exosomes in fat grafting.

Co-transplantation of exosomes derived from hypoxia-preconditioned adipose mesenchymal stem cells promotes neovascularization and graft survival in fat grafting

2018 ◽  
Vol 497 (1) ◽  
pp. 305-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-di Han ◽  
Yun Bai ◽  
Xin-long Yan ◽  
Jing Ren ◽  
Quan Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Graft Survival ◽  
Fat Grafting ◽  
Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Adult bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells as stem cells for tissue repair

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antal Salamon ◽  
Erzsébet Toldy
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Adult Bone Marrow ◽  
Adult Bone

scholarly journals Ghrelin peptide improves glial conditioned medium effects on neuronal differentiation of human adipose mesenchymal stem cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Russo ◽  
Giuliana Mannino ◽  
Martina Patanè ◽  
Nunziatina Laura Parrinello ◽  
Rosalia Pellitteri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Conditioned Medium ◽  
Neural Differentiation ◽  
Conditioned Media ◽  
Glial Fibrillary Acid Protein ◽  
Ghrelin Receptor ◽  
Neuronal Markers ◽  
Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Marker Expression

AbstractThe influences of ghrelin on neural differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) were investigated in this study. The expression of typical neuronal markers, such as protein gene product 9.5 (PGP9.5) and Microtubule Associated Protein 2 (MAP2), as well as glial Fibrillary Acid Protein (GFAP) as a glial marker was evaluated in ASCs in different conditions. In particular, 2 µM ghrelin was added to control ASCs and to ASCs undergoing neural differentiation. For this purpose, ASCs were cultured in Conditioned Media obtained from Olfactory Ensheathing cells (OEC-CM) or from Schwann cells (SC-CM). Data on marker expression were gathered after 1 and 7 days of culture by fluorescence immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry. Results show that only weak effects were induced by the addition of only ghrelin. Instead, dynamic ghrelin-induced modifications were detected on the increased marker expression elicited by glial conditioned media. In fact, the combination of ghrelin and conditioned media consistently induced a further increase of PGP9.5 and MAP2 expression, especially after 7 days of treatment. The combination of ghrelin with SC-CM produced the most evident effects. Weak or no modifications were found on conditioned medium-induced GFAP increases. Observations on the ghrelin receptor indicate that its expression in control ASCs, virtually unchanged by the addition of only ghrelin, was considerably increased by CM treatment. These increases were enhanced by combining ghrelin and CM treatment, especially at 7 days. Overall, it can be assumed that ghrelin favors a neuronal rather than a glial ASC differentiation.

scholarly journals The Cross-Talk between Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Immune Cells in Tissue Repair and Regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 2472
Author(s):  
Carl Randall Harrell ◽  
Valentin Djonov ◽  
Vladislav Volarevic
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Multipotent Stem Cells ◽  
Tissue Repair And Regeneration ◽  
Almost All ◽  
And Function

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are self-renewable, rapidly proliferating, multipotent stem cells which reside in almost all post-natal tissues. MSCs possess potent immunoregulatory properties and, in juxtacrine and paracrine manner, modulate phenotype and function of all immune cells that participate in tissue repair and regeneration. Additionally, MSCs produce various pro-angiogenic factors and promote neo-vascularization in healing tissues, contributing to their enhanced repair and regeneration. In this review article, we summarized current knowledge about molecular mechanisms that regulate the crosstalk between MSCs and immune cells in tissue repair and regeneration.

Insulin-Producing Cells Differentiated from Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cells Neuroprotection Strategy in Diabetic Rats

Metabolism ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 116 ◽  
pp. 154658
Author(s):  
K.M. Wartchow ◽  
L. Rodrigues ◽  
N.G. Selistre ◽  
L. Lissner ◽  
A. Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Insulin Producing Cells ◽  
Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cells

scholarly journals Pre-Exposure of Human Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Soluble Factors Enhances Their Homing to Brain Cancer

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris L. Smith ◽  
Kaisorn L. Chaichana ◽  
Young M. Lee ◽  
Benjamin Lin ◽  
Kevin M. Stanko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Brain Cancer ◽  
Soluble Factors ◽  
Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cells

scholarly journals Role of adipose mesenchymal stem cells and secretome in peripheral nerve regeneration

2021 ◽  
pp. 102482
Author(s):  
Tito Sumarwoto ◽  
Heri Suroto ◽  
Ferdiansyah Mahyudin ◽  
Dwikora Novembri Utomo ◽  
Romaniyanto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cells
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