Linking Peregrine Falcons' (Falco peregrinus) Wintering Areas in Peru with Their North American Natal and Breeding Grounds

Abstract Movements of 11 female and 1 male adult Peregrine Falcons (Falco peregrinus) wintering in coastal Gulf of Mexico, Tamaulipas, Mexico, were monitored with satellite-received transmitters (PTTs), 1997–1998. Median areas for minimum convex polygon winter home ranges at 50% and 90% levels (both years) were 1173 and 8311 ha, respectively. Most birds left wintering grounds in the first week of May. Duration of northward migration averaged 30 days. Distances between capture location and summer settling place were between 4580 and 5844 km; birds traversed 40.4–46.4 degrees of latitude. Birds summered between far western Canada and coastal west Greenland. One was followed to the same summering ground in both years. Autumnal migration routes were through the middle of the continent, and initiated in August and September. Falcons arrived on wintering grounds in September and October, averaging 40 days to make the journey. PTT data and capture locations of birds trapped in more than 1 year suggest fidelity to wintering areas, although perhaps not particular winter home ranges. Migración y Áreas de Ocurrencia de Halcones Peregrinos Invernantes en la Costa del Golfo de México, Tamaulipas, México Resumen. Entre 1997 y 1998, se monitorearon con transmisores de satellite (PTTs) los movimientos de 12 halcones peregrinos adultos (Falco peregrinus; 11 hembras y 1 macho) invernando en la costa del Golfo de México, Tamaulipas, México. Se utilizaron niveles de precisión del 50% y 90% en los polígonos mínimos estimados para describir los hambitos hogareños de invernada (en ambos años); éstos fueron de 1173 y 8311 ha, respectivamente. La mayoría de las aves abandonaron las areas de invernada en la primera semana de mayo. La duración de la migración hacia el Norte promedió 30 días. Las distancias entre los lugares donde las aves fueron capturadas y donde se establecieron en el verano variaron entre 4580 y 5844 km; así que éstas recorrieron entre 40.4 y 46.4 grados de latitud. Los halcones pasaron el verano entre el lejano oeste de Canadá y la costa oeste de Groenlandia. Uno de ellos fue seguido en ambos años hasta la misma área de veraneo. Las rutas migratorias del otoño tuvieron lugar a través del centro del continente y se iniciaron en agosto y septiembre. Los halcones peregrinos llegaron a las áreas de inviernada en septiembre y octubre, promediando 40 días para hacer el recorrido. Los datos de los PTTs e información sobre las ubicaciones de los lugares de captura de las aves atrapadas en más de un año sugieren fidelidad a las áreas de invierno, pero tal vez no a hambitos hogareños particulares.

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Preliminary survival and movement data for a declining population of Flesh-footed Shearwater Ardenna carneipes in Western Australia provides insights into marine threats

Bird Conservation International ◽

10.1017/s0959270918000084 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 327-337 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

JENNIFER L. LAVERS ◽

SIMEON LISOVSKI ◽

ALEXANDER L. BOND

Keyword(s):

Western Australia ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Adult Survival ◽

Seabird Species ◽

Movement Data ◽

Central Indian Ocean ◽

Breeding Grounds ◽

Wintering Areas ◽

Fisheries Bycatch ◽

Western Australian

SummarySeabirds face diverse threats on their breeding islands and while at sea. Human activities have been linked to the decline of seabird populations, yet over-wintering areas typically receive little or no protection. Adult survival rates, a crucial parameter for population persistence in long-lived species, tend to be spatially or temporally restricted for many seabird species, limiting our understanding of factors driving population trends at some sites. We used bio-loggers to study the migration of Western Australian Flesh-footed Shearwaters Ardenna carneipes carneipes and estimated adult survival over five years. Western Australia is home to around 35% of the world’s breeding Flesh-footed Shearwaters, a population which was up-listed to Vulnerable in 2015. During the austral winter, shearwaters migrated across the central Indian Ocean to their non-breeding grounds off western Sri Lanka. Low site fidelity on breeding islands, mortality of adult birds at sea (e.g. fisheries bycatch), and low annual breeding frequency likely contributed to the low estimated annual adult survival (2011–2015: ϕ = 0.634-0.835).

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Use of Sex-Linked Minisatellite Fragments to Investigate Genetic Differentiation and Migration of North American Populations of the Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus)

Experientia Supplementum - DNA Fingerprinting: Approaches and Applications ◽

10.1007/978-3-0348-7312-3_15 ◽

1991 ◽

pp. 217-229 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

J. L. Longmire ◽

R. E. Ambrose ◽

N. C. Brown ◽

T. J. Cade ◽

T. L. Maechtle ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Differentiation ◽

North American ◽

Peregrine Falcon ◽

Falco Peregrinus ◽

And Migration

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Mercury and Stable Isotopes in Feathers Of Audouin's Gulls as Indicators of Feeding Habits and Migratory Connectivity

The Condor ◽

10.1093/condor/109.2.268 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 109 (2) ◽

pp. 268-275 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Carola Sanpera ◽

Xavier Ruiz ◽

Rocío Moreno ◽

Lluís Jover ◽

Susan Waldron

Keyword(s):

Trophic Ecology ◽

Feeding Habits ◽

Geographical Area ◽

Future Research ◽

Migratory Connectivity ◽

Migration Patterns ◽

Isotopic Signatures ◽

Breeding Populations ◽

Breeding Grounds ◽

Wintering Areas

Abstract To better understand migratory connectivity between breeding and nonbreeding populations, we analyzed mercury (Hg) and stable isotope signatures of nitrogen (δ15N), carbon (δ13C), and sulfur (δ34S) in Audouin's Gulls (Larus audouinii) breeding in two different colonies, the Ebro Delta (northeastern Spain) and the Chafarinas Islands (southwestern Mediterranean). Although abundant information is available on the biology and trophic ecology of this gull's breeding populations, little is known about migration patterns, distribution in winter, or conditions faced during the nonbreeding period. Analyses were carried out on first primary feathers, grown during the summer while gulls are on the breeding grounds, and mantle feathers, grown during the winter. Different isotopic signatures (δ15N, δ13C, and δ34S) in summer (primary) feathers from each area agree with the observed differences in diet between the two colonies. In winter (mantle) feathers, isotopic signatures did not differ, consistent with a common wintering ground and common diet, although the lack of isotopic basemaps in marine systems precludes assignment to a geographical area of reference. Future research is needed to relate isotopic signatures and Hg values in mantle feathers to trophic ecology in wintering areas. Results for Hg indicate that the excretory role played by primary feathers precludes their use as indicators of trophic ecology.

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Central nervous signs, blindness and cerebral vermicosis in free-ranging peregrine falcons (Falco peregrinus) associated with aberrant larval migrations

Veterinary Parasitology Regional Studies and Reports ◽

10.1016/j.vprsr.2020.100410 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 ◽

pp. 100410

Author(s):

D. Fischer ◽

B. Oberländer ◽

M. Peters ◽

N. Eley ◽

N. Pantchev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Falco Peregrinus ◽

Peregrine Falcons ◽

Free Ranging

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Identification of Natal Locales of Peregrine Falcons (Falco peregrinus) by Trace-Element Analysis of Feathers

The Auk ◽

10.1093/auk/100.3.560 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 100 (3) ◽

pp. 560-567 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Jimmie R. Parrish ◽

David T. Rogers ◽

F. Prescott Ward

Keyword(s):

Trace Elements ◽

Trace Element ◽

Trace Element Analysis ◽

Trace Element Content ◽

Falco Peregrinus ◽

Element Analysis ◽

Peregrine Falcons ◽

Geographic Origins ◽

Multivariate Discriminant ◽

Discriminant Function Analyses

Abstract Samples of secondary remiges collected from nestling Peregrine Falcons (Falco peregrinus) in Alaska and western Greenland were analyzed for trace-element content using instrumental neutron-activation analysis. Concentrations of 14 trace elements were subjected to a series of multivariate discriminant function analyses to ascertain whether or not these concentrations could be used to identify the geographic origins of the birds sampled. Individual falcons from the three areas studied can be placed in their proper natal locale with 100% predictability. Mercury (Hg) was the best individual discriminator for separating sample groupings. Aluminum (A1) and Vanadium (V), in conjunction with Hg, provided the most discriminant trio of elements when various groupings of element concentrations were considered as predictors.

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Declines in Wintering Populations of Red Knots in Southern South America

The Condor ◽

10.1093/condor/106.1.60 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 106 (1) ◽

pp. 60-70 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

R. I. Guy Morrison ◽

R. Kenyon Ross ◽

Lawrence J. Niles

Keyword(s):

Population Decline ◽

Food Resource ◽

Limulus Polyphemus ◽

Tierra Del Fuego ◽

Calidris Canutus ◽

The North ◽

Dramatic Decline ◽

Breeding Grounds ◽

Wintering Areas ◽

Key Sites

AbstractSurveys of the North American race of the Red Knot (Calidris canutus rufa) on its main wintering areas on the coasts of Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego (Argentina and Chile) showed a dramatic decline in the wintering population: totals in 2003 were about 30 000 compared to 67 500 in the mid-1980s. Numbers at the principal wintering site, Bahia Lomas, fell by approximately 50%, from 45 300 in 2000 to 22 000–25 000 in 2002–2003. Numbers at peripheral sites on the coast of Patagonia declined dramatically, decreasing 98% compared to numbers in the mid-1980s. The results showed that declines at core sites did not result from birds moving to other places within the known wintering (or other) areas, but reflected a general population decline, with most birds now restricted to key sites in Tierra del Fuego. This phenomenon may explain why long-term declines noted elsewhere have only recently become apparent at key wintering areas. Possible reasons for the declines are discussed. Banding studies in Delaware Bay have shown that in recent years an increasing proportion of Red Knots is unable to gain sufficient weight for migration to the breeding grounds. This is likely due to reductions in their main food resource, eggs of the horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus. The resulting increase in mortality could account for the magnitude and severity of the declines we observed.Disminuciones en las Poblaciones Invernantes de Calidris canutus rufa en el Sur de Sur AméricaResumen. Censos de la raza norteamericana de Calidris canutus (rufa) en sus áreas de invernada principales en las costas de la Patagonia y Tierra del Fuego (Argentina y Chile) mostraron una disminución dramática en la población invernante. Los totales en 2003 fueron aproximadamente 30 000, comparados con 67 500 a mediados de los años 80. Los números en el sitio principal de invernada (Bahía Lomas) decayeron en aproximadamente un 50%, de 45 300 en 2000 a 22 000–25 000 en 2002–2003. Los números en sitios periféricos en la costa de Patagonia declinaron dramáticamente, en un 98% en comparación con los números de mediados de los ochenta. Los resultados mostraron que las disminuciones en los sitios núcleo no fueron el resultado de que las aves se movieran a otros sitios dentro del rango invernal conocido, o a otras áreas. En cambio, reflejaron una disminución general de la población; la mayoría de las aves están ahora restringidas a sitios claves en Tierra del Fuego. Este fenómeno podría explicar por qué las disminuciones poblacionales de largo plazo detectadas en otros lugares sólo se han hecho aparentes ahora en las áreas claves de invernada. Se discuten las posibles causas de las disminuciones. Estudios de anillamiento en la bahía de Delaware han mostrado que en años recientes una mayor proporción de las aves es incapaz de incrementar su peso hasta los niveles necesarios para la migración hacia las áreas de invernada. Esto probablemente es debido a reducciones en su principal recurso alimenticio, los huevos de Limulus polyphemus. El incremento en mortalidad resultante podría explicar la magnitud y la severidad de las disminuciones poblacionales que observamos.

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Evolution of moult-migration is directly linked to aridity of the breeding grounds in North American passerines

Biology Letters ◽

10.1098/rsbl.2020.0155 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (6) ◽

pp. 20200155

Author(s):

Claudie Pageau ◽

Christopher M. Tonra ◽

Mateen Shaikh ◽

Nancy J. Flood ◽

Matthew W. Reudink

Keyword(s):

North American ◽

Vegetation Index ◽

Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽

Autumn Migration ◽

Western North America ◽

Migration Distance ◽

Migration Strategy ◽

Breeding Grounds ◽

Breeding Migration ◽

Moult Migration

To avoid energy allocation conflicts, birds generally separate breeding, migration and moult during the annual cycle. North American passerines typically moult on the breeding grounds prior to autumn migration. However, some have evolved a moult-migration strategy in which they delay moult until stopping over during autumn migration. Rohwer et al . (2005) proposed the ‘push–pull hypothesis' as an explanation for the evolution of this moult strategy, but it has not been empirically tested. Poor conditions on the breeding grounds at the end of the summer would push birds to depart prior to moult, while productive stopover locations would pull them. We tested for a relationship between moult-migration and breeding grounds aridity as measured by the normalized difference vegetation index. Our results strongly support the ‘push' aspect of the push–pull hypothesis and indicate that arid breeding grounds, primarily in western North America, would drive species to evolve stopover moult-migration, although this relationship may depend upon migration distance.

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