16. Federations and food systems: organizations for enhancing rural livelihoods; Institutional biases: who sets the research and extension agenda in Amazonia?; Will farmer participatory research survive in the International Agricultural Research Centres?

1994 ◽  
pp. 220-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony J. Bebbington ◽  
Jorge Uquillas ◽  
Sam Fujisaka
Keyword(s):  
Participatory Research ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
International Agricultural Research ◽  
Farmer Participatory Research ◽  
Research Centres

Patents and the CGIAR system of International Agricultural Research Centres' germplasm collections under the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture

2004 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Lawson
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
International Treaty ◽  
International Agricultural Research ◽  
Germplasm Collections ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Research Centres

A key controversy in negotiating the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, and the likely long-term effectiveness of the agreement, is the way in which the intellectual property provisions are interpreted and applied to the key genetic resources forming the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) system of International Agricultural Research Centres' (IARC) collections. This paper reviews the intellectual property provisions in the treaty and examines the likely consequences from patenting under the Patents Act 1990 over materials derived from these collections. The consequence is argued to be significant and, over time, these practices are likely to deplete the usefulness of these collections and undermine the relevance of the treaty. The paper concludes that Australia's interests might best be served by arguing that access to these collections, and the other materials under the treaty, be subject to a non-exclusive, royalty free licence for any use of the derived materials to develop useful new plant varieties.

Farmer Participatory Research: Editorial Introduction

1988 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Farrington
Keyword(s):  
Participatory Research ◽  
Support Services ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Editorial Introduction ◽  
Participatory Approaches ◽  
Farmer Participatory Research ◽  
Key Issues

SUMMARYThis paper places the participatory approaches to research presented in the six following papers into the broader debate on priorities in agricultural research and on the role of specific approaches to research. It reviews the principal features of the approaches outlined, the extent to which they have been incorporated into existing institutions such as national agricultural research services, and their implications for support services. Key issues which future participatory research should address are highlighted.

scholarly journals Agricultural innovation and inclusive value-chain development: a review

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andre Devaux ◽  
Maximo Torero ◽  
Jason Donovan ◽  
Douglas Horton
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
The State ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
International Agricultural Research ◽  
Current State ◽  
Emerging Issues

Purpose The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to take stock of the current state of knowledge about inclusive value-chain development (VCD) in the context of international agricultural research; and second, to draw out the implications for future research and action. Design/methodology/approach This paper is based on a review of recent research papers authored by professionals affiliated with international agricultural research centers and their partners in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Findings The studies reviewed in the paper identify the opportunities emerging from new and expanding markets for agricultural products and challenges to smallholder participation in these markets. It identifies key attributes of successful value-chain interventions, emphasizing the importance of combining value-chain approaches with other approaches, including those emerging from innovation systems and rural livelihoods frameworks. Methods are offered for evaluating complex value-chain interventions. Research limitations/implications The paper summarizes the state of knowledge as of early 2016 in a dynamic field. Important contributions to knowledge may have been made since then. Originality/value The paper summarizes the state of knowledge in the field, and identifies emerging issues and policy implications, knowledge gaps, and priorities for future applied research.

Adaptation of Flowering in Crops to Climate

1993 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Roberts ◽  
Rod Summerfield ◽  
Richard Ellis ◽  
Aiming Qi
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
International Agricultural Research ◽  
Plant Environment ◽  
Genetic Responses ◽  
Research Centres

Recent work at the Plant Environment Laboratory at Reading, carried out in collaboration with several International Agricultural Research Centres, has led to a model which characterizes and quantifies the separate genetic responses in crops to daylength and temperature that determine when flowering occurs. These responses are illustrated here for soyabean and we discuss briefly how the model is contributing to crop improvement in other species.

Biotechnology and biosafety developments at the international agricultural research centres

1992 ◽  
Vol 99 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 165-172
Author(s):  
Richard L. Sawyer
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
International Agricultural Research ◽  
Crop Varieties ◽  
Increase Food Production ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Planting Materials ◽  
Public And Private Sector ◽  
Research Centres

SynopsisAdvances in biotechnology are creating opportunities to increase food production in developing countries and reduce or eliminate the environmental problems associated with conventional farming practices. International agricultural research centres have used the techniques of modern molecular biology for more than a decade, mostly for tissue culture and the elimination of virus diseases in planting materials. As the centres expand their use of the new tools of biotechnology, the focus of their work is shifting. The centres are playing an even larger role in linking developing countries' scientists with colleagues in public and private sector institutions in the developed world. They are also using the new techniques to speed up the development of pest- and disease-resistant crop varieties. Whenever possible they are developing collaborative links with institutions that have the experience and infrastructure needed to carry out advanced molecular research, thus minimising the need for expensive, highly sophisticated in-house capabilities.

The Role of Research and Innovation in the Transformation of Agri-Food Systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-63
Author(s):  
Mariana Sandu ◽  
Stefan Mantea
Keyword(s):  
Technological Progress ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Food System ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Determinant Factor ◽  
Rapid Transformation

Abstract Agri-food systems include branching ramifications, which connect in the upstream the input suppliers with farmers, and downstream farmers, processors, retailers and consumers. In the last decades, at the level of the regions, food systems have undergone rapid transformation as a result of technological progress. The paper analyzes the changes made to the structure, behavior and performance of the agri-food system and the impact on farmers and consumers. Also, the role of agricultural research as a determinant factor of transformation of agri-food system is analyzed. The research objective is to develop technologies that cover the entire food chain (from farm to fork) and meet the specific requirements of consumers (from fork to farm) through scientific solutions in line with the principles of sustainable agriculture and ensuring the safety and food safety of the population.

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