scholarly journals Property Evaluation of Tungsten-Carbide Hard Materials as a Function of Fe Contents

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (8) ◽  
pp. 533-539
Author(s):  
Ju-Hun Kim ◽  
Jeong-Han Lee ◽  
Junho Jang ◽  
Ik-Hyun Oh ◽  
Sung-Kil Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Milled Powder ◽  
Mixed Powder ◽  
Hard Materials ◽  
Property Evaluation ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Powder Samples ◽  
Spark Plasma ◽  
Sintering Method

In this study, consolidated WC-Fe compacts as a function of Fe contents were fabricated by a spark plasma sintering method, following the mixed by the ball-milled powder. Fe among the metallic binders was added to WC enhance not only the driving force of sintering process but also suppressing the grain growth. WC-Fe mixed powder samples were fabricated with 5, 10 and 15 wt.% Fe contents, and the particle sizes of the mixed powders were determined to be 2.15 to 3.15 µm, respectively. The WC-Fe mixed powders were processed by spark plasma sintering, at a sintering temperature of 1300 oC. Consequently, the relative densities of the WC-5, 10 and 15 wt.% Fe sintered-bodies were about 99.2, 99.5 and 100%, respectively. The grain sizes of the WC-5, 10 and 15 wt.% Fe sintered-bodies were about 0.92, 0.98 and 1.02 µm, respectively. The Fe particles penetrated into the WC particles by dissolving and re-precipitation, and the final sintered bodies were completely densified. The mechanical properties of the WC-Fe sintered-bodies exhibited a hardness up to 1934 kg·mm2 and a fracture toughness above 6.88 MPa·m1/2. The microstructure behavior of the WC-Fe sintered-bodies was investigated in terms of mechanical properties to examine their properties for various Fe contents. In addition, the mechanical and physical properties were compared with the reported values for other sintering-processes, i.e. HFIHS, HIP, etc.

scholarly journals Rapid Consolidation of WC-ZrSiO4 Hard Materials by Spark Plasma Sintering: Microstructure, Densification, and Mechanical Properties

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeong-Han Lee ◽  
Ik-Hyun Oh ◽  
Ju-Hun Kim ◽  
Sung-Kil Hong ◽  
Hyun-Kuk Park
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Lattice Distortion ◽  
Hard Materials ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Microcrack Propagation ◽  
Spark Plasma ◽  
Crack Tips ◽  
Ductile Component ◽  
Constant Heating

Abstract Densely consolidated WC-based hard materials with 5–20 vol% ZrSiO4 was fabricated by spark plasma sintering at 1400 ℃ at a constant heating rate of 70 ℃/min−1. To achieve mechanical alloying of WC-ZrSiO4, planetary ball milling was carried out for 12 h, during which the brittle-brittle components (WC-ZrSiO4) became fragmented and their particles became refined. It was observed that certain, specific, non-isothermal sintering kinetics, such as apparent activation energy, sintering exponents, and densification strain, affected the densification behavior. The evolution of phase structure from powder to compact was found to be related the lattice distortion and micro-strain in the basal planes of WC. By examining the mechanical properties of the samples, it was that the added zircon content leads to enhanced fracture toughness (12.9 MPa m1/2) owing to the presence of WC-ZrSiO4 in the cemented carbide. In fact, the microcrack propagation of the fracture passed through zircon from a transgranular to a ductile component (fcc) where the crack tips could be absorbed. Graphic Abstract

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of ZrO2(Y2O3)-Al2O3 Nano Composites Prepared by Spark Plasma Sintering

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shufeng Li ◽  
Hiroshi Izui ◽  
Michiharu Okano ◽  
Weihua Zhang ◽  
Taku Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Alumina Ceramic ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sintering Behavior ◽  
Nanocomposite Powder ◽  
Mixed Powder ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Spark Plasma

Zirconia (Y2O3)-alumina ceramic nanocomposites were fabricated by spark plasma sintering (SPS). A commercially available nanocomposite powder TZP-3Y20A was used as starting powder, the other from conventionally mechanical mixed powder 3YSZ-20A used for comparison. The effect of sintering temperature on the densification, sintering behavior, mechanical properties, and microstructure of the composites were investigated. The results show that the density increase with increasing of sintering temperature, and thus mechanical properties were strengthened with enhancing of densification. The nanocomposite powder TZP-3Y20A was easily sintered and good mechanical properties were achieved, compared with the powder from conventionally mechanical mixed, where the maximum strength and toughness of composites are 967 MPa and 5.27 MPam1/2, respectively.

scholarly journals Effect of Short Attritor-Milling of Magnesium Alloy Powder Prior to Spark Plasma Sintering

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 3973
Author(s):  
Peter Minárik ◽  
Mária Zemková ◽  
Michal Knapek ◽  
Stanislav Šašek ◽  
Jan Dittrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Alloy Powder ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Milled Powder ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Attritor Milling ◽  
Spark Plasma ◽  
Superior Mechanical Properties

The spark plasma sintering (SPS) technique was employed to prepare compacts from (i) gas-atomized and (ii) attritor-milled AE42 magnesium powder. Short attritor-milling was used mainly to disrupt the MgO shell covering the powder particles and, in turn, to enhance consolidation during sintering. Compacts prepared by SPS from the milled powder featured finer microstructures than compacts consolidated from gas-atomized powder (i.e., without milling), regardless of the sintering temperatures in the range of 400–550 °C. Furthermore, the grain growth associated with the increase in the sintering temperature in these samples was less pronounced than in the samples prepared from gas-atomized particles. Consequently, the mechanical properties were significantly enhanced in the material made of milled powder. Apart from grain refinement, the improvements in mechanical performance were attributed to the synergic effect of the irregular shape of the milled particles and better consolidation due to effectively disrupted MgO shells, thus suppressing the crack formation and propagation during loading. These results suggest that relatively short milling of magnesium alloy powder can be effectively used to achieve superior mechanical properties during consolidation by SPS even at relatively low temperatures.

scholarly journals Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of AA7075 Aluminum Alloy Fabricated by Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS)

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 430
Author(s):  
Elder Soares ◽  
Nadège Bouchonneau ◽  
Elizeth Alves ◽  
Kleber Alves ◽  
Oscar Araújo Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Milled Powder ◽  
Uniaxial Pressure ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Technology Applications ◽  
Spark Plasma ◽  
Size And Morphology

AA7075 aluminum alloy is widely used for several high-technology applications for its high mechanical strength to weight ratio but is still the subject of several studies seeking a further increase in its mechanical properties. A commercial powder is used, either as-received or after ball-milling. Dense AA7075 samples are prepared in one step by Spark Plasma Sintering, at 550 °C with a holding time of 15 min and a uniaxial pressure of 100 MPa. No additional heat treatment is performed. Laser granulometry, X-ray diffraction and optical- and scanning electron microscopy show that both grain size and morphology are preserved in the dense samples, due to the relatively low temperature and short sintering time used. The samples prepared using the ball-milled powder exhibit both higher Vickers microhardness and transverse fracture strength values than those prepared using the raw powder, reflecting the finer microstructure.

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