Thomas Reid: Philosophy, Science, and the Christian Revelation

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-38
Author(s):  
Roberto Di Ceglie
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Divine Revelation ◽  
Human Knowledge ◽  
Thomas Reid ◽  
Philosophical Reflection ◽  
Scientific Investigations ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One

Two significant aspects of Thomas Reid's thought seem to be irreconcilable with one another. On the one hand, Reid constantly refers to the substantive benefits which human knowledge receives from the Christian revelation. On the other hand, he does not justify philosophical or scientific beliefs by way of appeal to God. In this essay, I argue that a closer inspection of both Reid's philosophical reflection and scientific investigations shows that the two aspects just mentioned are compatible with one another. In short, although an influence on rational investigation is somehow exerted by divine revelation, this does not limit the autonomy of reason, which is actually stimulated and promoted precisely because of a religiously rooted confidence in our rational faculties.

scholarly journals Algemeen of bijzonder Christelijke ethiek in een moderne cultuur

1998 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Velema
Keyword(s):  
World View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Christian Faith ◽  
Divine Revelation ◽  
Moral Issues ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One

In this article the author investigates the relation between faith/revelation on the one hand and ethics on the other; the relation between the "particular” and the “general”. It is argued that Rendtorff and Pannen­berg are basically in agreement that ethics does not depend on Christian faith and divine revelation, although there is a connection between the two. On the other hand, the author of this article (in agreement with Douma) relates faith/revelation and ethics very closely: ethics is directed by a life and world view - a stance illustrated by a discussion on abortion and euthanasia. The issue of consensus on moral issues between Christians and non-Christians should be resolved from the perspective of the general goodness of God and his law, given to all men.

scholarly journals De incertidumbre no se muere. Un desafío no resuelto sobre verdad y conocimiento = Uncertainty does not kill. An open challenge about truth and knowledge

2019 ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Elena Marchese ◽  
Jorge Baquerizo
Keyword(s):  
Procedural Knowledge ◽  
The Other ◽  
Philosophical Reflection ◽  
Absolute Certainty ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
The One

Resumen: La idea de certeza absoluta, típica del primer realismo alético, ha encontrado en la ley un hábitat ideal en el que se ha enraizado profundamente. La insostenibilidad epistemológica de esta noción, y el daño que ha causado a la reflexión jurídica, han sido denunciados de manera clara: tanto por Luigi Ferrajoli, como por la dogmática iusfilosófica que ha seguido sus ideas (los llamados «teóricos del hecho»). En este trabajo intento, por una parte, analizar la labor de estos teóricos, aportando elementos de reflexión sobre el tema de la verdad y del conocimiento judicial; por otra parte, también intento mostrar que la «rehabilitación» del realismo alético, en el ámbito jurídico, subsiste todavía como un problema abierto y lleno de interés para la reflexión filosófica. Palabras clave: verdad, conocimiento procesal, teóricos del hecho, Ferrajoli, realismo y antirealismo alético.Abstract: The idea of absolute certainty -typical of the first alethic realism- found an ideal habitat in Law and it rooted deeply into it. The epistemological unsustainability of this notion and the harms it caused to the legal debate were denounced clearly by Luigi Ferrajoli and the following scholars (i.e. the «fact-theorists»). This paper is aimed, on the one hand, at assessing the work of these jurists and provide food for thought on the topics of truth and procedural knowledge; on the other hand, it tries to show that the problem of the «rehabilitation» of alethic realism in the legal field still remains open and full of interest for the philosophical reflection. Keywords: truth, judicial knowledge, fact-theorists, Ferrajoli, alethic realism and anti-realism. 

scholarly journals Od Fichtego do Kanta i z powrotem. Kilka uwag o Marka J. Siemka idei transcendentalizmu

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Hanuszkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Static Model ◽  
The Other ◽  
Philosophical Reflection ◽  
Epistemological Question ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One

From Fichte to Kant and back. Several considerations on Marek J. Siemek’s concept of transcendentalism: The basic interpretation claim presented in Marek J. Siemek’s book is that Kant created a completely new level of philosophical reflection, for which the epistemological question remains characteristic. This question — in contrast to the epistemic questions posed before Kant — neither solely focuses on the problem of the ontic structure of the reality nor it does on the cognitive conditions which enable a subject to get to know the latter. The epistemological question deals with the very relationship that occurs between the cognition (subject) and the reality (object) and constitutes both the ontological and cognitive conditions of knowledge. According to Siemek, Kant developed a transcendental perspective, but only Fichte was able to fully develop it, while Kant dealt with interweaving epistemic and epistemological threads. However, one can defend the thesis that Kantian solutions, on the one hand, are much more strongly situated on the epistemological level of reflection than Siemek was ready to admit, and on the other hand, they offer a weaker (static) model of transcendentalism which — in contrast to the stronger (genetic) Fichte’s model — explores only the impassable limits of transcendental reflection.

The sovereignty of revelation: On Paul Ricœur’s hermeneutics of revelation

2021 ◽  
pp. 000842982110448
Author(s):  
Balázs M Mezei
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Divine Revelation ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Human Understanding ◽  
The One ◽  
Central Term

In this article I overview Paul Ricœur’s understanding of divine revelation on the basis of some of his relevant writings. I argue that Ricœur’s hermeneutics of revelation has two aspects: on the one hand Ricœur’s explains the complex ways of acquiring and interpreting divine revelation especially with respect to the Bible; on the other hand, he acknowledges that revelation, originating in God’s freedom, is immediately given. In Ricœur’s view, the understanding of this immediacy is tainted by the presence of evil in human understanding which hinders the realization of revelation itself. As a critique of this standpoint I argue that the immediate givenness of revelation is logically and phenomenologically presupposed in our interpretations. Any hermeneutics of revelation entails a phenomenology of revelation. This phenomenology contains both the self-founding of human beings and, at the same time, the recognition of the absoluteness of the divine. Husserl’s phenomenology offers a way to the understanding of the immediacy of revelation through his central term of Eigenheitlichkeit. Ricœur understands this term not as genuine reality but rather as appartenance, ‘belonging to’, and reshapes its meaning in line with a hermeneutical naturalism. This explains his difficulty to conceive properly the sovereignty of revelation and the importance of phenomenology in the understanding of its immediate character.

Greek Seers and Israelite-Jewish Prophets

2007 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-482
Author(s):  
Armin Lange
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Divine Revelation ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Near Eastern ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
The One

AbstractAncient Greek seers (manteis) and Ancient Near Eastern prophets have often been compared with each other. Although in rare cases Greek seers communicate a divine message to a wider audience and are thus comparable to Ancient Near Eastern prophets and Israelite-Jewish prophets in particular, Greek seers are distinctly different from Ancient Near Eastern prophets. In most cases Greek seers employ forms of deductive divination while the use of deductive divination is the exception with Israelite-Jewish prophets. If Greek seers use intuitive divination they do not rely on divine revelations but have special ability to perceive more than normal human beings. Although Ancient Near Eastern prophets and Greek manteis do thus not equate, the comparison of the two sheds better light on the characteristics of both. On the one hand, the Ancient Near Eastern understanding of the prophet emphasizes heavily his reliance on divine revelation. This is especially true for Israelite and Jewish prophets. On the other hand, the Greek mantis acts mostly as a diviner in his own right. His special insights and knowledge go back to his abilities.

What does Divination Mean for Plato’s Socrates? On the Relationship between Being and the Good

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-92
Author(s):  
Huaiyuan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Divine Revelation ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Rational Reflection ◽  
Ultimate Objective ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Rational Process ◽  
Object Of Knowledge

Has philosophy ever completed a transition from divine revelation to rational reflection? Has it been Plato’s goal? In this paper I will establish and examine a parallel between divination and philosophy embodied in Plato’s Socrates. I will cite instances from both directions to analyze Plato’s indecision concerning a philosophical treatment of divination: On the one hand, Plato renovates the cultural stock of divination to supplement the rational process of Socratic dialectics. In particular, when he makes a proposal not as a proven proposition, but as the starting point of discussion, Socrates frequently helps himself to divinatory language. On the other hand, Plato does not seem to abandon the nondiscursive elements in his narrative, especially since the vision of the ultimate objective of the Platonic-Socratic project, i.e. the Good, requires a resort to divination. The indecision is reflected in the textual ambivalence as to whether the being of the Good transcends other forms or is on a par with other forms as the noblest form. Based on the correlation between the power of knowledge and the object of knowledge, I will argue that the epistemic entanglement of divination with reason in Plato’s approach corresponds to the ambiguous relationship between being and the Good in Plato’s ethically imbued metaphysical scheme. Since Plato presents Socrates as a seer in the aforementioned occasions, I will further suggest that Plato presents himself as a collector of oracles by preserving Socratic’s teaching in writing, whose ultimate meanings are open to interpretation and debate.

scholarly journals Pembacaan Ulang Terhadap Imamah Sholat Perempuan

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 213
Author(s):  
Nurun Najwah
Keyword(s):  
Religious Discourse ◽  
The Other ◽  
Divine Revelation ◽  
Women Leadership ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Status ◽  
The One ◽  
The Right ◽  
Status Of Women ◽  
Muslim Scholars

The debates over the degree of authority belong to women have been heavily developed on the ground of religious discourse. One of the most ctusial points is the leadership of women in mixed congregation where women and men are aprticipating in the prayers. The majority of Muslim scholars consider that women leadership in mixed congregation is out of question of contextulization reasoning of religious precept. On the one hand, the presence of Muhammad as the Prophet who conveyed the divine revelation has been seen as improving the status of women and their space as so equal to men as shoum clearly in surat An-Niso' (4): 124. On the other hand, however, there are also verses that claimed by scholars, which reduce women's rights, and there are also scholars who have denied women's access and rights to compete with men in good deeds (fastabiqul khairat). This article is specifically addressing and arguing for reinterpreting the right of women to lead mixed congregated prayers by ways of integrating dialectic discourse of Qur'anic verses and prophetic examplary actions.

Stories and the Self

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Krause ◽  
Markus Appel
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lower Degree ◽  
Contrast Effects ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Implicit And Explicit

Abstract. Two experiments examined the influence of stories on recipients’ self-perceptions. Extending prior theory and research, our focus was on assimilation effects (i.e., changes in self-perception in line with a protagonist’s traits) as well as on contrast effects (i.e., changes in self-perception in contrast to a protagonist’s traits). In Experiment 1 ( N = 113), implicit and explicit conscientiousness were assessed after participants read a story about either a diligent or a negligent student. Moderation analyses showed that highly transported participants and participants with lower counterarguing scores assimilate the depicted traits of a story protagonist, as indicated by explicit, self-reported conscientiousness ratings. Participants, who were more critical toward a story (i.e., higher counterarguing) and with a lower degree of transportation, showed contrast effects. In Experiment 2 ( N = 103), we manipulated transportation and counterarguing, but we could not identify an effect on participants’ self-ascribed level of conscientiousness. A mini meta-analysis across both experiments revealed significant positive overall associations between transportation and counterarguing on the one hand and story-consistent self-reported conscientiousness on the other hand.

Radioimmunotherapy for treatment of acute myeloid leukaemia and myelodysplastic syndrome

2005 ◽  
Vol 44 (03) ◽  
pp. 107-117
Author(s):  
R. G. Meyer ◽  
W. Herr ◽  
A. Helisch ◽  
P. Bartenstein ◽  
I. Buchmann
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukaemia ◽  
Myeloid Leukaemia ◽  
Primary Tumour ◽  
The Other ◽  
Haematopoietic Stem Cell ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Primary Reduction ◽  
The One ◽  
Acute Myeloid

SummaryThe prognosis of patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) has improved considerably by introduction of aggressive consolidation chemotherapy and haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT). Nevertheless, only 20-30% of patients with AML achieve long-term diseasefree survival after SCT. The most common cause of treatment failure is relapse. Additionally, mortality rates are significantly increased by therapy-related causes such as toxicity of chemotherapy and complications of SCT. Including radioimmunotherapies in the treatment of AML and myelodyplastic syndrome (MDS) allows for the achievement of a pronounced antileukaemic effect for the reduction of relapse rates on the one hand. On the other hand, no increase of acute toxicity and later complications should be induced. These effects are important for the primary reduction of tumour cells as well as for the myeloablative conditioning before SCT.This paper provides a systematic and critical review of the currently used radionuclides and immunoconjugates for the treatment of AML and MDS and summarizes the literature on primary tumour cell reductive radioimmunotherapies on the one hand and conditioning radioimmunotherapies before SCT on the other hand.

The Salvage of Ideas: Schumpeter and the Core Problems Still Confronting Economics

2003 ◽  
pp. 15-26
Author(s):  
P. Wynarczyk
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
The Core ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One

Two aspects of Schumpeter' legacy are analyzed in the article. On the one hand, he can be viewed as the custodian of the neoclassical harvest supplementing to its stock of inherited knowledge. On the other hand, the innovative character of his works is emphasized that allows to consider him a proponent of hetherodoxy. It is stressed that Schumpeter's revolutionary challenge can lead to radical changes in modern economics.

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