‘This Rude Laboure’: Lord Berners' Translation Methods and Prose Style in Castell of Love

Natural Language Processing for under-resourced languages is now a mainstream research area. However, there are limited studies on Natural Language Processing applications for many indigenous East African languages. As a contribution to covering the current gap of knowledge, this paper focuses on evaluating the application of well-established machine translation methods for one heavily under-resourced indigenous East African language called Lumasaaba. Specifically, we review the most common machine translation methods in the context of Lumasaaba including both rule-based and data-driven methods. Then we apply a state of the art data-driven machine translation method to learn models for automating translation between Lumasaaba and English using a very limited data set of parallel sentences. Automatic evaluation results show that a transformer-based Neural Machine Translation model architecture leads to consistently better BLEU scores than the recurrent neural network-based models. Moreover, the automatically generated translations can be comprehended to a reasonable extent and are usually associated with the source language input.

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Vernon Lee’s Novel Construction

Nineteenth-Century Literature ◽

10.1525/ncl.2020.75.3.346 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 75 (3) ◽

pp. 346-371

Author(s):

Irena Yamboliev

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

Literary Practice ◽

Prose Style ◽

Sentence Level

Irena Yamboliev, “Vernon Lee’s Novel Construction” (pp. 346–371) This essay proposes that we understand Vernon Lee’s debut novel, Miss Brown (1884), as enacting a theory of literary language’s constructive potency that Lee develops in her critical essays. Those critical essays offer a vibrant nineteenth-century formalism, suggesting how fiction constructs and formalizes our realities, shaping readers’ mental and emotional circuits as it arranges phrases, sentences, and paragraphs. In Miss Brown, Lee crafts a prose style that meticulously tracks the protagonist’s formation—the “little dramas of expectation, fulfilment and disappointment,…of tensions and relaxations”—rendering that formation as a drama of sentence-level structuration. The resulting “representation” of Anne Brown is interrupted with adjective-rich stretches conspicuously geared toward defining, formulating, and theorizing what is being represented, essay-like. By treating the protagonist as an occasion to foreground syntax’s active building and abstracting, Miss Brown’s prose partakes in the kind of literary practice that has recently been described as nonmimetic realism—realism that does more than denote and refer and reflect what is, and instead performs, meditating on form’s process, to project and inform new potentialities.

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Multi-Resolution Autoregressive Graph-to-Graph Translation for Molecules

10.26434/chemrxiv.8266745.v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Wengong Jin ◽

Regina Barzilay ◽

Tommi S Jaakkola

Keyword(s):

Drug Discovery ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Molecular Graph ◽

Biochemical Properties ◽

Large Margin ◽

Previous State ◽

Translation Methods ◽

Atom Level ◽

Precursor Molecules ◽

Prior State

The problem of accelerating drug discovery relies heavily on automatic tools to optimize precursor molecules to afford them with better biochemical properties. Our work in this paper substantially extends prior state-of-the-art on graph-to-graph translation methods for molecular optimization. In particular, we realize coherent multi-resolution representations by interweaving trees over substructures with the atom-level encoding of the original molecular graph. Moreover, our graph decoder is fully autoregressive, and interleaves each step of adding a new substructure with the process of resolving its connectivity to the emerging molecule. We evaluate our model on multiple molecular optimization tasks and show that our model outperforms previous state-of-the-art baselines by a large margin.

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John Henry Newman

10.1093/oso/9780198737827.003.0007 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Michael D. Hurley

Keyword(s):

John Henry Newman ◽

Seminal Work ◽

Non Fiction ◽

Prose Style ◽

Definition Of

Newman has been much vaunted as a ‘master’ of non-fiction prose style, and justly so. His felicity of phrasing is astonishing: so precise, so elegant, so vivid. This chapter admires Newman’s stylistic achievements too, but with a view to explaining why Newman himself baulked at such praise, by insisting instead on the importance of veracity over verbalism. While a number of different writings by Newman are surveyed in the course of the chapter, the argument comes to focus in particular on his seminal work of faith, Grammar of Assent, a book that took him some twenty years to write, which almost killed him, and which best exemplifies his suggestive but enigmatic definition of ‘style’ as ‘a thinking out into language’.

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Ifs, Buts, and Maybes

10.1093/oso/9780198766148.003.0003 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Ben Masters

Keyword(s):

Prose Style ◽

Ethics And Politics

This chapter traces the fraught relationship between curiosity and explication in Carter’s major novels, and demonstrates how Carter’s experiments with grammatical modalities and syntax create a stylistically embodied curiosity that is responsive to uncertainty and contingency. It goes on to delineate an ethics of extrapolation, as enacted by Carter’s prose style, that draws us into a new kind of perception, and argues that this is fundamentally linked to what Carter called her ‘committed materialism’. Drawing on the work of thinkers and writers as diverse as Elaine Scarry, A.C. Bradley, Geoffrey Galt Harpham, Alex Houen, and William Burroughs, this chapter recovers Carter’s artistry (too often overlooked), to show how her ethics and politics are achieved first and foremost through the particulars of her extravagant prose style.

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A GAN-based temporally stable shading model for fast animation of photorealistic hair

Computational Visual Media ◽

10.1007/s41095-020-0201-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Zhi Qiao ◽

Takashi Kanai

Keyword(s):

Main Idea ◽

Temporal Coherence ◽

Image Translation ◽

Translation Methods

AbstractWe introduce an unsupervised GAN-based model for shading photorealistic hair animations. Our model is much faster than previous rendering algorithms and produces fewer artifacts than other neural image translation methods. The main idea is to extend the Cycle-GAN structure to avoid semitransparent hair appearance and to exactly reproduce the interaction of the lights with the scene. We use two constraints to ensure temporal coherence and highlight stability. Our approach outperforms and is computationally more efficient than previous methods.

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The Poetry of Justice: Hesiod and the Origins of Greek Law

Ramus ◽

10.1017/s0048671x00002678 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 61-78 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Michael Gagarin

Keyword(s):

Law And Literature ◽

First Century ◽

Legal Scholarship ◽

Prose Style ◽

Legal Writing ◽

Prose Literature ◽

The Many ◽

Specific Concern

A growing area of contemporary legal scholarship is the field loosely described by the expression ‘law and literature’. One of the many points of intersection between law and literature is the study of legal writing, including the opinions of judges and jurists, as a form of literature. Scholars began to study the works of the Attic orators as literature as early as the first century BC, but their specific concern was with these texts as examples of Attic prose and their literary interest primarily concerned matters of rhetoric and prose style. Similarly, modern scholars who have continued this study of the orators have generally examined legal orations not as a separate genre but as another example of prose literature in the same category with history or epideictic oratory. But forensic oratory can also be studied as a form of literature sui generis, whose worth is determined by the special requirements of this genre. As background for such a study I propose to examine the earliest examples of legal oratory, as seen in the works of Homer and Hesiod.

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Translation and cultural adaptation of the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire into Danish using the dual-panel approach: comparison with outcomes from an alternative translation approach

BMC Research Notes ◽

10.1186/s13104-021-05640-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jannie Tygesen Schmidt ◽

Josephine Nielsen ◽

Allan Riis ◽

Birgit Tine Larsen

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽

Culturally Adapted ◽

The Us ◽

Physical Activity Recommendations ◽

Approach Method ◽

Translation Methods ◽

Activity Questionnaire

Abstract Objective Physical activity reduces the risk of pregnancy-related complications. However, pregnant women often reduce their physical activity levels and do not follow the WHO’s physical activity recommendations during pregnancy. To support pregnant women in monitoring physical activity, the self-administered Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire was developed in the US. We translated and cross-cultural adapted the questionnaire using the dual approach method. Meanwhile, and without knowing this, another Danish group simultaneously translated the questionnaire using the method described by Beaton et al. The aim is to present our data and discuss the unplanned purpose of comparing the results from using two different translation methods. Results We translated and cross-culturally adapted the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire to Danish with the following findings. Two additional items for cycling were included. Three items about spending time on a computer, reading, writing or talking on the phone were not feasible in terms of differentiating between them and these were merged into one item. The item ‘Taking care of an older adult’ was found to be irrelevant in a Danish setting and was removed. Adaptions were similar comparing the two methods. Consequently, using the dual-panel and the methods suggested by Beaton et al. yield similar results when translating and cultural adapting the PPAQ.

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