To the issue of functional efficiency of CCTV systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-98
Author(s):  
Ekaterina V Lendel ◽  
◽  
Victor S. Ratushnyak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Efficiency

scholarly journals Modulation of Chicken Intestinal Immune Gene Expression by Small Cationic Peptides as Feed Additives during the First Week Posthatch

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 1440-1448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael H. Kogut ◽  
Kenneth J. Genovese ◽  
Haiqi He ◽  
Christina L. Swaggerty ◽  
Yiwei Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Cationic Peptides ◽  
Type I ◽  
Immune Gene ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Functional Efficiency

ABSTRACTWe have been investigating modulation strategies tailored around the selective stimulation of the host's immune system as an alternative to direct targeting of microbial pathogens by antibiotics. One such approach is the use of a group of small cationic peptides (BT) produced by a Gram-positive soil bacterium,Brevibacillus texasporus. These peptides have immune modulatory properties that enhance both leukocyte functional efficiency and leukocyte proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine mRNA transcription activitiesin vitro. In addition, when provided as a feed additive for just 4 days posthatch, BT peptides significantly induce a concentration-dependent protection against cecal and extraintestinal colonization bySalmonella entericaserovar Enteritidis. In the present studies, we assessed the effects of feeding BT peptides on transcriptional changes on proinflammatory cytokines, inflammatory chemokines, and Toll-like receptors (TLR) in the ceca of broiler chickens with and withoutS. Enteritidis infection. After feeding a BT peptide-supplemented diet for the first 4 days posthatch, chickens were then challenged withS. Enteritidis, and intestinal gene expression was measured at 1 or 7 days postinfection (p.i.) (5 or 11 days of age). Intestinal expression of innate immune mRNA transcripts was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Analysis of relative mRNA expression showed that a BT peptide-supplemented diet did not directly induce the transcription of proinflammatory cytokine, inflammatory chemokine, type I/II interferon (IFN), or TLR mRNA in chicken cecum. However, feeding the BT peptide-supplemented diet primed cecal tissue for increased (P≤ 0.05) transcription of TLR4, TLR15, and TLR21 upon infection withS. Enteritidis on days 1 and 7 p.i. Likewise, feeding the BT peptides primed the cecal tissue for increased transcription of proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin 1β [IL-1β], IL-6, IL-18, type I and II IFNs) and inflammatory chemokine (CxCLi2) in response toS. Enteritidis infection 1 and 7 days p.i. compared to the chickens fed the basal diet. These small cationic peptides may prove useful as alternatives to antibiotics as local immune modulators in neonatal poultry by providing prophylactic protection againstSalmonellainfections.

scholarly journals Hydrolytic Modification of SiO2 Microspheres with Na2SiO3 and the Performance of Supported Nano-TiO2 Composite Photocatalyst

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2553
Author(s):  
Yu Tu ◽  
Weihua Ao ◽  
Chunhong Wang ◽  
Tianyu Ren ◽  
Lijuan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Nano Tio2 ◽  
Amorphous Sio2 ◽  
Composite Photocatalyst ◽  
Sio2 Shell ◽  
Functional Efficiency ◽  
Sio2 Microspheres ◽  
Better Than

Modified microspheres (SiO2-M) were obtained by the hydrolytic modification of silicon dioxide (SiO2) microspheres with Na2SiO3, and then, SiO2-M was used as a carrier to prepare a composite photocatalyst (SiO2-M/TiO2) using the sol-gel method; i.e., nano-TiO2 was loaded on the surface of SiO2-M. The structure, morphology, and photocatalytic properties of SiO2-M/TiO2 were investigated. Besides, the mechanism of the effect of SiO2-M was also explored. The results show that the hydrolytic modification of Na2SiO3 coated the surface of SiO2 microspheres with an amorphous SiO2 shell layer and increased the quantity of hydroxyl groups. The photocatalytic performance of the composite photocatalyst was slightly better than that of pure nano-TiO2 and significantly better than that of the composite photocatalyst supported by unmodified SiO2. Thus, increasing the loading capacity of nano-TiO2, improving the dispersion of TiO2, and increasing the active surface sites are essential factors for improving the functional efficiency of nano-TiO2. This work provides a new concept for the design of composite photocatalysts by optimizing the performance of the carrier.

Functional efficiency of mitochondrial membrane of rats with hepatic chronic iron overload

1984 ◽  
Vol 124 (2) ◽  
pp. 462-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Masini ◽  
Tommaso Trenti ◽  
Ezio Ventura ◽  
Daniela Ceccarelli-Stanzani ◽  
Umberto Muscatello
Keyword(s):  
Iron Overload ◽  
Mitochondrial Membrane ◽  
Functional Efficiency

Vascular Density Changes after Nanosecond Laser Therapy in Dry AMD

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitova Daniela
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Functional Improvement ◽  
Vascular Density ◽  
Nanosecond Laser ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
Functional Efficiency ◽  
Dry Amd ◽  
Treatment Analysis ◽  
Density Methods

Introduction: АМD is a disease of social significance and an increasing incidence. By 2040, patients are expected to reach 300 million. 90% of them have non-exudative form while only10% have exudative AMD. The nanosecond laser (2RT, Ellex) is the first patented therapy for dry AMD. It presents a new hope in the prophylaxis of the more aggressive exudative form. Aim: The aim of this study is to present an innovative treatment for dry AMD; to describe the mechanism of action of 2RT; to show first clinical results and to prove the functional efficiency of the therapy by pre and post treatment analysis of vascular density. Methods: Nanosecond laser (2RT, Ellex) was used. Patients were followed with visual acuity, contrast sensitivity (F.A.C.T.101), Fluorescein angiography (FA)Fundus auto-fluorescens (FAF), OCT, Angio-OCT. Statistical analysis of vascular density (foveal and peri-foveal superficial and deep) was done. Results: A significant improvement in vascular density in the macula was observed 3-6 months after the treatment in all patients with dry AMD. In 40% of cases a reduction of the drusen was observed. No increase of the atrophic changes was observed. Conclusions: The main goal of the treatment is to ameliorate the degenerative process by tissue stimulation and rejuvenation. Vascular density increase after 2RT treatment does prove the functional improvement and efficacy of the therapy.

COMPETITIVE POTENTIAL OF A FUNCTIONAL BAKERY PRODUCT ENRICHED OF FOOD ADDITIVE «APPLE»

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Н.Н. КОРНЕН ◽  
С.А. КАЛМАНОВИЧ ◽  
Т.А. ШАХРАЙ ◽  
Е.П. ВИКТОРОВА
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Food Additive ◽  
Functional Ingredients ◽  
Bakery Product ◽  
Functional Efficiency

Проведена оценка конкурентного потенциала разработанного функционального хлебобулочного изделия, обогащенного пищевой добавкой Яблочная . Эталоном служило необогащенное хлебобулочное изделие. Конкурентный потенциал разработанного изделия (РИ) оценивали по пяти группам показателей: функциональная эффективность, безопасность, стандартизация, надежность, патентно-правовая. Показано, что РИ обладает более высокой конкурентоспособностью по сравнению с базовым продуктом: превосходит базовый продукт по показателю функциональной эффективности, в частности по содержанию пищевых функциональных ингредиентов пищевых волокон, меди, калия и диапазону функциональности (Qотн 1,5). По патентно-правовому показателю (Qотн 2,0) и показателю надежности (Qотн 1,5) РИ также превосходит базовый продукт. Evaluation of the competitive potential of the developed functional bakery product enriched with the food additive Apple was carried out. The un-enriched bakery product was as a standard. The competitive potential of the developed product (DP) was evaluated by five groups of indicators: functional efficiency, safety, standardization, reliability, and patent and legal. It is shown that DP has a higher competitiveness compared to the base product: it exceeds the base product in terms of functional efficiency, in particular in terms of the content of food functional ingredients dietary fiber, copper, potassium, and the range of functionality (Qrel 1,5). DP is also superior to the base product in terms of patent and legal indicator (Qrel 2,0) and reliability (Qrel 1,5).

Macroeconomic significance of transaction costs in microfinance intermediation

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (9) ◽  
pp. 2307-2324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vighneswara Swamy
Keyword(s):  
Transaction Costs ◽  
Financial Intermediation ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Foreign Banks ◽  
Panel Var ◽  
Causality Analysis ◽  
Operating Expense ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Functional Efficiency ◽  
Positive Direct

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyze the macroeconomic significance of transaction costs in microfinance intermediation and explain how the deposit mobilization and micro lending impact the microfinance transaction costs. It presents some empirical evidence as building blocks for the theory of financial intermediation that aims at strengthening the efficiency of financial intermediation in the context of preferential credit and or the microfinance sector.Design/methodology/approachThe study uses the panel data consisting of different groups of banks in India (such as public sector banks, private banks and foreign banks) data across a period from March 1993 to March 2009 to estimate the panel VAR model to determine the determinants of transaction cost model in financial intermediation. The study also uses the panel Granger causality analysis to test the direction of causation to know the behavior of the operating expense of the banks in their financial intermediation process.FindingsThe study reveals that there is a positive direct relationship between operating expense and priority sector lending by banks. The findings show that the transaction costs act as a barrier for the banking firms in microfinance intermediation; and, the banks are able to manage the transaction costs of microfinance intermediation with an increase in overall deposit mobilization and increased non-microfinance lending. The study recommends that there is a need to upscale the functional efficiency of microfinance intermediaries.Originality/valueThis study offers to bridge the research gap and adds novel information to the literature on microfinance intermediation. It is the first empirical paper showing the macroeconomic significance of transaction costs in microfinance intermediation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document