scholarly journals ESTABLISHMENT OF OPTIMAL ZONES OF SEED PRODUCTION OF PROMISING VARIETY OF GALEGA OFFICINALIS WIZARDS AND SPECIFICATION OF METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES REGARDING THE DETERMINATION OF SOWING QUALITIES OF ITS SEEDS

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-118
Author(s):  
О. О. Куценко ◽  
Л. А. Глущенко ◽  
Н. І. Куценко
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Galega Officinalis

scholarly journals On the substantiation of the effectiveness of air-centrifugal separation and dust cleaning of seed heap of herbs after the grate device

2019 ◽  
pp. 80-85
Author(s):  
Tverdokhlib Igor ◽  
Spirin Anatoly
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Inertia Force ◽  
Resistance Force ◽  
Centrifugal Separation ◽  
Separation Unit ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Assembly Technology ◽  
One Machine

The agrobiological and physico-mechanical properties of leguminous seed plants do not allow them to be harvested without loss exclusively by combine technologies. One way to increase the productivity of the seed production process is to include stationary machines in the assembly technology for wiping and separating seed heaps. Combining these important operations with one machine will further increase the efficiency of legume seed production technologies. This work is devoted to considering ways to increase the efficiency of air-centrifugal separation and dust cleaning seed heaps. A review of recent studies and publications has shown that there is a sufficient methodological basis for determining the parameters of the process of separation of the heap and purification of the exhaust air. An analysis of the publications made it possible to determine the purpose of the research, which is to increase the efficiency of the grater-separation unit by substantiating its scheme and the method of theoretical determination of the parameters of the separation process. According to the results of previous studies, a structural scheme of the grater-separating device is proposed. The main elements of the block are a grater device, which consists of a motionless and movable corrugated discs of the separating device with separate channels for the exit of seeds, straw part of the heap, air. To increase the efficiency of the cleaning process, a blade swirler and a louvre nozzle are placed in the separating device, which provide the air flow with rotational movement around the axis of the cyclone body. In theoretical studies of the motion of particles in a rotational air flow, the simplified assumption was adopted: the particles are spherical, do not deform, and do not interact with each other, the inertia force is directed along the radius of the cyclonic chamber, the tangential and axial components of the particle velocity are equal to the corresponding components of the air velocity, and the particle resistance force determined by the Stokes law, the force of attraction is much less than the centrifugal force, so we neglect it. The obtained formulas allow one to approximately determine the parameters of the cyclone device that will ensure the separation of the seeds of legumes.

scholarly journals LC-MS/MS analysis of neonicotinoid insecticides: Residue findings in chilean honeys

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Bridi ◽  
Arturo Larena ◽  
Paula Núñez Pizarro ◽  
Ady Giordano ◽  
Gloria Montenegro
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Area ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Neonicotinoid Insecticides ◽  
Galega Officinalis ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Residue Levels ◽  
New Generation ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT Neonicotinoids are a relatively new generation of insecticides that have been used for control of pests such as aphids, leafhoppers and whiteflies. This paper presents for the first time a determination of residues of four neonicotinoid insecticides (acetamiprid, thiamethoxam, thiacloprid and imidacloprid) in Chilean honey using QuEChERS extraction and UHPLC-MS/MS analysis. The limits of detection and quantification found for all analytes ranging from 0.34 to 1.43 μg kg-1 and from 0.30 to 4.76 μg kg-1, respectively. The extraction using QuEChERS method provided recoveries over 79% and the precision showed coefficient of variation lower than 20%. These data are in agreement with the international criteria that recommend general recovery limits of 70 - 120%. Of the 16 samples analyzed, in three honey samples neonicotinoids pesticides were detected. These three samples were collected from the same geographical area (Rengo). Fruit and grain production characterize the province of Rengo. The analysis of the botanical origin of these honeys showed the absence of pollen grains of crops and the majority presence of pollen grains of weeds such as Medicago sativa, Galega officinalis and Brassica rapa, which could be associated with crops. Although the residue levels found were low, the results also confirm the actual occurrence of a transfer of neonicotinoid insecticides from exposed honeybees into honey.

Methodological Issues in the Determination of the Quality of Life in Urban Areas

Urban Studies ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 737-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Edward Stover ◽  
Charles L. Leven
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Methodological Issues

scholarly journals EFEKTIVITAS BEBERAPA PREDATOR TERHADAP Helicoverpa armigera (HÜBNER) PADA KAPAS TUMPANGSARI DENGAN KEDELAI

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
NURINDAH NURINDAH ◽  
DWI ADI SUNARTO
Keyword(s):  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Helicoverpa Armigera ◽  
Cotton Seed ◽  
Mortality Factor ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum L ◽  
Threshold Concept ◽  
Action Threshold ◽  
Helicoverpa Armígera

ABSTRAK<br />Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas beberapa<br />predator terhadap H. armigera pada kapas. Penelitian dilakukan pada<br />pertanaman kapas di daerah pengembangan Lamongan, Jawa Tmur.<br />Kegiatan penelitian terdiri atas dua kegiatan, yaitu penentuan faktor<br />mortalitas biotik H. armigera dan perkembangan populasi H. armigera<br />pada lahan tanpa penyemprotan insektisida. Kegiatan penentuan faktor<br />mortalitas biotik H. armigera dilakukan pada 5 lahan tanpa penyemprotan<br />insektisida masing-masing seluas 100 m 2 dengan mengamati populasi H.<br />armigera dan predatornya. Kegiatan perkembangan populasi H. armigera<br />pada lahan tanpa penyemprotan insektisida dilakukan pada lahan seluas 5<br />hektar dengan mengamati populasi serangga hama, predator, dan hasil<br />kapas berbiji pada setiap sub petak yang luasnya 0,2 ha. Hasil penelitian<br />menunjukkan bahwa kompleks predator yang terdiri dari kumbang kubah,<br />semut, kepik mirid dan laba-laba berperan dalam pengaturan populasi H.<br />armigera. Kumbang kubah dan semut merupakan faktor mortalitas yang<br />penting bagi telur H. armigera, sedangkan kompleks predator merupakan<br />faktor mortalitas yang penting bagi larva kecil H. armigera. Persamaan<br />regresi hubungan antara kompleks predator dan larva H. armigera adalah<br />y= 3796 – 0.431x, sehingga dapat diartikan bahwa satu larva H. armigera<br />dapat dieliminasi oleh 8 ekor predator. Jika keberadaan predator<br />dipertimbangkan dalam ambang kendali H. armigera, maka pada sistem<br />tanam kapas tumpangsari dengan kedelai, populasi H. armigera tidak<br />pernah mencapai ambang kendali. Produksi kapas berbiji pada lahan tanpa<br />penyemprotan insektisida adalah 911 kg/ha; hasil ini jauh lebih tinggi<br />dibandingkan dengan produksi dari lahan dengan pengendalian secara<br />konvensional (penyemprotan insektisida secara intensif) yang hanya<br />mencapai 312 kg/ha. Oleh karena itu, keberadaan predator perlu<br />dipertimbangkan dalam konsep ambang kendali H. armigera.<br />Kata kunci : Kapas, Gossypium hirsutum L., Helicoverpa armigera,<br />predator, ambang kendali, produksi, Jawa Timur<br />ABSTRACT<br />Effectiveness of predators on Helicoverpa armigera on<br />cotton intercropped with soybean<br />Research on effectiveness of predators of H. amigera on cotton<br />intercropped with soybean was conducted in Lamongan, East Java. The<br />research activity included determination of the biotic mortality factor of H.<br />armigera and observation on H. armigera population in unsprayed cotton<br />field. Determination of the biotic mortality factor of H. armigera was<br />conducted in 5 unsprayed plots @ 100 m 2 by recording the number of H.<br />armigera and its predators. Observation on H. armigera population was<br />done in 5 hectares of unsprayed cotton field by observing the population of<br />H. armigera and its predators as well as cotton seed production of each 0.2<br />hectare sub plot. The research results showed that predator complex<br />(Coccinellid beetles, mirid bugs, ants and spiders) have significant role in<br />regulating H. armigera population. Coccinellid beetles and ants were the<br />important biotic mortality factors of H. armigera eggs, while complex<br />predators were that of the small larvae. Regression equation of predator<br />complex and H. armigera larvae was y= 3.976 – 0.43x, meaning that one<br />H. armigera larvae could be eliminated by 8 predators. If the presence of<br />predators was considered in action threshold concept, population of H.<br />armigera on cotton intercropped with soybean was always under action<br />threshold. Cotton seed production of unsprayed field was 911 kg/ha; this<br />was significantly higher than that of conventional control system with<br />intensive sprays of chemical insecticides. Therefore, the presence of<br />predators should be included in action threshold concept of H. armigera.<br />Key words : Cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., pest, Helicoverpa armigera,<br />predator, action threshold, production, East Java

Relationship Between Inflorescence Size and Seed Production in Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli)

Weed Science ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert F. Norris
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Primary Branch ◽  
Inflorescence Size ◽  
First Order ◽  
Inflorescence Length

Barnyardgrass inflorescence length ranged from less than 2 to over 20 cm. Inflorescences less than 4 cm long were a single first-order raceme, while the largest had 20 to 50 primary branch racemes. Inflorescences longer than about 12 cm and with more than about 12 racemes showed second-order branching. Air-dried structural biomass increased from less than 2 milligrams for the smallest to over 300 milligrams for the largest inflorescences. Inflorescence length and structural biomass were positively correlated (r2= 0.95). Floret numbers increased from about 15 for smallest inflorescences to over 2000 for largest inflorescences and were positively correlated with inflorescence length (r2= 0.94) and with inflorescence structural biomass (r2= 0.94). Biomass of caryopses plus aborted florets had the same relationships as those for floret number. Measurement of frequency distribution of size and determination of numbers of inflorescences per plant should provide a means to predict fecundity in barnyardgrass.

Effective Kill of Trifluralin-Susceptible and -Resistant Green Foxtail (Setaria viridis)

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh J. Beckie ◽  
Ian N. Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Selection Pressure ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Initial Density ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Setaria Viridis ◽  
Recommended Dosage ◽  
Green Foxtail

The response of susceptible (S) and resistant (R) green foxtail biotypes to increasing dosages of trifluralin, applied PPI in rapeseed and preemergence incorporated (PEI) in wheat, was investigated in field experiments in 1989 and 1990. Differences in response between the biotypes to PPI- and PEI-trifluralin were 7- and 12-fold, respectively, based on density and shoot biomass determinations 4 wk after emergence. Nine- and 14-times higher dosages of PPI- and PEI-trifluralin, respectively, were required to reduce R-seed production by 50% than to reduce S-seed production by the same amount. At the recommended trifluralin dosage in rapeseed (1.4 kg ha−1), the density of S-plants 4 wk after emergence was reduced by 84% compared with untreated plots, whereas the density of R-plants was reduced by only 4%. The effective kill (seed yield reduction) was 99% and 42%, respectively. At the recommended dosage in wheat (0.9 kg ha−1), the density of S-plants 4 wk after emergence was reduced by over 99% compared with less than 36% for R-plants. The effective kill was 97% and 14%, respectively. Based on determination of effective kill, the selection pressure of trifluralin on green foxtail is greater when the chemical is applied PPI in rapeseed than when applied PEI in wheat, even though initial density reductions are less in the former than the latter.

scholarly journals Determination of Blood Pressure Percentiles in Normal-Weight Children: Some Methodological Issues

2008 ◽  
Vol 167 (6) ◽  
pp. 653-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Rosner ◽  
N. Cook ◽  
R. Portman ◽  
S. Daniels ◽  
B. Falkner
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Methodological Issues

scholarly journals Determination of “Hoffmann Analytes” in Cigarette Mainstream Smoke. The Coresta 2006 Joint Experiment

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 161-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Intorp ◽  
S Purkis ◽  
M Whittaker ◽  
W Wright
Keyword(s):  
Task Force ◽  
Mainstream Smoke ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Analytical Methodology ◽  
Areas Of Concern ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Tobacco Specific Nitrosamines ◽  
Cigarette Mainstream Smoke ◽  
Joint Experiment

AbstractRegulatory authorities are currently discussing the measurement of and imposition of ceilings on certain smoke analytes, the so called ‘Hoffmann analytes’. However, as a pre-requisite, the measurement methods and the tolerances around the measurements first need to be established.In 1999, the Cooperation Centre for Scientific Research Relative to Tobacco (CORESTA) set up a Task Force ‘Special Analytes’ to deal with analytical methodology for measuring ‘Hoffmann analytes’ under International Standard (ISO) smoking and to work towards the standardisation of methods. This paper describes the output and conclusions from a 2005-2006 joint experiment made within the Task Force representing laboratories currently able to analyse these compounds. Data were obtained on most ‘Hoffmann analytes’ from reference cigarettes (2R4F and 1R5F), collecting data according to the existing methods used by the nineteen participating laboratories, in order to describe the within and among laboratory variability and to see which methods could most benefit from more rigorous standardisation work.In some cases, the applied statistical analysis found that methods could not well differentiate the 1R5F and 2R4F cigarettes of differing ‘tar’ yield. This was explained, in part, by the broad range of methods used by the participating laboratories but also indicated that there were significant inadequacies in the choice of some methods or weaknesses in their application.Results indicate that ‘Hoffmann analyte’ data are generally more variable both within and among laboratories than nicotine free dry particulate matter (NFDPM); nicotine and carbon monoxide due to their lower smoke yields. Accordingly, tolerances around methods adopted for regulatory purposes will need to be proportionately higher.Methods for benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs), already taken to CORESTA recommended methods or ISO standardised methods through the efforts of this Task Force, give some of the most reproducible results, showing the value of this process. However, these data strongly suggest that even these analytes have much higher among-laboratory variability than for NFDPM, nicotine and CO and, based on the only two available one point in time studies, may need tolerances in the range of 35-45% for B[a]P and 26-55% for TSNAs, if they are to be measured for regulatory purposes.The collected data is useful to participating laboratories for internal method validation and laboratory accreditation, and data comparisons with others allow laboratories to identify strengths and weaknesses in their current methods.However, much work still needs to be carried out to take most of the methods towards standardisation. Although some fundamental differences or areas of concern around the methodology are discussed herein, they are not comprehensive and there may be others that need to be addressed before methods can be considered ready to take to a Recommended Method and/or to an ISO Standard. These methodological issues are being addressed in further CORESTA work within this Task Force. Smoke analytes with the highest variability found in this study and those analytes that are currently of highest regulatory interest are being prioritised and after further joint experiments, the results are intended to be published.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document