Characteristics of Bone Particles and Measurement of Bone Particle Size from Mechanically Deboned Poultry

The aim of the present study was to compare bone-collecting capacity of bone harvesting device and minimally irrigated low-speed drilling using three implant systems. One bone harvesting device and three commercially available drill systems were compared using the osteotomies on bovine rib bones. The amount of the collected bone particle and particle size (<500 μm: small, 500–1000 μm: medium, and >1000 μm: large) were measured. Total wet (1.535±0.232 mL) and dry volume (1.147±0.425 mL) of the bone particles from bone harvesting device were significantly greater than three drill systems (wet volume: 1.225±0.187–1.27±0.29 mL and dry volume: 0.688±0.163–0.74±0.311 mL) (P<0.05). In all groups, the amount of large sized particles in wet and dry state was the greatest compared to that of medium and small particles. The dry weight of the bone particles showed the same tendency to volumetric measurement. In conclusion, total bone particles and large sized particles (>1000 μm) were harvested significantly greater by bone harvesting device than minimally irrigated low-speed drilling. The composition of particle size in all harvesting methods was similar to each other.

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Influence of Cow Bone Particle Size Distribution on the Mechanical Properties of Cow Bone-Reinforced Polyester Composites

Biotechnology Research International ◽

10.1155/2013/725396 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Isiaka Oluwole Oladele ◽

Temitope Akinyemi Adewole

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Particle Size ◽

Particle Size Distribution ◽

Size Distribution ◽

Fine Particles ◽

Size Analysis ◽

Matrix Composites ◽

Bone Particle ◽

Flexural Tests ◽

Cow Bone

This work was carried out to investigate the influence of cow bone particle size distribution on the mechanical properties of polyester matrix composites in order to consider the suitability of the materials as biomaterials. Cow bone was procured from an abattoir, washed with water, and sun-dried for 4 weeks after which it was crushed with a sledge hammer and was further pulverized with laboratory ball mill. Sieve size analysis was carried out on the pulverized bone where it was sieved into three different sizes of 75, 106, and 300 m sieve sizes. Composite materials were developed by casting them into tensile and flexural tests moulds using predetermined proportions of 2, 4, 6, and 8%. The samples after curing were striped from the moulds and were allowed to be further cured at room temperature for 3 weeks before tensile and flexural tests were performed on them. Both tensile and flexural strength were highly enhanced by 8 wt% from 75 m while toughness was highly enhanced by 6 and 8 wt% from 300 m. This shows that fine particles lead to improved strength while coarse particles lead to improved toughness. The results show that these materials are structurally compatible and are being developed from animal fibre based particle; it is expected to also aid the compatibility with the surface conditions as biomaterials.

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Effects of Micron Fish Bone with Different Particle Size on the Properties of Silver Carp(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)Surimi Gels

Journal of Food Quality ◽

10.1155/2017/8078062 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Tao Yin ◽

Jae W. Park ◽

Shanbai Xiong

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Calcium Ion ◽

Silver Carp ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Fish Bone ◽

Hypophthalmichthys Molitrix ◽

Bone Particle ◽

Cross Links ◽

Water Holding ◽

Gel Network

Qualities of silver carp surimi (SCS) gels incorporated with micron fish bone of different particle size (22 to 0.12 μm) were evaluated. Textural values, whiteness, and water holding capacity of the SCS gels with setting significantly increased (P<0.05) as the micron fish bone particle size decreased. As the particle size decreased, more calcium ion was apparently released from the fish bone (P<0.05). Consequently the released calcium ion increased the activity of endogenous transglutaminase (TGase) and resulted in the formation of more myosin heavy chain (MHC) cross-links in the SCS gel with setting. Fish bone with particle size below 0.48 μm was steadily trapped in the three-dimensional SCS gel network without disrupting the matrices. Results indicated that size reduction of the incorporated micron fish bone improved qualities of the SCS gel with setting by the means of releasing more calcium ion and maintaining better gel matrices.

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The Effect of Graft Bone Particle Size on Bone Augmentation in a Rabbit Cranial Vertical Augmentation Model: A Microcomputed Tomography Study

The International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants ◽

10.11607/jomi.2804 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 402-406 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Kazuhiro Kon ◽

Makoto Shiota ◽

Maho Ozeki ◽

Shohei Kasugai

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Microcomputed Tomography ◽

Bone Augmentation ◽

Bone Particle

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Mechanical Studies of the Bone Particle Size at the Femur

Impaction Bone Grafting in Revision Arthroplasty ◽

10.4324/9780203913680-17 ◽

2004 ◽

pp. 206-223

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Bone Particle ◽

Mechanical Studies

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Mechanical Studies of the Bone Particle Size at the Femur

Impaction Bone Grafting in Revision Arthroplasty ◽

10.1201/9780203913680.ch14 ◽

2004 ◽

Author(s):

Hirotsugu Ohashi ◽

Yuji Tanabe ◽

Akio Kobayashi ◽

Yoshinori Kadoya

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Bone Particle ◽

Mechanical Studies

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Microstructural characterization of laser-melted/roller-quenched dicalcium silicate

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100104972 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 46 ◽

pp. 582-583

Author(s):

C. J. Chan ◽

K. R. Venkatachari ◽

W. M. Kriven ◽

J. F. Young

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Shape Change ◽

Microstructural Characterization ◽

Particle Size Effect ◽

Dicalcium Silicate ◽

Laser Melting ◽

Uniform Size ◽

Cell Shape Change ◽

Wide Range

Dicalcium silicate (Ca2SiO4) is a major component of Portland cement. It has also been investigated as a potential transformation toughener alternative to zirconia. It has five polymorphs: α, α'H, α'L, β and γ. Of interest is the β-to-γ transformation on cooling at about 490°C. This transformation, accompanied by a 12% volume increase and a 4.6° unit cell shape change, is analogous to the tetragonal-to-monoclinic transformation in zirconia. Due to the processing methods used, previous studies into the particle size effect were limited by a wide range of particle size distribution. In an attempt to obtain a more uniform size, a fast quench rate involving a laser-melting/roller-quenching technique was investigated.The laser-melting/roller-quenching experiment used precompacted bars of stoichiometric γ-Ca2SiO4 powder, which were synthesized from AR grade CaCO3 and SiO2xH2O. The raw materials were mixed by conventional ceramic processing techniques, and sintered at 1450°C. The dusted γ-Ca2SiO4 powder was uniaxially pressed into 0.4 cm x 0.4 cm x 4 cm bars under 34 MPa and cold isostatically pressed under 172 MPa. The γ-Ca2SiO4 bars were melted by a 10 KW-CO2 laser.

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Analytical Electron Microscopy study of two vehicle-aged automotive exhaust catalysts having dissimilar activities

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100153336 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 47 ◽

pp. 272-273

Author(s):

Sooho Kim ◽

M. J. D’Aniello

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Particle Size ◽

Noble Metal ◽

Catalyst Deactivation ◽

Analytical Electron Microscopy ◽

Microscopy Study ◽

Metal Particles ◽

Automotive Exhaust ◽

Exhaust Catalysts ◽

Analytical Electron

Automotive catalysts generally lose-agtivity during vehicle operation due to several well-known deactivation mechanisms. To gain a more fundamental understanding of catalyst deactivation, the microscopic details of fresh and vehicle-aged commercial pelleted automotive exhaust catalysts containing Pt, Pd and Rh were studied by employing Analytical Electron Microscopy (AEM). Two different vehicle-aged samples containing similar poison levels but having different catalytic activities (denoted better and poorer) were selected for this study.The general microstructure of the supports and the noble metal particles of the two catalysts looks similar; the noble metal particles were generally found to be spherical and often faceted. However, the average noble metal particle size on the poorer catalyst (21 nm) was larger than that on the better catalyst (16 nm). These sizes represent a significant increase over that found on the fresh catalyst (8 nm). The activity of these catalysts decreases as the observed particle size increases.

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