Influence of Orotic Acid on Performance, Liver Lipid Content, and Egg Cholesterol Level of Laying Hens

Prenatal hyperandrogenism is hypothesized as one of the main factors contributing to the development of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). PCOS patients have high risk of developing fatty liver and steatosis. This study aimed to evaluate the role of prenatal hyperandrogenism in liver lipid metabolism and fatty liver development. Pregnant rats were hyperandrogenized with testosterone. At pubertal age, the prenatally hyperandrogenized (PH) female offspring displayed both ovulatory (PHov) and anovulatory (PHanov) phenotypes that mimic human PCOS features. We evaluated hepatic transferases, liver lipid content, the balance between lipogenesis and fatty acid oxidation pathway, oxidant/antioxidant balance and proinflammatory status. We also evaluated the general metabolic status through growth rate curve, basal glucose and insulin levels, glucose tolerance test, HOMA-IR index and serum lipid profile. Although neither PH group showed signs of liver lipid content, the lipogenesis and fatty oxidation pathways were altered. The PH groups also showed impaired oxidant/antioxidant balance, a decrease in the proinflammatory pathway (measured by prostaglandin E2 and cyclooxygenase-2 levels), decreased glucose tolerance, imbalance of circulating lipids and increased risk of metabolic syndrome. We conclude that prenatal hyperandrogenism generates both PHov and PHanov phenotypes with signs of liver alterations, imbalance in lipid metabolism and increased risk of developing metabolic syndrome. The anovulatory phenotype showed more alterations in liver lipogenesis and a more impaired balance of insulin and glucose metabolism, being more susceptible to the development of steatosis.

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A Comparison of the Effects of Estradiol and the Soy Phytoestrogen Genistein on Liver Lipid Content of Chickens

International Journal of Poultry Science ◽

10.3923/ijps.2014.124.132 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 124-132 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

L.M. Stevenson ◽

J.B. Hess ◽

S.S. Oates ◽

W.D. Berry

Keyword(s):

Lipid Content ◽

Liver Lipid ◽

Liver Lipid Content

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Effect of Methionine on Liver Lipid Content and Lipid Metabolism of Rats Fed a Protein-free Diet

Journal of Nutrition ◽

10.1093/jn/103.1.54 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 103 (1) ◽

pp. 54-60 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Yoritaka Aoyama ◽

Masashi Nakanishi ◽

Kiyoshi Ashida

Keyword(s):

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Lipid Content ◽

Liver Lipid ◽

Liver Lipid Content ◽

Protein Free Diet

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Apolipoprotein CIII Overexpression-Induced Hypertriglyceridemia Increases Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Association with Inflammation and Cell Death

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2017/1838679 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Adriene A. Paiva ◽

Helena F. Raposo ◽

Amarylis C. B. A. Wanschel ◽

Tarlliza R. Nardelli ◽

Helena C. F. Oliveira

Keyword(s):

Cell Death ◽

Liver Disease ◽

Fatty Liver ◽

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽

Lipid Content ◽

Fatty Liver Disease ◽

Liver Lipid ◽

Hepatic Insulin Resistance ◽

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

Liver Lipid Content

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the principal manifestation of liver disease in obesity and metabolic syndrome. By comparing hypertriglyceridemic transgenic mice expressing apolipoprotein (apo) CIII with control nontransgenic (NTg) littermates, we demonstrated that overexpression of apoCIII, independent of a high-fat diet (HFD), produces NAFLD-like features, including increased liver lipid content; decreased antioxidant power; increased expression of TNFα, TNFα receptor, cleaved caspase-1, and interleukin-1β; decreased expression of adiponectin receptor-2; and increased cell death. This phenotype is aggravated and additional NAFLD features are differentially induced in apoCIII mice fed a HFD. HFD induced glucose intolerance together with increased gluconeogenesis, indicating hepatic insulin resistance. Additionally, the HFD led to marked increases in plasma TNFα (8-fold) and IL-6 (60%) in apoCIII mice. Cell death signaling (Bax/Bcl2), effector (caspase-3), and apoptosis were augmented in apoCIII mice regardless of whether a HFD or a low-fat diet was provided. Fenofibrate treatment reversed several of the effects associated with diet and apoCIII expression but did not normalize inflammatory traits even when liver lipid content was fully corrected. These results indicate that apoCIII and/or hypertriglyceridemia plays a major role in liver inflammation and cell death, which in turn increases susceptibility to and the severity of diet-induced NAFLD.

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Liver lipid content and inflammometabolic indices in peripartal dairy cows are altered in response to prepartal energy intake and postpartal intramammary inflammatory challenge

Journal of Dairy Science ◽

10.3168/jds.2012-5676 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 96 (2) ◽

pp. 918-935 ◽

Cited By ~ 65

Author(s):

D.E. Graugnard ◽

K.M. Moyes ◽

E. Trevisi ◽

M.J. Khan ◽

D. Keisler ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Energy Intake ◽

Lipid Content ◽

Liver Lipid ◽

Liver Lipid Content

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Effects of ovariectomy and resistance training on lipid content in skeletal muscle, liver, and heart; fat depots; and lipid profile

Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1139/h09-116 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 34 (6) ◽

pp. 1079-1086 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Richard Diego Leite ◽

Jonato Prestes ◽

Celene Fernandes Bernardes ◽

Gilberto Eiji Shiguemoto ◽

Guilherme Borges Pereira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Resistance Training ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Lipid Content ◽

Liver Lipid ◽

Atherogenic Index ◽

Ovariectomized Rats ◽

Muscle Lipid ◽

Liver Lipid Content ◽

Fat Depots

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of resistance training on skeletal muscle lipid content, liver lipid content, heart lipid content, fat depots, and lipid profile in ovariectomized rats. Wistar adult female rats were divided into 4 groups (n = 10 per group): sedentary (Sed-Intact), sedentary ovariectomized (Sed-Ovx), strength trained (ChronicEx-intact), and strength trained ovariectomized (ChronicEx-Ovx). A 12-week strength-training period was used, during which the animals climbed a 1.1-m vertical ladder with weights attached to their tails. The sessions were performed once every 3 days, with 4–9 climbs and 8–12 dynamic movements per climb. Ovariectomy increased liver lipid content and fat depots, and heart and muscle lipid content. There was an increase in the atherogenic index and a negative change in lipid profile because of the ovariectomy. Resistance training decreased lipid content in the liver, soleus, and tibialis anterior, decreased fat depots (mesenteric and retroperitoneal), and changed the lipid profile, independently of ovarian hormone status. These results indicate the potential benefits of resistance training as an alternative strategy to control the effects of ovariectomy on fat depot, lipid profile, and tissue lipid content.

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