scholarly journals Study on Factors Affecting the Performance of a CRISPR/Cas-Assisted New Immunoassay: Detection of Salivary Insulin as an Example

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoting Lin ◽  
Gonglei Wang ◽  
Long Ma ◽  
Guozhen Liu
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Clinical Investigations ◽  
Working Solution ◽  
Solution Selection ◽  
Short Palindromic Repeat ◽  
Assay Time ◽  
Capture Antibody ◽  
Optimized Conditions ◽  
Selection Of

The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/Cas is now playing a significant role in biosensing applications, especially when the trans-cleavage activity of several Cas effectors is discovered. Taking advantages of both CRISPR/Cas and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in analytical and clinical investigations, CRISPR/Cas-powered ELISA has been successfully designed to detect a spectrum of analytes beyond nucleic acid. Herein, we developed a CRISPR/Cas12a-assisted new immunoassay (CANi) for detection of salivary insulin as an example. Specifically, factors (antibody selection, temperature, and assay time) affecting the CRISPR/Cas-based ELISA system’s performance were investigated. It was observed that the concentration of blocking solution, selection of the capture antibody pairs, and the sequences of triggering ssDNA and guiding RNA affected this immunoassay sensitivity. In contrast, the preincubation of CRISPR/Cas12a working solution and pre-mixture of detection antibody with anti-IgG–ssDNA did not show influence on the performance of CANi for the detection of insulin. Under optimized conditions, the sensitivity for detection of salivary insulin was 10 fg/ml with a linear range from 10 fg/ml to 1 ng/ml.

Rapid, sensitive two-site ELISA for detection of cows' milk in goats' or ewes' milk using monoclonal antibodies

1994 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Didier Levieux ◽  
Annie Venien
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Sandwich Elisa ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Assay Performance ◽  
Capture Antibody ◽  
Constant Quality ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Β Lactoglobulin

SummaryA sandwich ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) of the two-site type has been successfully developed for the detection of cows' milk in goats' or ewes' milk. The assay uses two monoclonal antibodies (MAb) raised in mice against cows' β-lactoglobulin (β-lg). These MAb recognize different epitopes of the β-lg, which are sufficiently distinct to allow simultaneous binding of the corresponding antibodies. One of the MAb recognizes a species-specific epitope of the bovine β-lg and was adsorbed to a plastic microtitration plate (capture antibody). The second MAb was labelled with peroxidase and used to detect the captured cows' β-lg. Factors affecting assay performance were investigated. The optimized assay is highly specific, reproducible (intra- and inter-assay CV were 8 and 13% respectively) and sensitive: as little as 5 ng β-lg/ml or 1 part cows' milk per 100000 parts goats' or ewes' milk can be detected. The technique is robust, cheap, rapid, reliable and suitable for high sample throughput, semi-automation and screening surveys. The MAb used guarantee the high specificity of the assay and indefinite reagent supply of constant quality once approved by collaborative national or international trials.

Selection of factors affecting increase of non-oil export

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
Aynura Manaf kizi Ismayilova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Oil Export ◽  
Selection Of

Regional, institutional and individual factors affecting selection of minimally invasive nephroureterectomy in Japan: A national database analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 695-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toru Sugihara ◽  
Hideo Yasunaga ◽  
Hiromasa Horiguchi ◽  
Tetsuya Fujimura ◽  
Hiroaki Nishimatsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
National Database ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Database Analysis ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals The Importance of International Medical Rotations in Selection of an Otolaryngology Residency

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 414-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan H Boyd ◽  
Raul M Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Residency Program ◽  
General Interest ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Residency Programs ◽  
International Elective ◽  
Program Selection ◽  
Application Service ◽  
Residency Application ◽  
Lifestyle Research ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Background The objective of this study was to determine the extent of interest in international electives among prospective otolaryngology residents and to determine whether the availability of international electives affected students' interest in ranking a particular residency program. Methods A 3-part survey was given to all medical students enrolled in the 2008 otolaryngology match via the Electronic Residency Application Service. Part 1 elicited demographic information. Part 2 explored general interest in international rotations. Part 3 involved ranking several factors affecting students' choice of residency programs. This survey was developed at our institution, with no formal validation. Participation was anonymous and voluntary. Results A total of 307 students entered the otolaryngology match, and 55 surveys (18%) were completed. Twenty-five of 55 students (55%) had completed an international elective during or prior to medical school, and 51 of 55 respondents (93%) had a “strong” or “very strong” desire to participate in an international elective during residency; 48 of 55 students (87%) had a “strong” or “very strong” desire to participate in international surgical missions after residency. Future practice goals had no correlation with interest in international rotations, either during or after residency training. Respondents ranked 8 factors that had an impact on residency program selection in the following order of importance: operative experience, location, lifestyle, research opportunities, didactics, international electives, prestige of program, and salary. Conclusion Interest in international medicine among prospective otolaryngologists was high in this subset of respondents but did not appear to affect residency program selection.

scholarly journals Factors affecting nest-site selection of Sabine's Gulls in the eastern Canadian Arctic

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (9) ◽  
pp. 1240-1245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iain J Stenhouse ◽  
H Grant Gilchrist ◽  
William A Montevecchi
Keyword(s):  
Site Selection ◽  
Nest Site ◽  
Nest Site Selection ◽  
Breeding Habitat ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Invertebrate Prey ◽  
Terrestrial Invertebrate ◽  
Individual Fitness ◽  
Sabine’S Gull ◽  
Selection Of

The selection of breeding habitat is of prime importance for individual fitness. Among birds, natural selection should favour the ability to recognize and select habitat suitable for nesting and rearing chicks. This study compares the characteristics of Sabine's Gull, Xema sabini (Sabine, 1819), nest sites with random points across a coastal tundra environment on Southampton Island, Nunavut, Canada. The availability of terrestrial invertebrate prey was also examined among habitats. Sabine's Gull nests were nonrandomly distributed in relation to vegetation, substrate, and proximity to water. Gulls nested within approximately 1 km of the coastline and selected sites with the greatest proportions of moss and standing water (i.e., they nested close to the edge of small freshwater ponds near shore). However, there were no detectable differences in characteristics between successful and unsuccessful nests within preferred habitat. The dynamics of terrestrial invertebrate prey communities varied between years, but the volume of invertebrates in Sabine's Gull nesting habitat was intermediate between the most productive habitats and the least productive habitats in both years. However, nest-site selection in Sabine's Gulls may also be influenced by the availability of aquatic invertebrates (not examined in this study) and their proximity to the marine coastline, where chicks are taken to be reared.

Using rational and emotional appeals in online advertisements for Muslim customers

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Behboudi ◽  
Hossein Vazifehdoust ◽  
Kobra Najafi ◽  
Mina Najafi
Keyword(s):  
Latent Variables ◽  
Online Advertising ◽  
Product Involvement ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Advertising Appeals ◽  
Emotional Appeals ◽  
Advertising Strategies ◽  
Larger Sample ◽  
Selection Of

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to verify the factors affecting the use of emotional and rational appeals in online advertising among Muslim customers in Iran. Design/methodology/approach – By reviewing the literature of advertising appeals and developing a comprehensive theoretical model, the effect of rational and emotional appeals on online advertising was examined. Expert questionnaire was administered to verify the validity of collected features. The Student's t-test was utilized to analyze the data collected from 271 participants. Findings – Five latent variables, namely user type, product involvement, e-lifestyle, advertising strategies, and internet motives were examined to explain factors affecting online advertising appeals among Muslim customers in Iran. It was found that “advertising strategies” and “user type” are the most effective factors influencing Muslims customers in developing an online advertising campaign. Research limitations/implications – The sample of this study was Iranian experts and it is necessary to conduct a survey with a larger sample size. Originality/value – This study provides insights into factors affecting the selection of emotional and rational appeals in Muslims countries. Moreover, it reports the primary columns of online advertising appeals.

scholarly journals Formation of microstructure and properties of Cu-3Ti alloy in thermal and thermomechanical processes

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Szkliniarz
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Cold Working ◽  
Cold Deformation ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Cold Plastic Deformation ◽  
Working Solution ◽  
Thermomechanical Processes ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract This paper presents the possibilities of forming the microstructure as well as mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of Cu-3Ti alloy (wt.%) in thermal and thermomechanical processes that are a combination of homogenising treatment, hot and cold working, solution treatment and ageing. Phase composition of the alloy following various stages of processing it into the specified semi-finished product was being determined too. It was demonstrated that the application of cold plastic deformation between solution treatment and ageing could significantly enhance the effect of hardening of the Cu-3Ti alloy without deteriorating its electrical conductivity. It was found that for the investigated alloy the selection of appropriate conditions for homogenising treatment, hot and cold deformation as well as solution treatment and ageing enables to obtain the properties comparable to those of beryllium bronzes.

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