scholarly journals Maternal Vitamin B12 Status During Pregnancy and Its Association With Outcomes of Pregnancy and Health of the Offspring: A Systematic Review and Implications for Policy in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rishikesh V. Behere ◽  
Anagha S. Deshmukh ◽  
Suhas Otiv ◽  
Mohan D. Gupte ◽  
Chittaranjan S. Yajnik
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Maternal Vitamin ◽  
B12 Deficiency ◽  
Offspring Health ◽  
Quality Evidence

BackgroundVitamins B12 and folate participate in the one-carbon metabolism cycle and hence regulate fetal growth. Though vitamin B12 deficiency is widely prevalent, the current public health policy in India is to supplement only iron and folic acid for the prevention of anaemia. Prompted by our research findings of the importance of maternal vitamin B12 status for a healthy pregnancy, birth and offspring health outcomes, we evaluated available literature evidence using a systematic review approach, to inform policy.MethodsA systematic search was performed for relevant Indian studies in the MEDLINE/PubMed and IndMed databases. We selected studies reporting maternal vitamin B12 status (dietary intake or blood concentrations), and/or metabolic markers of vitamin B12 deficiency (homocysteine, methylmalonic acid) or haematological indices during pregnancy and their associations with outcomes of pregnancy, infancy or in later life. Intervention trials of vitamin B12 during pregnancy were also included. Quality of evidence was assessed on the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement.ResultsOf the 635 articles identified, 46 studies met the inclusion criteria (cohort studies-26, case-control studies-13, RCT’s -7). There is a high prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency in Indian women during pregnancy (40-70%) (3 studies). Observational studies support associations (adjusted for potential sociodemographic confounders, maternal body size, postnatal factors) of lower maternal B12, higher homocysteine or an imbalance between vitamin B12-folate status with a higher risk of NTDs (6 studies), pregnancy complications (recurrent pregnancy losses, gestational diabetes, pre-eclampsia) (9 studies), lower birth weight (10 studies) and adverse longer-term health outcomes in the offspring (cognitive functions, adiposity, insulin resistance) (11 studies). Vitamin B12 supplementation (7 RCT’s) in pregnancy showed a beneficial effect on offspring neurocognitive development and an effect on birth weight was inconclusive. There is a high quality evidence to support the role of low maternal vitamin B12 in higher risk for NTD and low birth weight and moderate-quality evidence for higher risk of gestational diabetes and later life adverse health outcomes (cognitive functions, risk for diabetes) in offspring.ConclusionIn the Indian population low maternal vitaminB12 status, is associated with adverse maternal and child health outcomes. The level of evidence supports adding vitamin B12 to existing nutritional programs in India for extended benefits on outcomes in pregnancy and offspring health besides control of anaemia.Systematic Review Registration[website], identifier [registration number]

RELATIONSHIP OF MATERNAL VITAMIN B12 STATUS IN PREGNANCY WITH PRETERM BIRTH AND MATERNAL HEALTH RISKS

2020 ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
VICTORIA LAZAROVA SPASOVA ◽  
LILIA IVANOVA KOLEVA ◽  
MARIETA ANTONOVA POPOVA ◽  
VALENTINA BOYANOVA PETKOVA ◽  
MILEN VENTZISLAVOV DIMITROV
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Maternal Vitamin ◽  
B12 Deficiency ◽  
The Impact ◽  
In Pregnancy

Vitamin B12 is known to be vital for cell growth and population during pregnancy. This retrospective and prospective case−control study was aimed to disclose a health risk for pregnant women with vitamin B12 deficiency, as well as the one of the preterm birth. The main tasks set and performed in this research were as follows: to compare the obstetrics anamnesis between the women who gave birth on term and women who gave birth before term; to find the prevalence of vitamin B12 insufficiency in pregnancy; to determine its association with preterm birth and low birth weight; to examine its association with spontaneous abortions, and to investigate its relationship with obesity and hemoglobin levels in pregnant women. The conducted investigation involved 107 women who gave birth before the 37th week of gestation and 101 women who gave birth after the 37th week of gestation at the outpatient clinic of the University Hospital "Maichin Dom" in Bulgaria. Our study revealed a correlation between maternal vitamin B12 deficiency, overweight and low hemoglobin level. Our results showed no significant correlation between serum vitamin B12 level and the risk of preterm birth. However, we found an inverse association between vitamin B12 level and overweight before pregnancy and at the time of giving birth. As well there was confirmed the strong connection between meat consumption and vitamin B12 level. The paper emphasizes that the deficiency of the vitamin occurs most likely in the women with inadequate diets. Such a deficiency is actually confirmed to have serious health consequences for pregnant women and their offspring. Therefore further profound and numerous studies should be performed to properly assess the correlation between vitamin B12 and preterm birth, as well as to understand better the impact of vitamin B12 over pregnant women. Key words: vitamin B12, preterm birth, pregnancy, overweight, hemoglobin.

Supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids during gestation and lactation to a vitamin B12-deficient or -supplemented diet improves pregnancy outcome and metabolic variables in Wistar rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amrita Khaire ◽  
Richa Rathod ◽  
Nisha Kemse ◽  
Anvita Kale ◽  
Sadhana Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Pregnancy Outcome ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Pufa Supplementation ◽  
Maternal Vitamin ◽  
B12 Deficiency ◽  
Acid Status ◽  
Metabolic Variables

Maternal vitamin B12 deficiency leads to an adverse pregnancy outcome and increases the risk for developing diabetes and metabolic syndrome in mothers in later life. Our earlier studies have demonstrated that vitamin B12 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are interlinked in the one carbon cycle. The present study for the first time examines the effect of maternal n-3 PUFA supplementation to vitamin B12 deficient or supplemented diets on pregnancy outcome, fatty-acid status and metabolic variables in Wistar rats. Pregnant dams were assigned to one of the following groups: control, vitamin B12 deficient, vitamin B12 supplemented, vitamin B12 deficient + n-3 PUFA or vitamin B12 supplemented + n-3 PUFA. The amount of vitamin B12 in the supplemented group was 0.50 μg kg–1 diet and n-3 PUFA was alpha linolenic acid (ALA) 1.68, eicosapentaenoic acid 5.64, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) 3.15 (g per 100 g fatty acids per kg diet). Our findings indicate that maternal vitamin B12 supplementation did not affect the weight gain of dams during pregnancy but reduced litter size and weight and was ameliorated by n-3 PUFA supplementation. Vitamin B12 deficiency or supplementation resulted in a low percentage distribution of plasma arachidonic acid and DHA. n-3 PUFA supplementation to these diets improved the fatty-acid status. Vitamin B12 deficiency resulted in higher homocysteine and insulin levels, which were normalised by supplementation with either vitamin B12 or n-3 PUFA. Our study suggests that maternal vitamin B12 status is critical in determining pregnancy outcome and metabolic variables in dams and that supplementation with n-3 PUFA is beneficial.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Vitamin B12 Status of Pregnant Women in Nigeria Using Plasma Holotranscobalamin

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorothy J. VanderJagt ◽  
Innocent A. O. Ujah ◽  
Eugene I. Ikeh ◽  
Jessica Bryant ◽  
Victor Pam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Neural Tube ◽  
Neural Tube Defects ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Plasma Homocysteine ◽  
Maternal Vitamin ◽  
B12 Deficiency

Maternal vitamin B12 deficiency during pregnancy is an independent risk factor for neural tube defects and other neurological problems in infants. We determined the vitamin B12 status of 143 pregnant women in Nigeria representing all trimesters who presented to an antenatal clinic in Jos, Nigeria, using holotranscobalamin II levels (holoTCII), which is a measure of the vitamin B12 that is available for uptake into tissues. The holoTCII concentration ranged from 13 to 128 pmol/L. Using a cutoff of 40 pmol/L, 36% of the women were classified as vitamin B12-deficient. HoloTCII concentrations correlated negatively with plasma homocysteine levels (, ) and positively with red blood cell folate concentrations (, ). These data underscore the importance of supplementing pregnant women in Nigeria with vitamin B12 in order to ensure adequate vitamin B12 status and decrease the risk for neural tube defects.

Maternal vitamin B12 deficiency detected in expanded newborn screening

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (18) ◽  
pp. 312-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuela Scolamiero ◽  
Guglielmo Rosario Domenico Villani ◽  
Laura Ingenito ◽  
Rita Pecce ◽  
Lucia Albano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Newborn Screening ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Maternal Vitamin ◽  
Expanded Newborn Screening ◽  
B12 Deficiency

scholarly journals High rate of maternal vitamin B12 deficiency nearly a decade after Canadian folic acid flour fortification

QJM ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 475-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.G. Ray ◽  
J. Goodman ◽  
P.R.A. O'Mahoney ◽  
M.M. Mamdani ◽  
D. Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Maternal Vitamin ◽  
B12 Deficiency
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