scholarly journals Immune Trait Shifts in Association With Tobacco Smoking: A Study in Healthy Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Piaggeschi ◽  
Simona Rolla ◽  
Niccolò Rossi ◽  
Davide Brusa ◽  
Alessio Naccarati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Memory T Cells ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Cell Subset ◽  
Activation Marker ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
Immune Traits ◽  
Cd8 Memory T Cells

Tobacco smoking is known to impact circulating levels of major immune cells populations, but its effect on specific immune cell subsets remains poorly understood. Here, using high-resolution data from 223 healthy women (25 current and 198 never smokers), we investigated the association between smoking status and 35,651 immune traits capturing immune cell subset frequencies. Our results confirmed that active tobacco smoking is associated with increased frequencies of circulating CD8+ T cells expressing the CD25 activation marker. Moreover, we identified novel associations between smoking status and relative abundances of CD8+ CD25+ memory T cells, CD8+ memory T cells expressing the CCR4 chemokine receptor, and CD4+CD8+ (double-positive) CD25+ T cells. We also observed, in current smokers, a decrease in the relative frequencies of CD4+ T cells expressing the CD38 activation marker and an increase in class-switched memory B cell isotypes IgA, IgG, and IgE. Finally, using data from 135 former female smokers, we showed that the relative frequencies of immune traits associated with active smoking are usually completely restored after smoking cessation, with the exception of subsets of CD8+ and CD8+ memory T cells, which persist partially altered. Our results are consistent with previous findings and provide further evidence on how tobacco smoking shapes leukocyte cell subsets proportion toward chronic inflammation.

scholarly journals Brain-resident memory T cells represent an autonomous cytotoxic barrier to viral infection

2016 ◽  
Vol 213 (8) ◽  
pp. 1571-1587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Steinbach ◽  
Ilena Vincenti ◽  
Mario Kreutzfeldt ◽  
Nicolas Page ◽  
Andreas Muschaweckh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Memory T Cells ◽  
Mhc I ◽  
Brain Infection ◽  
Cognate Antigen ◽  
Resident Memory T Cells ◽  
Pathogen Clearance ◽  
Cd8 Memory T Cells

Tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM) persist at sites of prior infection and have been shown to enhance pathogen clearance by recruiting circulating immune cells and providing bystander activation. Here, we characterize the functioning of brain-resident memory T cells (bTRM) in an animal model of viral infection. bTRM were subject to spontaneous homeostatic proliferation and were largely refractory to systemic immune cell depletion. After viral reinfection in mice, bTRM rapidly acquired cytotoxic effector function and prevented fatal brain infection, even in the absence of circulating CD8+ memory T cells. Presentation of cognate antigen on MHC-I was essential for bTRM-mediated protective immunity, which involved perforin- and IFN-γ–dependent effector mechanisms. These findings identify bTRM as an organ-autonomous defense system serving as a paradigm for TRM functioning as a self-sufficient first line of adaptive immunity.

scholarly journals CD8+Memory T Cells Appear Exhausted within Hours of Acute Virus Infection

2013 ◽  
Vol 191 (8) ◽  
pp. 4211-4222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin P. Hosking ◽  
Claudia T. Flynn ◽  
Jason Botten ◽  
J. Lindsay Whitton
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Memory T Cells ◽  
Cd8 Memory T Cells

CD8 Clonal Expansions in Mice: An Age-associated Alteration of CD8 Memory T-cells

2009 ◽  
pp. 291-325
Author(s):  
Eric T. Clambey ◽  
John W. Kappler ◽  
Philippa Marrack
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Memory T Cells ◽  
Cd8 Memory T Cells

scholarly journals Impaired Recall of CD8 Memory T Cells in Immunologically Privileged Tissue

2005 ◽  
Vol 174 (3) ◽  
pp. 1165-1170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenhua Dai ◽  
Isam W. Nasr ◽  
Michael Reel ◽  
Songyan Deng ◽  
Lonnette Diggs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Memory T Cells ◽  
Cd8 Memory T Cells

scholarly journals Pulmonary antigen encounter regulates the establishment of tissue-resident CD8 memory T cells in the lung airways and parenchyma

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1071-1078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean R. McMaster ◽  
Alexander N. Wein ◽  
Paul R. Dunbar ◽  
Sarah L. Hayward ◽  
Emily K. Cartwright ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Memory T Cells ◽  
Cd8 Memory T Cells ◽  
Lung Airways

scholarly journals PD-1 and TIGIT coexpression identifies a circulating CD8 T cell subset predictive of response to anti-PD-1 therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e001631
Author(s):  
Sylvain Simon ◽  
Valentin Voillet ◽  
Virginie Vignard ◽  
Zhong Wu ◽  
Camille Dabrowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Population ◽  
Therapeutic Response ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Cell Subset ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Multiparameter Flow Cytometry ◽  
Specific Gene

BackgroundClinical benefit from programmed cell death 1 receptor (PD-1) inhibitors relies on reinvigoration of endogenous antitumor immunity. Nonetheless, robust immunological markers, based on circulating immune cell subsets associated with therapeutic efficacy are yet to be validated.MethodsWe isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cell from three independent cohorts of melanoma and Merkel cell carcinoma patients treated with PD-1 inhibitor, at baseline and longitudinally after therapy. Using multiparameter flow cytometry and cell sorting, we isolated four subsets of CD8+ T cells, based on PD-1 and TIGIT expression profiles. We performed phenotypic characterization, T cell receptor sequencing, targeted transcriptomic analysis and antitumor reactivity assays to thoroughly characterize each of these subsets.ResultsWe documented that the frequency of circulating PD-1+TIGIT+ (DPOS) CD8+ T-cells after 1 month of anti-PD-1 therapy was associated with clinical response and overall survival. This DPOS T-cell population was enriched in highly activated T-cells, tumor-specific and emerging T-cell clonotypes and T lymphocytes overexpressing CXCR5, a key marker of the CD8 cytotoxic follicular T cell population. Additionally, transcriptomic profiling defined a specific gene signature for this population as well as the overexpression of specific pathways associated with the therapeutic response.ConclusionsOur results provide a convincing rationale for monitoring this PD-1+TIGIT+ circulating population as an early cellular-based marker of therapeutic response to anti-PD-1 therapy.

scholarly journals Differential immune cell infiltrations between healthy periodontal and chronic periodontitis tissues

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Li ◽  
Zheng Zhang ◽  
Zuo-min Wang
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
B Cells ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Memory T Cells ◽  
Host Immunity ◽  
Memory B Cells ◽  
Helper T Cells ◽  
Follicular Helper

Abstract Background Host immunity plays an important role against oral microorganisms in periodontitis. Methods This study assessed the infiltrating immune cell subtypes in 133 healthy periodontal and 210 chronic periodontitis tissues from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets using the CIBERSORT gene signature files. Results Plasma cells, naive B cells and neutrophils were all elevated in periodontitis tissues, when compared to those in healthy controls. In contrast, memory B cells, resting dendritic, mast cells and CD4 memory cells, as well as activated mast cells, M1 and M2 macrophages, and follicular helper T cells, were mainly present in healthy periodontal tissues. Furthermore, these periodontitis tissues generally contained a higher proportion of activated CD4 memory T cells, while the other subtypes of T cells, including resting CD4 memory T cells, CD8 T cells, follicular helper T cells (TFH) and regulatory T cells (Tregs), were relatively lower in periodontitis tissues, when compared to healthy tissues. The ratio of dendritic and mast cells and macrophages was lower in periodontitis tissues, when compared to healthy tissues. In addition, there was a significant negative association of plasma cells with most of the other immune cells, such as plasma cells vs. memory B cells (γ = − 0.84), plasma cells vs. resting dendritic cells (γ = − 0.64), plasma cells vs. resting CD4 memory T cells (γ = 0.50), plasma cells versus activated dendritic cells (γ = − 0.46), plasma cells versus TFH (γ = − 0.46), plasma cells versus macrophage M2 cells (γ = − 0.43), or plasma cells versus macrophage M1 cells (γ = − 0.40), between healthy control and periodontitis tissues. Conclusion Plasma cells, naive B cells and neutrophils were all elevated in periodontitis tissues. The infiltration of different immune cell subtypes in the periodontitis site could lead the host immunity against periodontitis.

scholarly journals CD40L expression permits CD8+ T cells to execute immunologic helper functions

Blood ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 405-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Frentsch ◽  
Regina Stark ◽  
Nadine Matzmohr ◽  
Sarah Meier ◽  
Sibel Durlanik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Major Part ◽  
Memory T Cells ◽  
Helper T Cells ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Cd40l Expression ◽  
Cd8 Memory T Cells

Key Points A major part of CD8+ memory T cells expresses CD40L, the key molecule for T-cell–dependent help. CD40L-expressing CD8+ T cells resemble functional CD4+ helper T cells.

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