Corrigendum: Gamma/Delta T Cells in the Course of Healthy Human Pregnancy: Cytotoxic Potential and the Tendency of CD8 Expression Make CD56+ γδT Cells a Unique Lymphocyte Subset

To date, pregnancy is an immunological paradox. The semi-allogenic fetus must be accepted by the maternal immune system, while defense against pathogens and immune surveillance cannot be compromised. Gamma/delta T cells are believed to play an important role in this immunological puzzle. In this study, we analyzed peripheral blood CD56+ γδT cells from pregnant women (1st, 2nd, and 3rd trimester) and non-pregnant women by multicolor flow cytometry. Interestingly, γδT cells represent almost half of CD3+/CD56+ cells. Among γδT cells, the CD56+ population expands in the 2nd and 3rd trimester. CD56+ γδT cells maintained a predominantly CD4–/CD8– or CD8+ phenotype, while CD56– γδT cells were in similar rates CD4–/CD8– or CD4+ during pregnancy. Investigation of the lysosomal degranulation marker CD107a revealed a preserved elevated rate of potentially cytotoxic CD56+ γδT cells in pregnancy, while their cytotoxic strength was reduced. Furthermore, CD56+ γδT cells continuously showed a higher prevalence of PD-1 expression. CD56+ γδT cells’ rate of PD-1 increased in the 1st trimester and decreased hereafter back to normal level. We correlated the cytotoxic potential and the expression of the inhibitory immune checkpoint PD-1 and were able to demonstrate that highly cytotoxic cells within this CD56+ γδT population tend to express PD-1, which might allow the inhibition of these cells after binding its ligand in the placenta. These findings should support the understanding of the complex processes, which ensure the maintenance of pregnancy.

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Characterization of decidual gamma/delta T cells during healthy human pregnancy.

Journal of Reproductive Immunology ◽

10.1016/j.jri.2012.03.315 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 94 (1) ◽

pp. 43-44

Author(s):

A. Barakonyi ◽

E. Miko ◽

L. Szereday ◽

P. Varga ◽

G.L. Engels ◽

...

Keyword(s):

T Cells ◽

Gamma Delta T Cells ◽

Gamma Delta ◽

Healthy Human ◽

Human Pregnancy

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The decidual gamma-delta T cells up-regulate the biological functions of trophoblasts via IL-10 secretion in early human pregnancy

Clinical Immunology ◽

10.1016/j.clim.2011.07.008 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 141 (3) ◽

pp. 284-292 ◽

Cited By ~ 59

Author(s):

Deng-Xuan Fan ◽

Jie Duan ◽

Ming-Qing Li ◽

Bin Xu ◽

Da-Jin Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

T Cells ◽

Gamma Delta T Cells ◽

Biological Functions ◽

Gamma Delta ◽

Human Pregnancy ◽

Early Human

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Anti-Tumor Actions of Trametes Versicolor Extract Polysaccharide K Include Activation of Dendritic Cells and Gamma Delta T Cells

Planta Medica ◽

10.1055/s-0033-1348530 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 79 (10) ◽

Author(s):

CA Wenner ◽

C Inatsuka ◽

T Davis Smith ◽

M Sasagawa ◽

MR Martzen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

T Cells ◽

Dendritic Cells ◽

Trametes Versicolor ◽

Gamma Delta T Cells ◽

Gamma Delta ◽

Polysaccharide K

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Gamma Delta T Cells in AML

Case Medical Research ◽

10.31525/ct1-nct03885076 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

T Cells ◽

Gamma Delta T Cells ◽

Gamma Delta

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Contribution of IL-17-producing gamma delta T cells to the efficacy of anticancer chemotherapy.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.9918956.12689054 ◽

2011 ◽

Author(s):

Troy Randall ◽

Maria de la Luz Garcia-Hernandez ◽

Javier Rangel-Moreno

Keyword(s):

T Cells ◽

Gamma Delta T Cells ◽

Gamma Delta ◽

Anticancer Chemotherapy

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600 In vitro anticancer and immunomodulatory activities of NBT-167, a dimer of resveratrol

Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer ◽

10.1136/jitc-2020-sitc2020.0600 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (Suppl 3) ◽

pp. A635-A635

Author(s):

Jeffrey Zhang ◽

Everett Henry ◽

L Harris Zhang ◽

Wanying Zhang

Keyword(s):

T Cells ◽

T Cell ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Cancer Cell ◽

Immune Cells ◽

Cell Killing ◽

Gamma Delta T Cells ◽

Gamma Delta ◽

Raw264.7 Macrophages

BackgroundResveratrol (3,4’,5-trihydroxystilbene), a stilbenoid isolated from many species of plants, is widely known for its antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and anticancer activities. Recently, novel resveratrol oligomers have been isolated from various plants; their diverse structures are characterized by the polymerization of two or more resveratrol units. Little is known regarding the anticancer and immunomodulating activities of these oligomers. In this study, we designed in vitro models to compare resveratrol side by side with its natural dimer NBT-167 for their anticancer and immunological activities.MethodsWe isolated resveratrol and its dimer (NBT-167) from plants. The potency of the compounds was compared side by side using cancer cell survival assays and immunological assays with various types of human cells including cancer cell lines, PBMCs and enriched NK, gamma delta T cells, THP-1 monocytic cells, HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells as well as mouse RAW264.7 macrophages.ResultsNBT-167 was found to be more potent than resveratrol in inhibiting growth of various cancer cells and modulation of cytokine production from anti-IgM, LPS, PHA or SEB stimulated PBMC. Both compounds similarly enhanced IL-2 stimulated NK and gamma delta T cell killing activity against K562 cells and modulated nitric oxide production from LPS/IFN-g induced RAW264.7 macrophages and phagocytotic activity of HL-60 cells. NBT-167 was slightly more potently than resveratrol in inhibiting chemotaxis of HL-60 cells and blocking cell cycle of THP-1 and HL-60 cells at G1/S transition. In addition, NBT-167, but not resveratrol, could increase IL-2 production and T cell proliferation stimulated with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 and synergize with anti-PD-1 antibody to increase IL-2 and IFN-gamma production in co-culture of allotypic T cells and dendric cells (MLR).ConclusionsOur data showed that NBT-167, a dimer of resveratrol, had anticancer and immunomodulatory activities such as modulation of expression of cytokines in immune cells and induction of cancer cell-killing activities of NK and gamma delta T cells. Generally, NBT-167 appeared to have higher activities than resveratrol in modulating immune cells and inhibiting cancer cells. NBT-167 could be a promising cancer immunotherapeutic agent targeting both cancer cells and immune cells.

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Transient increase in circulating gamma/delta T cells during Plasmodium vivax malarial paroxysms.

Journal of Experimental Medicine ◽

10.1084/jem.179.1.311 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 179 (1) ◽

pp. 311-315 ◽

Cited By ~ 92

Author(s):

M K Perera ◽

R Carter ◽

R Goonewardene ◽

K N Mendis

Keyword(s):

T Cells ◽

Plasmodium Vivax ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Mononuclear Cells ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽

Gamma Delta T Cells ◽

Gamma Delta ◽

Endemic Region ◽

Gastrointestinal Pathology

The percentage of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) bearing the CD3+ phenotype and the alpha/beta and gamma/delta T cell receptors (TCR) in PBMC were examined in Plasmodium vivax malaria patients and convalescents. The cells were labeled with monoclonal antibodies, stained with either fluorescence or phycoerythrin, and examined by ultraviolet (UV) microscopy. A highly significant increase in both the proportion and the absolute numbers of gamma/delta T cells (p < 0.005 and < 0.001, respectively, Student's t test) was observed in nonimmune P. vivax patients during clinical paroxysms compared to nonmalarial controls. These T cells, which normally constitute not more than 3-5% of PBMC, constituted < or = to 30% of PBMC during paroxysms in these nonimmune patients in whom the clinical symptoms were severe. A less significant increase of gamma/delta T cells were also observed in these nonimmune patients during infection, between paroxysms and during convalescence. In contrast, in an age-matched group of semi-immune patients resident in a malaria-endemic region of the country, in whom the clinical disease was comparatively mild, there was no increase in gamma/delta T cells either during infection, even during paroxysms, or convalescence. The severity of disease symptoms in patients as measured by a clinical score correlated positively with the proportion of gamma/delta T cells in peripheral blood (r = 0.53, p < 0.01), the most significant correlation being found between the prevalence and severity of gastrointestinal symptoms, nausea, anorexia, and vomiting, and the proportion of gamma/delta T cells (r = 0.49, p = 0.002). These findings suggest that gamma/delta T cells have a role to play in the pathogenesis of malaria, possibly in the general constitutional disturbances and particularly in gastrointestinal pathology in malaria.

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Thymic origin of embryonic intestinal gamma/delta T cells.

Journal of Experimental Medicine ◽

10.1084/jem.177.2.257 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 177 (2) ◽

pp. 257-263 ◽

Cited By ~ 58

Author(s):

D Dunon ◽

M D Cooper ◽

B A Imhof

Keyword(s):

T Cells ◽

T Cell ◽

Cell Receptor ◽

Intraepithelial Lymphocytes ◽

Cell Subpopulation ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Gamma Delta T Cells ◽

Intestinal Colonization ◽

Gamma Delta ◽

Embryo Cells

Current evidence suggests both thymic and extrathymic origins for T cells. Studies in mice favor an in situ origin for a prominent population of intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes that express gamma/delta T cell receptor (TCR). This developmental issue is explored in an avian model in which the gamma/delta lymphocytes constitute a major T cell subpopulation that is accessible for study during the earliest stages of lymphocyte development. In the chick embryo, cells bearing the gamma/delta TCR appear first in the thymus where they reach peak levels on days 14-15 of embryogenesis, just 2 d before gamma/delta T cells appear in the intestine. Using two congenic chick strains, one of which expresses the ov antigen, we studied the origin and kinetics of intestinal colonization by gamma/delta T cells. The embryonic gamma/delta+ thymocytes homed to the intestine where they survived for months, whereas an embryonic gamma/delta- thymocyte population enriched in thymocyte precursors failed to give rise to intestinal gamma/delta+ T cells. Embryonic hemopoietic tissues, bone marrow, and spleen, were also ineffective sources for intestinal gamma/delta+ T cells. Intestinal colonization by gamma/delta+ thymocytes occurred in two discrete waves in embryos and newly hatched birds. The data indicate that intestinal gamma/delta T cells in the chicken are primarily thymic migrants that are relatively long-lived.

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