scholarly journals The Quilt of Sustainable Ocean Governance: Patterns for Practitioners

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Stephenson ◽  
Alistair J. Hobday ◽  
Edward H. Allison ◽  
Derek Armitage ◽  
Kate Brooks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systems Approach ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
Social Ecological Systems ◽  
The Core ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Ocean Governance ◽  
The Social ◽  
Core Concepts

In recent decades, scientists and practitioners have increasingly focused on identifying and codifying the best ways to manage activities in marine systems, leading to the development and implementation of concepts such as the social-ecological systems approach, ecosystem-based management, integrated management, marine spatial planning, participatory co-management, and the precautionary approach. To date, these concepts appear as separate entities: they have parallel literature streams; have been applied most often individually in attempts to improve governance and management; and in many ways, seem to be competing for attention. This patchwork of approaches may be hindering effective ocean governance. We propose that desirable features from these frameworks could be woven together to form the basis of more effective and equitable ocean governance arrangements across contexts, sectors, and scales. This article synthesizes the efforts of an IMBeR (Integrated Marine Biosphere Research Project) conference session and working group, that brought together experts in these diverse concepts with the objective of producing a synthesis of how they could be more effectively integrated for improved ocean sustainability outcomes. We reviewed and compared the concepts in terms of (a) the need to achieve a comprehensive suite of sustainability objectives, (b) similarities and differences in their scope, and (c) their place in practical management, policy and regulation. Achieving greater cross-sectoral integration, or a more holistic perspective on management for sustainability is at the core of each concept. All deal with aspects of governance and most, with improved participation in governance. The major differences in the origin and historical application of each concept are reflected in the degree of implicit or explicit focus given to different objectives of sustainability. Overall, the concepts are especially strong for ecological and institutional or governance considerations, moderately strong for economic aspects, and weakest for the social-cultural pillar of full spectrum sustainability. There is no panacea, and no emergent hierarchy among concepts. Some concepts fit better with top-down legislation-based efforts, others with more bottom-up stakeholder driven efforts. The selection of the core concepts for a situation will depend in a large part on which concepts are specified, or demand focus, in the legal and policy context of the situation (or area) of interest. No matter how influential or dominant a single concept might be, pragmatically, different concepts will be used in different areas, and there may always be the need for a combination of concepts and objectives woven together to achieve a cohesive quilt of sustainability.

Social-Ecological Systems in Local Fisheries Communities

2019 ◽  
pp. 304-314
Author(s):  
George O. Tsobanoglou ◽  
Eirini Ioanna Vlachopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Systems Approach ◽  
Ecological Systems ◽  
Local Conservation ◽  
Social Ecological Systems ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
The Social ◽  
Conservation Actions ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
The Commons ◽  
Systems Framework

Even though the study of the commons has been expanding rapidly in the past years, and there have been multiple cases of successful local conservation initiatives, still, significant gaps in knowledge remain. The Social-Ecological Systems framework attempts to analyse the linkages between the “human system” (society) and the “natural system” (ecosystems). In every conservation attempt, the interactions and feedback between the two systems become evident. By examining thoroughly this relationship through the SES lens, we can develop a deep and holistic understanding of the processes that should be taken into consideration before the implementation of conservation actions. This study, through the exploration of the fisheries management procedures in Japan, attempts to develop an understanding of how the adoption of the Social-Ecological Systems approach could promote local development in the insular periphery of the developed world, in countries like Greece, where public participation in the decision-making processes is limited.

Social-Ecological Systems in Local Fisheries Communities

2017 ◽  
pp. 306-316
Author(s):  
George O. Tsobanoglou ◽  
Eirini Ioanna Vlachopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Systems Approach ◽  
Ecological Systems ◽  
Local Conservation ◽  
Social Ecological Systems ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
The Social ◽  
Conservation Actions ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
The Commons ◽  
Systems Framework

Even though the study of the commons has been expanding rapidly in the past years, and there have been multiple cases of successful local conservation initiatives, still, significant gaps in knowledge remain. The Social-Ecological Systems framework attempts to analyse the linkages between the “human system” (society) and the “natural system” (ecosystems). In every conservation attempt, the interactions and feedback between the two systems become evident. By examining thoroughly this relationship through the SES lens, we can develop a deep and holistic understanding of the processes that should be taken into consideration before the implementation of conservation actions. This study, through the exploration of the fisheries management procedures in Japan, attempts to develop an understanding of how the adoption of the Social-Ecological Systems approach could promote local development in the insular periphery of the developed world, in countries like Greece, where public participation in the decision-making processes is limited.

scholarly journals The post-Olympic dilemma: a systems approach to architecture

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge S. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Systems Theory ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Embodied Energy ◽  
The Core ◽  
Buckminster Fuller ◽  
Core Concepts ◽  
Financial Burdens ◽  
Olympic Sport

The practice of Architecture is in need of a new methodology towards Olympic sport infrastructure. The Olympic Games have shown that constructing Olympic buildings with traditional methods is unsustainable. Post-Olympic use is generally unplanned causing financial burdens for those cities maintaining the large buildings. This thesis/project makes reference to work of R. Buckminster Fuller, Cedric Price, and Archigram in developing a systematic approach to Olympic Architecture. The core concepts of systems theory and cybernetics are investigated and a relationship is made with architecture. This culminates in the design of a process that looks to successfully locate an Olympic gymnasium in a Toronto community. It tackles the question of how to build Olympic stadia with lower embodied energy and qualities of stewardship, adaptability, flexibility and modality while maintaining multi-functionality.

scholarly journals The post-Olympic dilemma: a systems approach to architecture

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge S. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Systems Theory ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Embodied Energy ◽  
The Core ◽  
Buckminster Fuller ◽  
Core Concepts ◽  
Financial Burdens ◽  
Olympic Sport

The practice of Architecture is in need of a new methodology towards Olympic sport infrastructure. The Olympic Games have shown that constructing Olympic buildings with traditional methods is unsustainable. Post-Olympic use is generally unplanned causing financial burdens for those cities maintaining the large buildings. This thesis/project makes reference to work of R. Buckminster Fuller, Cedric Price, and Archigram in developing a systematic approach to Olympic Architecture. The core concepts of systems theory and cybernetics are investigated and a relationship is made with architecture. This culminates in the design of a process that looks to successfully locate an Olympic gymnasium in a Toronto community. It tackles the question of how to build Olympic stadia with lower embodied energy and qualities of stewardship, adaptability, flexibility and modality while maintaining multi-functionality.

scholarly journals Concepts of religion in debates on secularization

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Zielińska
Keyword(s):  
Social Reality ◽  
Sociology Of Religion ◽  
Central Concept ◽  
The Core ◽  
Conceptual Apparatus ◽  
The Social ◽  
Core Concepts ◽  
The Subject

Defining the concept of religion is a recurring theme in the sociology of religion. Yet the constant attempts to determine the subject of the study do not necessarily indicate the immaturity of the discipline. The ongoing discussions are rather part of a broader problem, as the acceptance or rejection of certain understandings of the core concepts determines the scope of the discipline’s field. More importantly, it also permits other concepts to be understood, along with the social reality beyond them. Since the social reality is changing under the influence of various dynamics taking place in the contemporary globalised world, so should the conceptual apparatus aiming at describing those dynamics. This paper aims to grasp this changing nature of the central concept – that of religion. This is done through analysis of the debate on secularisation theories.

Introducing Students to the Generic Terminology of Social Research

Politics ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Grix
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Logical Relationship ◽  
The Core ◽  
Constructive Dialogue ◽  
The Social ◽  
Core Concepts

The aim of this article is twofold: first, to present an accessible way of introducing students to the key generic terms of social science research. There is an obvious need for clarifying the generic tools and terminology of the social sciences across the disciplines, as academics argue past each other, using identical terms but attaching different meanings to them. Secondly, this article presents the interrelationship between the core concepts of social science (ontology, epistemology, methodology, methods and sources). This ‘directional’ and logical relationship needs to be understood, if students – and academics – are to engage in constructive dialogue and criticism of each others' work.

scholarly journals Designing an Ecosystem Services Ontology within GEOBON

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangelia Drakou ◽  
Rob Lemmens ◽  
Febriani Ayuningshih
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Data Standards ◽  
Social Ecological Systems ◽  
Observation Network ◽  
The Social ◽  
Core Concepts ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Policy Objectives ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Assessing, mapping and quantifying ecosystem services is a growing priority within local, national and international policy and decision-making processes. That requires robust and scientifically sound data and information on biodiversity, including ecological and socio-economic aspects that interact within the social-ecological systems. Ecosystem services are quantified and mapped across spatio-temporal scales, socio-political contexts and for different policy objectives, which leads to an immense variety of approaches, methods, tools, modelling and mapping outputs. Within the Group on Earth Observation-Biodiversity Observation Network (GEOBON) working group on Ecosystem Services (https://geobon.org/ebvs/ecosystem-services/), we acknowledge the significance of maintaining this diversity, but also the need to bring these different approaches together, to improve data and information sharing across a broad range of scientific fields. Given the high diversity of topics, terms, and classification frameworks that exist, harmonizing everything under one core set of data standards proved to be both a challenge and a questionable option in terms of usability. We therefore work towards developing and proposing an ontological system that can be used for monitoring ecosystem services across space and time. We designed ESOnto, the ecosystem services ontology, which uses the principles of Linked Data (Berners-Lee 2006) to connect the concepts of the ontology, while providing a flexible structure that hosts multiple approaches/definitions and ecosystem services classification systems. ESOnto takes into account the most widely used ecosystem services classification frameworks that exist are all used in ESOnto, since they all address different objectives and approaches. Their core concepts are all included in the ontology and the relationships among them are established allowing the user to navigate among the different classification systems. as well as reRelevant ontologies from both the environmental and social o-economic domains, such as ENVO (https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/ontologies/envo) and OBO (www.obofoundry.org) . These are also used to define build the basic concepts that ESOnto covers such as, 'map' or 'habitat'. This use of existing knowledge allows for interoperability among ontological systems, and guarantees a more usable ontology that does not aim to reinvent the wheel. Although the need for setting up data standards for ecosystem services has been expressed among researchers (Palomo et al. 2018, Drakou et al. 2015), this is the first time such an attempt has been made. Within this talk we will present the workflow we followed: we made an overview of existing data standards and ontologies from the fields of biodiversity, ecology and social sciences, which were used to inform the ESOnto; we identified the gaps and proposed a set of data standards for ecosystem services; we developed a set of task-based queries and user-based evaluations to validate those data standards before their final establishment as an ontology. ESOnto is now applied and tested within existing platforms, namely the Bon-in-a-Box (https://boninabox.geobon.org/). The final objective is that ESOnto will be used to facilitate the process of data collection through remote sensing within the GEOBON community.

Cybernetics for the Social Sciences

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Scott
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Social ◽  
Core Concepts ◽  
Circular Causality ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Distinct Field

Abstract This publication meets a long-felt need to show the relevance of cybernetics for the social sciences (including psychology, sociology, and anthropology). User-friendly descriptions of the core concepts of cybernetics are provided, with examples of how they can be used in the social sciences. It is explained how cybernetics functions as a transdiscipline that unifies other disciplines and a metadiscipline that provides insights about how other disciplines function. An account of how cybernetics emerged as a distinct field is provided, following interdisciplinary meetings in the 1940s, convened to explore feedback and circular causality in biological and social systems. How encountering cybernetics transformed the author’s thinking and his understanding of life in general, is also recounted.

The Lexical Approach to Situations

2017 ◽  
pp. 359-374
Author(s):  
Scott Parrigon
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Extant Literature ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Social ◽  
Core Concepts ◽  
Practical Guidelines ◽  
Lexical Approach ◽  
Made In

The fact that situations are an integral aspect of daily life has not escaped the social sciences, with great efforts being expended toward identifying the core aspects of situations and how they influence psychological outcomes. However, while great advancements have been made in identifying the primary dimensions underlying persons, the field has been much slower to advance upon an equivalent taxonomy of situation characteristics. This chapter focuses on the various methods available for assessing these basic situation dimensions and explicates why the lexical approach to situations likely holds the key to this decades-long quest. The chapter discusses the core concepts of the lexical approach to situations; the ways—both explicitly and implicitly—it has been implemented in the extant literature; provides practical guidelines for future lexical research; and discusses the potential limitations and future directions of the approach.

The Core Concepts, Skills, and Components Curriculum: Increasing Trauma Expertise in Practitioners

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Layne ◽  
Abigail Gewirtz ◽  
Chandra Ghosh Ippen ◽  
Renee Dominguez ◽  
Robert Abramovitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Core ◽  
Core Concepts
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