scholarly journals The Effects of Temperature Acclimation on Swimming Performance in the Pelagic Mahi-Mahi (Coryphaena hippurus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachael M. Heuer ◽  
John D. Stieglitz ◽  
Christina Pasparakis ◽  
Ian C. Enochs ◽  
Daniel D. Benetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Temperature Acclimation ◽  
Aerobic Scope ◽  
Broad Distribution ◽  
Swim Performance ◽  
Coryphaena Hippurus ◽  
Natural Range ◽  
Utilization Patterns ◽  
Effects Of Temperature

Mahi-mahi (Coryphaena hippurus) are a highly migratory pelagic fish, but little is known about what environmental factors drive their broad distribution. This study examined how temperature influences aerobic scope and swimming performance in mahi. Mahi were acclimated to four temperatures spanning their natural range (20, 24, 28, and 32°C; 5–27 days) and critical swimming speed (Ucrit), metabolic rates, aerobic scope, and optimal swim speed were measured. Aerobic scope and Ucrit were highest in 28°C-acclimated fish. 20°C-acclimated mahi experienced significantly decreased aerobic scope and Ucrit relative to 28°C-acclimated fish (57 and 28% declines, respectively). 32°C-acclimated mahi experienced increased mortality and a significant 23% decline in Ucrit, and a trend for a 26% decline in factorial aerobic scope relative to 28°C-acclimated fish. Absolute aerobic scope showed a similar pattern to factorial aerobic scope. Our results are generally in agreement with previously observed distribution patterns for wild fish. Although thermal performance can vary across life stages, the highest tested swim performance and aerobic scope found in the present study (28°C), aligns with recently observed habitat utilization patterns for wild mahi and could be relevant for climate change predictions.

scholarly journals Adaptations to Swimming Training in Athletes with Down’s Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 9175
Author(s):  
José María González-Ravé ◽  
Anthony P. Turner ◽  
Shaun M. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Force ◽  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Down's Syndrome ◽  
Down’S Syndrome ◽  
Training Intervention ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Swimming Training ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Swim Performance

Swimming training programs may help to limit declines in cardiovascular conditioning, muscle strength, mobility and social functioning in individuals with Down’s Syndrome (DS): (1) Background: This study aims to analyze the effects of a periodized swimming training program on swimming speed, lower body force and power and body composition in a group of swimmers with DS; (2) Methods: Nine swimmers with DS (2 men and 7 women; aged 21–30 years-old) completed an 18-week periodized swimming program. The swimmers were assessed, pre and post-training, for 25 m, 50 m and 100 m freestyle swim performance, countermovement jump performance and body composition; (3) Results: Significant and large improvements in 25 m (mean −6.39%, p < 0.05, d = 1.51), 50 m (mean −4.95%, p < 0.01, d = 2.08) and 100 m (mean −3.08%, p < 0.05, d = 1.44) freestyle performance were observed following training, with no significant changes in body composition or consistent changes in jump performance (although a large mean 14.6% decrease in relative peak force, p < 0.05, d = 1.23) (4) Conclusions: A periodized 18-week training intervention may improve swimming performance in a small group of trained swimmers with DS, with less clear changes in jump performance or body composition. This program provides a training profile for coaches working with swimmers with DS and a platform for further research into the benefits of swimming training with this under-represented population.

Thermal acclimation and muscle contractile properties in cyprinid fish

1990 ◽  
Vol 259 (2) ◽  
pp. R231-R236 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Johnston ◽  
J. D. Fleming ◽  
T. Crockford
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Force Production ◽  
Rutilus Rutilus ◽  
Temperature Acclimation ◽  
Thermal Acclimation ◽  
Contractile Properties ◽  
Locomotory Activity ◽  
Roach Rutilus Rutilus ◽  
Goldfish Carassius Auratus

After several weeks of cold acclimation, the swimming performance of some fish is increased at low temperatures and decreased at high temperatures. The temperature compensation of locomotory activity involves changes in central patterns of muscle fiber recruitment and in the properties of the peripheral nervous system and muscle tissues. In some freshwater fish belonging to the family Cyprinidae, including the goldfish (Carassius auratus), the common carp (Cyprinus carpio), and the roach (Rutilus rutilus), the intrinsic contractile properties of muscles are modified by thermal acclimation. Parameters that can be altered by temperature acclimation in both fast and slow muscle fibers include isometric twitch contraction time, maximum force production, and unloaded shortening speed. The molecular mechanisms responsible for these changes in contractility are discussed.

scholarly journals Subfossil chironomids (Diptera, Chironomidae) of lakes in the Tatra Mountains: an illustrated guide

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4819 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-264
Author(s):  
TÍMEA CHAMUTIOVÁ ◽  
LADISLAV HAMERLÍK ◽  
PETER BITUŠÍK
Keyword(s):  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Type A ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Type B ◽  
Tatra Mountains ◽  
Broad Distribution ◽  
Subfossil Chironomids ◽  
Carpathian Region ◽  
Tatra Mts ◽  
The Tatra Mountains

Here we present a summary of subfossil chironomids (Diptera: Chironomidae) found in the surface sediments of 52 Tatra Mts. lakes (Slovakia, Poland). Head capsules of 73 morphotypes of 5 subfamilies are described and illustrated. In addition to the previously documented subfossils by Brooks et al. (2007), we present 15 new morphotypes: Diamesa Tatra-type A, Diamesa Tatra-type B, Pseudodiamesa branickii-type, Pseudodiamesa nivosa-type, Pseudokiefferiella parva, Brillia bifida-type, Cricotopus (Paratrichocladius) skirwithensis-type, Cricotopus (Cricotopus) tremulus-type, Cricotopus/Orthocladius I, Eukiefferiella brevicalcar-type, Eukiefferiella claripennis-type B, Orthocladius (Orthocladius) dentifer-type, O. (Mesorthocladius) frigidus, Orthocladius (Euorthocladius) sp. and Tanytarsini indet. Most of these types have possibly broad distribution patterns in Europe. We believe that due to specific features of each region, this paper will serve as a helpful manual for limnologists and paleolimnologists working not only in the Tatra Mts. but also in the whole Carpathian region.

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