scholarly journals Orchestrating the Ocean Using a National Ocean Policy: The Case of the Solomon Islands

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy M. Hills ◽  
Claire Lajaunie ◽  
Payal N. Maharaj ◽  
Pierre Mazzega
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
National Level ◽  
Regional Policies ◽  
Ocean Governance ◽  
Ocean Policy ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Policy Evolution ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
Single Cluster

Oceans are governed by multiple policies at international, regional and national levels. National level policies have traditionally been sector-based, covering fisheries, tourism, environment etc. Recently more integrated and holistic National Ocean Policies (NOP) have been promulgated. The Pacific Ocean also has well-developed regional ocean-related policies spanning decades. The work presented here uses lexicometric analysis to map the interlinkages between regional and national policies to determine if they are evolving synergistically. Focusing on the Solomon Islands, due to its reliance on the ocean and producing a NOP in 2018, 13,622 expressions were extracted from the corpus of 8 national and 10 regional ocean-related policies. Network analysis displayed limited differentiation between the NOP, national sector-based policies and regional policies. Clustering of policies showed progressive splitting of policies from a single cluster, rather than by formation of a number of separate clusters. This behaviour reflects the thematic interlocking of policies: all share many themes, and the more integrative policies add a few additional sectoral themes. The themes rarely addressed in the corpus include energy, agriculture, pollution and education. The NOP was predominantly built on existing national or regional policies and their main themes rather than setting a new direction in ocean governance. The benefit of the NOP may be less about its content itself, but the creation of allied cross-ministerial architecture. With the intense pressure on the oceans and its resources in present times, there will be a growing need for more substantive policy evolution.

Evidence of a geographical variation in Mesochaetopterus (Polychaeta: Chaetopteridae) from the Pacific Ocean

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 1409-1423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel R. Bhaud
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
New South ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Morphological Variations ◽  
Geographical Variations ◽  
South Wales ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
Hard Structures

Specimens of Mesochaetopterus (Chaetopteridae) from seven geographical sources in the Pacific Ocean are compared on the basis of their hard structures: specialized chaetae, uncinal plates and tubes. There geographical variations are investigated both locally (New South Wales and the Solomon Islands) and over the whole Pacific Ocean from Australia (New South Wales) through the Solomon Islands to Galapagos and Hawaii. The most interesting result is the existence of intra-regional morphological variations with the hard structures differing on specimens sampled in two areas from New South Wales or in two areas from the Solomon Islands out of a total of three areas. These newly described morphologies imply that M. minutus, isolated in a first step from M. sagittarius and confined to the Pacific, is a pseudo-sibling species complex. Each element of this complex is morphologically distinguishable. Consequently the generally accepted role of the long-lived planktonic larvae characteristic of Mesochaetopterus, as a source of geographical homogeneity must be re-examined.

scholarly journals Spinal Anaesthesia for Caesarean Section in the Solomon Islands

1994 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Sparks ◽  
H. Perndt ◽  
K. Agiomea ◽  
J. Fa'Arondo
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Spinal Anaesthesia ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
General Anaesthetic ◽  
Tropical Country ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Pacific Ocean

Results were kept on 43 spinal anaesthetics performed for caesarean section in the Solomon Islands, a developing tropical country in the Pacific Ocean. A 25-gauge Quincke needle was used and either 2.5 ml of heavy bupivacaine 0.5% or 2.0-2.5 ml of plain bupivacaine 0.5% were injected. Hypotension down to 85 mmHg occurred in four patients and there were no spinal headaches. Five patients had to be given a general anaesthetic. We recommend this technique to other doctors working in the Pacific Islands.

A new genus and species of marine crayfish, Palibythus magnificus, and new records of Palinurellus (Decapoda : Palinuridae) from the Pacific Ocean

1990 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 685 ◽  
Author(s):  
PJF Davie
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
New Genus ◽  
New Records ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Western Samoa ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
First Time

A new genus and species of marine crayfish, Palibythus magnificus, is described from deep water off Western Samoa. Palibythus is placed in the Palinuridae, among the 'Stridentes' group of genera, because of the well-developed stridulatory organ. It differs from all other known genera, except Palinurellus, by the flat triangular rostrum and the narrow thoracic sternum; Palinurellus, however, lacks a stridulatory organ. The relationships of Palinurellus are discussed and the Synaxidae is replaced in synonymy with the Palinuridae. Palinurellus wieneckii is recorded from New Guinea and Solomon Islands waters for the first time.

Population ageing in Oceania

2017 ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
Leon Flicker ◽  
Ngaire Kerse
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
French Polynesia ◽  
Community Services ◽  
Population Ageing ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Pacific Ocean

The region of Oceania describes a collection of islands scattered throughout the Pacific Ocean between Asia and the Americas. The region is vast and largely covered by ocean. There are four subregions of this region including Australasia (Australia and New Zealand), Melanesia (Papua and New Guinea, Fiji, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, and New Caledonia), Micronesia (Federated States of Micronesia and Guam), and Polynesia (includes French Polynesia, Samoa, Tonga, Tokalau, and Niue). Australasia is relatively affluent and developed with an ageing population, whereas the other nations are of a developing nature with relatively younger populations but will face dramatic population ageing over the next 40 years. Australasia has well-developed services for older people. The Indigenous populations of Australasia have worse health outcomes than the non-Indigenous populations. However, outside Australasia there is an urgent need to develop health and community services for older people in the remainder of the region.

scholarly journals The Implementation Of State Responsibility Principle in Indonesia Concerning Plastic Waste of Pacific Ocean

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-233
Author(s):  
Zulkhanadya Zulkhanadya ◽  
Sophia Listriani
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
National Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
State Responsibility ◽  
National Regulation ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
International Obligations ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
United Nations Convention

Today, plastic waste is the most widely found in the Pacific Ocean, around 99% of garbage in the Pacific Ocean is plastic waste. Indonesia as the second-largest contributor plastic waste to sea, it needs to implement the state responsibility principle to fulfill the international obligations as referred to article 235 (1) of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) 1982, stated that states are responsible for the fulfillment of their international obligations concerning the protection and preservation the marine environment. The state responsibility principle is also discussed at the national level, in Indonesia itself, there is a national regulation that discusses the state responsibility principle such as Law No. 32 of 2009 on environmental protection and management. Therefore, this paper will discuss the implementation of state responsibility principle in Indonesia and the challenges faced by Indonesia in implementing the state responsibility principle.

Redescription of Tetragonurus pacificus (Teleostei: Stromateoidei: Tetragonuridae), based on specimens collected from Taiwan and Tarawa Atoll

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4702 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
KEITA KOEDA ◽  
AKINORI TERAMURA
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Present Specimen ◽  
Dorsal Fin ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Juvenile Specimen ◽  
Fresh Specimen ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
Southwestern Taiwan ◽  
Southern Pacific Ocean

The rare squaretail Tetragonurus pacificus Abe 1953 was described on the basis of a single poor-condition specimen obtained from the stomach of a yellowfin tuna collected from west of the Solomon Islands. A fresh specimen of T. pacificus was recently collected from southwestern Taiwan and its morphology and the fresh coloration are herein described in detail. In addition, a juvenile specimen collected from the southern Pacific Ocean was found in the museum collection. The species is characterized by dorsal-fin spines 10–11; longitudinal scale rows along body axis 72–80; and predorsal scales 17–20. The present specimen collected from off southwestern Taiwan represents the northernmost record of the species from the Pacific Ocean. 

Movement of juvenile tuna deduced from parasite data

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 1678-1689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley R Moore ◽  
Pratiwi Lestari ◽  
Scott C Cutmore ◽  
Craig Proctor ◽  
Robert J G Lester
Keyword(s):  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
Parasite Fauna ◽  
Yellowfin Tuna ◽  
Bigeye Tuna ◽  
Diet Patterns ◽  
Indonesian Archipelago ◽  
Thunnus Obesus ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Pacific Ocean

Abstract The movements, and hence stock structures, of bigeye tuna, Thunnus obesus, and yellowfin tuna, Thunnus albacares, remain poorly defined despite their importance to food security, livelihoods and government revenue in many nations. We examined the parasite fauna of juvenile bigeye tuna and juvenile yellowfin tuna from areas within and outside Indonesia to determine how far they may have moved since metamorphosis and acquisition of a piscivorous diet. Patterns in parasite data between collection areas were consistent between the two tuna species. Fish from two outlier areas, Maldives and the Solomon Islands, harboured a distinct parasite fauna from those from adjacent Indonesian areas, although occasionally showed similarity with those from within the Indonesian archipelago. Within Indonesia, the parasite data indicated that few juvenile fish moved west from the Pacific Ocean into the archipelago and few moved west from the archipelago into the eastern Indian Ocean. While sampling of adult fish is required to fully resolve the stock structure of both tuna species, the results provide a necessary first-step in examining structuring of the two tuna species in Indonesia and indicate that juveniles of both species may have more restricted movement than is recognized in current management arrangements.

The Pacific Islands Regional Ocean Policy: The Quest for Good Ocean Governance

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 558-577
Author(s):  
Joeli Veitayaki ◽  
Nathan Evans ◽  
G. Robin South
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Ocean Governance ◽  
Ocean Policy ◽  
The Pacific

Improving Adolescent Reproductive Health in Asia and the Pacific

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie Gray ◽  
Peter Azzopardi ◽  
Elissa Kennedy ◽  
Elise Willersdorf ◽  
Mick Creati
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Adolescent Mothers ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
National Level ◽  
Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Reporting Templates ◽  
Adolescent Reproductive Health ◽  
Policies And Programs ◽  
Map Data

Data on adolescent reproductive health (ARH) are required to inform evidence-based policies and programs. The reports of national-level household surveys such as the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) and Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) are important sources of such data in developing countries. The aim of this study was to map data on ARH from DHS and MICS reports from selected countries in the Asia and Pacific regions. The DHS and MICS reports for Bangladesh, Cambodia, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Solomon Islands, Timor-Leste, Vanuatu, and Vietnam were reviewed. Data on 128 indicators, including ARH outcomes, outcomes for babies of adolescent mothers, and adolescents’ access to health information and services, were mapped. Available data are limited because of the omission of cohorts such as young adolescents (10-14 years old) and, in many surveys, unmarried women; the omission of important indicators; and failure to report data disaggregated by age. DHS and MICS reports have limited capacity to inform policy and programs to improve ARH. A review of DHS and MICS sampling strategies and reporting templates, and a consideration of alternative data collection strategies, are warranted.

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