scholarly journals Different Effects of Thermophilic Microbiological Inoculation With and Without Biochar on Physicochemical Characteristics and Bacterial Communities in Pig Manure Composting

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Likun Sun ◽  
Min Long ◽  
Jianshu Li ◽  
Renfei Wu ◽  
Lin Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Nitrogen Loss ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Bacterial Phyla ◽  
Total Nitrogen Loss

This study evaluated the effects of thermophilic microbiological inoculation alone (TA) and integrated with biochar (TB) on the physicochemical characteristics and bacterial communities in pig manure (PM) composting with wheat straw. Both TA and TB accelerated the rate of temperature increase during the PM composting. TA significantly reduced total nitrogen loss by 18.03% as opposed to TB which significantly accelerated total organic carbon degradation by 12.21% compared with the control. Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Proteobacteria were the major phyla in composting. Variation of the relative abundance of genera depended on the composting period and treatment. The genera Lactobacillus (26.88–46.71%) and Clostridium_sensu_stricto (9.03–31.69%) occupied a superior position in the temperature rise stage, and Bacillus (30.90–36.19%) was outstanding in the cooling stage. Temperature, total nitrogen (TN), and ammonium nitrogen significantly influenced the bacterial phyla composition. TN, water content, and nitrite nitrogen were the main drivers of the bacterial community genera. Furthermore, our results demonstrated that microbiological consortia were resistant to high temperatures and could fix nitrogen for enriched Pseudomonas; however, when interacted with biochar, total organic carbon (TOC) degradation was accelerated for higher bacterial richness and diversity as well as overrepresented Corynebacterium.

Glucose-induced changes in the bacterial communities of mine tailings at different acidification stages

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-213
Author(s):  
Yang Li ◽  
Zhaojun Wu ◽  
Xingchen Dong ◽  
Dongmei Wang ◽  
Huizhen Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Mine Tailings ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Glucose Addition ◽  
Community Growth

Ecological restoration technologies applied to tailings can influence the associated bacterial communities. However, it is unknown if the shifts in these bacterial communities are caused by increased organic carbon. Glucose-induced respiration and high-throughput sequencing were used to assess the microbial activity and bacterial communities, respectively. Glucose addition increased the microbial activity, and glucose + ammonium nitrate addition resulted in slightly higher CO2 emission than did glucose addition alone, suggesting that carbon and nitrogen limited microbial community growth. In neutral pH tailings, the bacterial taxa that increased by glucose addition were assigned to the phyla Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Planctomycetes. However, the bacterial taxa that increased by glucose addition in acidic tailings only belonged to the phylum Actinobacteria (maximum increase of 43.78%). In addition, the abundances of the total nitrogen-fixing genera and of the genus Arthrobacter (representing approximately 97.89% of the total nitrogen-fixing genera) increased by glucose addition in acidic tailings (maximum increase of 46.98%). In contrast, the relative abundances of the total iron- and (or) sulfur-oxidizing bacteria decreased (maximum decrease of 10.41%) in response to the addition of glucose. These findings indicate that the addition of organic carbon is beneficial to the development of bacterial communities in mine tailings.

scholarly journals One-step Oxidation of Total Organic Carbon, Total Nitrogen, and Total Phosphorous using Wet Chemical Oxidation

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 603-609
Author(s):  
Jeong-Hwan Choi ◽  
Dong-Hun Shin ◽  
Hye-Bin Kim ◽  
Jong-Gook Kim ◽  
Kitae Baek
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Uv Irradiation ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Irradiation Time ◽  
Suitable Condition ◽  
Chemical Oxidation ◽  
Total Phosphorous ◽  
Wet Chemical

Objective:This study proposed the simultaneous multi-oxidation of total organic carbon, total nitrogen, and total phosphorous using modified wet chemical oxidation method.Methods:The multi oxidation process was based on the dual radical system with sulfate and hydroxyl radicals. The sodium persulfate (Na2S2O8) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) were activated at 40℃ and UV irradiation with 254 nm to generate the sulfate radical and hydroxyl radical. The organic matters were oxidized by the dual radicals, and TOC, TN, and TP values were compared with the control group.Results and Discussion:The dual radical system oxidized organic carbon to carbon dioxide effectively, and the TOC values were similar to the value obtained from the high-temperature combustion technique. However, the residual persulfate after oxidation process interfered the absorbance for TN and inhibit the complexation in TP measurement. The residual persulfate was effectively converted to sulfate by longer heating and UV irradiation, and the interferences were more sensitive to reaction temperature than UV irradiation time. As a result, a higher temperature condition was more effective and enhanced the applicability of multi-oxidation.Conclusions:The multi oxidation of TOC, TN, and TP was demonstrated by wet chemical oxidation, and the proposed method is expected to secure the sample and reduce the analytic time. However, the more suitable condition to enhance the accuracy of TOC, TN, and TP in the multi-oxidation system should be studied further.

Assessment of trace metals, total organic carbon and total nitrogen of a shrimp farm system in Southern Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 101452
Author(s):  
Luis H. Poersch ◽  
William Bauer ◽  
Mônica Wallner Kersanach ◽  
Wilson Wasielesky
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Shrimp Farm ◽  
Farm System

Driving forces and future trends on total nitrogen loss of planting in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 267 ◽  
pp. 115660
Author(s):  
Liu Liyuan ◽  
Zheng Xiangqun ◽  
Peng Chengfeng ◽  
Li Junyi ◽  
Xu Yan
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Nitrogen Loss ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Total Nitrogen Loss

Slope length effects on processes of total nitrogen loss under simulated rainfall

CATENA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 139 ◽  
pp. 73-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weimin Xing ◽  
Peiling Yang ◽  
Shumei Ren ◽  
Chang Ao ◽  
Xu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Loss ◽  
Simulated Rainfall ◽  
Slope Length ◽  
Total Nitrogen Loss ◽  
Length Effects

scholarly journals KEHILANGAN NITROGEN PADA SISTEM USAHATANI JAGUNG MANIS DI LAHAN GAMBUT KALIMANTAN TENGAH (Nitrogen Lost on Sweet Corn Of Peatland Farming System in Central Kalimantan)

AgriPeat ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (01) ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Administrator Journal
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Nitrogen Loss ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Total Nitrogen Loss ◽  
Npk Fertilizer

ABSTRACTApplication of fertilizer can increase nitrogen loss in agricultural land in the form of leaching andvolatilization. Research carried out on peat soil, done two times planting. First in the dry season totransition with nitrogen input from urea fertilizer, cow dung manure and from rainfall. Both areimplemented in the month of transition to the rainy season with nutrient input from nitrogen derivedfrom pearl NPK fertilizer, chicken manure and rainfall. Nitrogen washing is obtained frompercolation water which is accommodated by lysimeter. The volume of percolation water measuredat plant age 15, 30, 45 HST and at harvest, N content in laboratory analysis. The purpose of thisresearch is to know total nitrogen loss and efficiency level of sweet corn farming system inpeatland. Nitrogen washing in the first study was 2.28 kg N ha-1 or 2.49% and in the second studywas 8.95 kg N ha-1 or 13.65%. The other estimated loss of volatilization in the first study was 12.80Kg N ha-1 or 13.97% and in the second study it was 6.76 Kg N ha-1 or 10.31%. Average lossestimated volatilization of 9.78 kg N ha-1 or 12.45% Total nitrogen loss of 19.60%, so that sweetcorn farming system on peatlands in Kalampangan Urban Palangkaraya is classified as inefficientKeywords: Nitrogen, Sweet Corn, Peat Land

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