scholarly journals Neuromodulation Effect of Very Low Intensity Transcranial Ultrasound Stimulation on Multiple Nuclei in Rat Brain

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingjian Liu ◽  
Gang Wang ◽  
Chao Cao ◽  
Gaorui Zhang ◽  
Emily B. Tanzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Potential ◽  
High Amplitude ◽  
Transcranial Ultrasound ◽  
Spectrum Estimation ◽  
Rhythmic Pattern ◽  
Neural Oscillation ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Ultrasound Stimulation ◽  
High Gamma

ObjectiveLow-intensity transcranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS) is a non-invasive neuromodulation technique with high spatial resolution and feasible penetration depth. To date, the mechanisms of TUS modulated neural oscillations are not fully understood. This study designed a very low acoustic intensity (AI) TUS system that produces considerably reduced AI Ultrasound pulses (ISPTA < 0.5 W/cm2) when compared to previous methods used to measure regional neural oscillation patterns under different TUS parameters.MethodsWe recorded the local field potential (LFP) of five brain nuclei under TUS with three groups of simulating parameters. Spectrum estimation, time-frequency analysis (TFA), and relative power analysis methods have been applied to investigate neural oscillation patterns under different stimulation parameters.ResultsUnder PRF, 500 Hz and 1 kHz TUS, high-amplitude LFP activity with the auto-rhythmic pattern appeared in selected nuclei when ISPTA exceeded 12 mW/cm2. With TFA, high-frequency energy (slow gamma and high gamma) was significantly increased during the auto-rhythmic patterns. We observed an initial plateau in nuclei response when ISPTA reached 16.4 mW/cm2 for RPF 500 Hz and 20.8 mW/cm2 for RPF 1 kHz. The number of responding nuclei started decreasing while ISPTA continued increasing. Under 1.5 kHz TUS, no auto-rhythmic patterns have been observed, but slow frequency power was increased during TUS. TUS inhibited most of the frequency band and generated obvious slow waves (theta and delta band) when stimulated at RPF = 1.5 kHz, ISPTA = 8.8 mW/cm2.ConclusionThese results demonstrate that very low intensity Transcranial Ultrasound Stimulation (VLTUS) exerts significant neuromodulator effects under specific parameters in rat models and may be a valid tool to study neuronal physiology.

scholarly journals Differentiation of speech-induced artifacts from physiological high gamma activity in intracranial recordings

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Bush ◽  
Anna Chrabaszcz ◽  
Victoria Peterson ◽  
Varun Saravanan ◽  
Christina Dastolfo-Hromack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Field Potential ◽  
Vibration Sensor ◽  
Gamma Activity ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Syllable Repetition ◽  
Stereotactic Frame ◽  
High Gamma ◽  
Intracranial Recordings

AbstractThere is great interest in identifying the neurophysiological underpinnings of speech production. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery is unique in that it allows intracranial recordings from both cortical and subcortical regions in patients who are awake and speaking. The quality of these recordings, however, may be affected to various degrees by mechanical forces resulting from speech itself. Here we describe the presence of speech-induced artifacts in local-field potential (LFP) recordings obtained from mapping electrodes, DBS leads, and cortical electrodes. In addition to expected physiological increases in high gamma (60-200 Hz) activity during speech production, time-frequency analysis in many channels revealed a narrowband gamma component that exhibited a pattern similar to that observed in the speech audio spectrogram. This component was present to different degrees in multiple types of neural recordings. We show that this component tracks the fundamental frequency of the participant’s voice, correlates with the power spectrum of speech and has coherence with the produced speech audio. A vibration sensor attached to the stereotactic frame recorded speech-induced vibrations with the same pattern observed in the LFPs. No corresponding component was identified in any neural channel during the listening epoch of a syllable repetition task. These observations demonstrate how speech-induced vibrations can create artifacts in the primary frequency band of interest. Identifying and accounting for these artifacts is crucial for establishing the validity and reproducibility of speech-related data obtained from intracranial recordings during DBS surgery.

Antidepressant-Like Effect of Low-Intensity Transcranial Ultrasound Stimulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 411-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daqu Zhang ◽  
Hangdao Li ◽  
Junfeng Sun ◽  
Weiwei Hu ◽  
Wen Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Ultrasound ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Ultrasound Stimulation
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