scholarly journals Dietary Tomato Consumption and the Risk of Prostate Cancer: A Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Luo ◽  
Dandan Ke ◽  
Qingwei He
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Prostate Cancer Risk ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Tomato Products ◽  
Meta Analyses

Objective: Several epidemiological studies have linked tomato products consumption with prostate cancer risk; however, the findings yielded inconsistent results. The aim of the present meta-analysis is to summary the evidence on this association based on eligible cohort studies.Materials and Methods: A comprehensive literature search of articles was performed in March 2021 using PubMed, ISI Web of Science, and Scopus databases. A random-effects model was used to calculate the combined relative risks (RRs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity across studies was assessed using Cochran's Q statistic and the I2 score.Results: A total of 10 prospective studies were finally included in our meta-analysis. There was no evidence of a significant association between tomato products consumption and prostate cancer risk (RR 0.91, 95% CI 0.79–1.03, P = 0.138). Subgroup meta-analyses were performed by tomato types, geographical region, publication year, study quality and number of cases. No significant associations were observed in any subgroups (all P > 0.05). No significant publication bias was observed using Begg's test (P = 0.602) or Egger's test (P = 0.957).Conclusion: The results of this meta-analysis indicated that tomato consumption was not related with the risk of prostate cancer. Further prospective large-scale cohort studies are still warranted to verify our findings.

scholarly journals Aspirin Use and Common Cancer Risk: A Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies and Randomized Controlled Trials

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijuan Wang ◽  
Rongqi Zhang ◽  
Lili Yu ◽  
Jiarui Xiao ◽  
Xuan Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Prostate Cancer Risk ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Meta Analyses

BackgroundWhether aspirin use can decrease or increase cancer risk remains controversial. In this study, a meta-analysis of cohort studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were conducted to evaluate the effect of aspirin use on common cancer risk.MethodMedline and Embase databases were searched to identify relevant studies. Meta-analyses of cohort studies and RCTs were performed to assess the effect of aspirin use on the risk of colorectal, gastric, breast, prostate and lung cancer. Cochran Q test and the I square metric were calculated to detect potential heterogeneity among studies. Subgroup meta-analyses according to exposure categories (frequency and duration) and timing of aspirin use (whether aspirin was used before and after cancer diagnosis) were also performed. A dose-response analysis was carried out to evaluate and quantify the association between aspirin dose and cancer risk.ResultsA total of 88 cohort studies and seven RCTs were included in the final analysis. Meta-analyses of cohort studies revealed that regular aspirin use reduced the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) (RR=0.85, 95%CI: 0.78-0.92), gastric cancer (RR=0.67, 95%CI: 0.52-0.87), breast cancer (RR=0.93, 95%CI: 0.87-0.99) and prostate cancer (RR=0.92, 95%CI: 0.86-0.98), but showed no association with lung cancer risk. Additionally, meta-analyses of RCTs showed that aspirin use had a protective effect on CRC risk (OR=0.74, 95%CI: 0.56-0.97). When combining evidence from meta-analyses of cohorts and RCTs, consistent evidence was found for the protective effect of aspirin use on CRC risk. Subgroup analysis showed that high frequency aspirin use was associated with increased lung cancer risk (RR=1.05, 95%CI: 1.01-1.09). Dose-response analysis revealed that high-dose aspirin use may increase prostate cancer risk.ConclusionsThis study provides evidence for low-dose aspirin use for the prevention of CRC, but not other common cancers. High frequency or high dose use of aspirin should be prescribed with caution because of their associations with increased lung and prostate cancer risk, respectively. Further studies are warranted to validate these findings and to find the minimum effective dose required for cancer prevention.

Coffee Consumption and Prostate Cancer Risk: A Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 392-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Liu ◽  
Guang-Hui Hu ◽  
Xing-Chun Wang ◽  
Tian-Bao Huang ◽  
Liang Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Prostate Cancer Risk ◽  
Coffee Consumption

Vegetarianism and breast, colorectal and prostate cancer risk: an overview and meta-analysis of cohort studies

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Godos ◽  
F. Bella ◽  
S. Sciacca ◽  
F. Galvano ◽  
G. Grosso
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Prostate Cancer Risk

scholarly journals Coffee consumption is associated with a lower risk of prostate cancer: a meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaonan Chen ◽  
Yiqiao Zhao ◽  
Zijia Tao ◽  
Kefeng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Prostate Cancer Risk ◽  
Coffee Consumption ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Coffee Intake

Abstract Background Although in vitro and in vivo experiments have suggested that coffee may exert inhibitory effects on prostate carcinogenesis, epidemiological studies have reported inconsistent results on the association between coffee consumption and prostate cancer. Methods We conducted a meta-analysis of cohort studies to assess the association between coffee consumption and prostate cancer risk. PubMed and Embase were searched for eligible studies up to Jan 2020. Study-specific risk estimates were combined using fixed or random effects models depending on whether significant heterogeneity was detected. Results Fifteen prospective cohort studies, with 50,200 cases of prostate cancer and 949,752 total cohort members, were included in the meta-analysis. A statistically significant inverse association was detected between coffee consumption and prostate cancer risk. The pooled relative risk (RR) was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.84, 0.98; I 2= 53.2%) for the highest coffee consumption compared with lowest consumption. The association exhibited a linear trend ( P =0.006 for linear trend), and the pooled RR was 0.989 (95% CI: 0.982, 0.997) for an increase of 1 cup of coffee per day. The pooled RRs were 0.93 (95% CI: 0.87, 0.99), 0.88 (95% CI: 0.71, 1.09) and 0.84 (95% CI: 0.66, 1.08) for localized, advanced and fatal prostate cancer, respectively. No publication bias was detected. Conclusions Our findings provide more evidence that increased coffee consumption is associated with lower prostate cancer risk. It implies that men might be encouraged to increase the coffee intake to lower their risk of prostate cancer.

scholarly journals Vasectomy and prostate cancer risk: a meta-analysis of cohort studies

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonggang Shang ◽  
Guangwei Han ◽  
Jia Li ◽  
Jiang Zhao ◽  
Dong Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Prostate Cancer Risk

scholarly journals Dairy products, calcium, and prostate cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies

2014 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dagfinn Aune ◽  
Deborah A Navarro Rosenblatt ◽  
Doris SM Chan ◽  
Ana Rita Vieira ◽  
Rui Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Prostate Cancer Risk

Vasectomy and prostate cancer risk: a meta-analysis of prospective studies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Cheng ◽  
Bo Yang ◽  
Liwei Xu ◽  
Qiming Zheng ◽  
Guoqing Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Prospective Studies ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Prostate Cancer Risk ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Summary Relative Risk

Abstract Epidemiological cohort studies investigating the association between vasectomy and prostate cancer risk have yielded inconsistent results. The aim of the present meta-analysis is to update the evidence on the association between vasectomy and prostate cancer. A comprehensively literature search of relevant studies was performed in December 2019 using PubMed. A DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model was used to calculate the summary relative risk (RR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI). A total of 15 eligible cohort studies (16 data sets) with more than four million of participants were eventually included in this meta-analysis. There was a statistically significant higher risk of prostate cancer among men who underwent vasectomy (RR: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.04–1.13) with obvious heterogeneity among included studies (P < 0.001, I2 = 64.2%). Vasectomy was also associated with the risk of advanced prostate cancer (RR: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.02–1.13), which is less likely to be affected from detection bias. In conclusion, findings from this meta-analysis of prospective studies indicate that vasectomy may be positively associated with the risk of prostate cancer. Further large prospective studies with long follow-up are warranted to verify the findings from this meta-analysis. In addition, the potential underlying molecular mechanism needed further exploration with in vitro and animal studies.

scholarly journals Associations between fruit, vegetable and legume intakes and prostate cancer risk: results from the prospective Supplémentation en Vitamines et Minéraux Antioxydants (SU.VI.MAX) cohort

2016 ◽  
Vol 115 (9) ◽  
pp. 1579-1585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abou Diallo ◽  
Mélanie Deschasaux ◽  
Pilar Galan ◽  
Serge Hercberg ◽  
Laurent Zelek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Prospective Studies ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Prostate Cancer Risk ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Tomato Products

AbstractAlthough experimental studies suggest that fruits, vegetables and legumes may exert protective effects against prostate carcinogenesis through various bioactive compounds such as dietary fibre and antioxidants, epidemiological evidence is lacking. Notably, very few prospective studies have investigated the relationship between legume intake and prostate cancer risk. Our objective was to prospectively investigate the association between fruit, vegetable, tomato products, potatoes and legume intakes and prostate cancer risk. This study included 3313 male participants to the SUpplémentation en VItamines et Minéraux AntioXydants cohort (follow-up: 1994–2007) who completed at least three 24-h dietary records during the first 2 years of follow-up. Associations between tertiles of intake and prostate cancer risk were assessed by multivariate Cox proportional hazards models. After a median follow-up of 12·6 years, 139 incident prostate cancers were diagnosed. An inverse association was observed between prostate cancer risk and tertiles of legume intake (hazard ratio (HR)T3v.T1=0·53; 95 % CI 0·34, 0·85; Ptrend=0·009). This association was maintained after excluding soya and soya products from the legume group (HRT3 v.T1=0·56; 95 % CI 0·35, 0·89; Ptrend=0·02). No association was observed between prostate cancer risk and tertiles of intakes of fruits (Ptrend=0·25), vegetables (Ptrend=0·91), potatoes (Ptrend=0·77) and tomato products (Ptrend=0·09). This prospective study confirms the null association between fruit and non-starchy vegetable intakes and prostate cancer risk observed in most previous cohorts. In contrast, although very few prospective studies have been published on the topic, our results suggest an inverse association between legume intake and prostate cancer risk, supported by mechanistic plausibility. These results should be confirmed by large-scale observational and intervention studies.

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