scholarly journals Dietary Intake of Total Carbohydrates, Sugar and Sugar-Sweetened Beverages, and Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeinab Khademi ◽  
Alireza Milajerdi ◽  
Bagher Larijani ◽  
Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Dietary Carbohydrates ◽  
Sugar Intake ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Objectives: No earlier study has summarized findings from prospective cohort studies on the association of dietary carbohydrates, sugar, and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) consumption and risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The current study was done to quantitatively summarize earlier information from prospective cohort studies on the link between dietary carbohydrates, sugar, and SSBs intake with risk of IBD.Methods: Relevant studies published up to June 2021 were searched through PubMed, Medline, SCOPUS, EMBASE, and Google Scholar with the use of relevant keywords. All prospective cohort studies investigating the association of dietary carbohydrates, sugar, and SSBs consumption with risk of IBD were included.Results: Combining 5 effect sizes from 4 cohort studies, no significant association was found between dietary intake of carbohydrates and risk of ulcerative colitis (UC) (RR: 1.22; 95% CI: 0.70–2.14). The same findings were obtained for risk of Crohn's disease (CD) (RR: 1.06; 95% CI: 0.64–1.75) based on 4 studies with 5 effect sizes. A significant positive association was observed between sugar intake and risk of UC (RR: 1.59; 95% CI: 1.15–2.20), as well as CD (RR: 1.90; 95% CI: 1.06–3.41) when 5 effect sizes from 4 cohort studies were combined. The overall effect size, based on 4 estimates, revealed no significant association between SSBs consumption and risk of UC (RR: 1.02; 95% CI: 0.92–1.12) and CD (RR: 1.22; 95% CI: 0.91–1.64).Conclusions: Summarizing earlier studies, sugar intake was found to be associated with increased risk of IBD and its subtypes. Any significant association between dietary intake of carbohydrates and SSBs and risk of IBD and its subtypes was not found.

scholarly journals Sex-Related Differences in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Results of 2 Prospective Cohort Studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1298-1306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjam Severs ◽  
Lieke M Spekhorst ◽  
Marie-Josée J Mangen ◽  
Gerard Dijkstra ◽  
Mark Löwenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

scholarly journals Starch Digestion-Related Amylase Genetic Variants, Diet, and Changes in Adiposity: Analyses in Prospective Cohort Studies and a Randomized Dietary Intervention

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ada Admin ◽  
Yoriko Heianza ◽  
Tao Zhou ◽  
Yuhang Chen ◽  
Tao Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Dietary Carbohydrate ◽  
Central Adiposity ◽  
Salivary Amylase ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies

Salivary amylase, encoded by the <i>AMY1</i> gene, is responsible for the digestion of carbohydrates. We investigated associations of the <i>AMY1</i> genetic variations with general and central adiposity changes considering dietary carbohydrate intake among 32054 adults from 4 prospective cohort studies. A genetic risk score (GRS) was calculated based on nine <i>AMY1</i> single-nucleotide polymorphisms, with higher AMY1-GRS indicating higher activity of salivary amylase. We meta-analyzed interactions between AMY1-GRS and dietary intake for changes in general and central adiposity over 5.5–10 years. We found that carbohydrate food intake significantly altered associations of <i>AMY1</i>-GRS with changes in body mass index (<i>P<sub>interaction</sub></i>=0.001) and waist circumference (<i>P<sub>interaction</sub></i> <0.001). Results were consistent and significant in female cohorts rather than in male cohorts. Among women, higher AMY1-GRS was associated with more increases in adiposity if dietary carbohydrate food intake was high, while higher AMY1-GRS was associated with less gains in adiposity when the dietary intake was low. Also, in a 2-year randomized dietary intervention trial, associations of <i>AMY1</i>-GRS with changes in weight (<i>P<sub>interaction</sub></i>=0.023) and waist circumference (<i>P<sub>interaction</sub></i><sub>=</sub>0.037) were significantly modified by carbohydrate intake. Our results suggest the importance of precision nutrition strategies considering participants’ genetic adaptation to carbohydrate-rich diets in regulating general and central adiposity.

Soy Foods and the Risk of Fracture: A Systematic Review of Prospective Cohort Studies

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Mohsen Akhavan Zanjani ◽  
Sepideh Rahmani ◽  
Sanaz Mehranfar ◽  
Milad Zarrin ◽  
Hadi Bazyar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Soy Foods ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Incident Fracture

<b><i>Objectives:</i></b> The primary objective of our study was to systematically review all available prospective cohort studies which investigated the association of soy food intake and incident fracture risk. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We searched PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases for relevant studies up to June 2021. <b><i>Synthesis:</i></b> Of 695 records, a total of 5 cohort studies were included in the current systematic review. Two studies that were performed in China evaluated hip fracture while 2 studies that were done in Singapore evaluated any kind of fractures. The other study was conducted in Japan and evaluated osteoporosis fractures. All studies used a face-to-face interview to assess the dietary intake of soy foods. All 5 cohort studies were determined to be of high quality. One study considered soy food as a part of a vegetables-fruit-soy food dietary pattern. Others reported the association of dietary intake of soy foods with the risk of fractures. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The evidence from prospective cohort studies was suggestive for a protective role of soy foods, alone or within a dietary pattern, in the risk of incident fracture among Asian women, particularly for those in early menopause and those who used fermented soy products. But for men, the association was not significant. However, more cohort studies, including non-Asian populations, are required to confirm this association fully.

scholarly journals Dietary Intake of Linoleic Acid, Its Concentrations, and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies

Diabetes Care ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 2173-2181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Mohammad Mousavi ◽  
Yahya Jalilpiran ◽  
Elmira Karimi ◽  
Dagfinn Aune ◽  
Bagher Larijani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies

scholarly journals Association of Dietary Fiber, Fruit, and Vegetable Consumption with Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Milajerdi ◽  
Nasser Ebrahimi-Daryani ◽  
Levinus A Dieleman ◽  
Bagher Larijani ◽  
Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Dietary Fiber Intake ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

ABSTRACT No previous investigation has summarized findings from prospective cohort studies on the association between dietary intake of fiber, fruit, and vegetables and risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Dietary fiber and its major sources can influence the risk of IBD by modulation of the gut microbiota. This study summarizes findings from published cohort studies on the association between dietary fiber, fruit, and vegetable consumption and risk of IBD. Relevant articles published up to January 2019 were searched via PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. All prospective cohort studies investigating the association between dietary fiber, fruit, and vegetable intake and risk of IBD were included. Combining 7 effect sizes from 6 studies, no significant association was found between dietary intake of fiber and risk of ulcerative colitis (UC) (RR: 1.09; 95% CI: 0.88, 1.34). However, a significant inverse association was found between dietary fiber intake and risk of Crohn disease (CD) (RR: 0.59; 95% CI: 0.46, 0.74), based on 5 studies with 6 effect sizes. Pooling information from 4 studies, we found a significant protective association between dietary intake of fruit and risk of UC (RR: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.55, 0.86) and CD (RR: 0.47; 95% CI: 0.38, 0.58). We also found a significant inverse association between vegetable consumption and risk of UC (RR: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.48, 0.66) and CD (RR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.46, 0.59). In conclusion, dietary intake of fruit and vegetables was inversely associated with risk of IBD and its subtypes. Dietary fiber intake was also inversely associated with incidence of IBD and CD, but not with UC. Further studies are warranted to examine the association of other fiber-rich foods with IBD.

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