scholarly journals The Effects of L-Carnitine, Acetyl-L-Carnitine, and Propionyl-L-Carnitine on Body Mass in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Dong Wang ◽  
Tian-Yun Wang ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Su-Mei He ◽  
You-Mei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
The Body ◽  
Maximal Effect ◽  
Mixed Effect

Purpose: The study aimed to explore the effects of l-carnitine, acetyl-l-carnitine, and propionyl-l-carnitine on Body Mass in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.Methods: Randomized controlled trial (RCT) studies of l-carnitine, acetyl-l-carnitine, and propionyl-l-carnitine in T2DM patients were searched. The change rates of Body Mass index (BMI) from baseline values were used as an evaluation indicator. The maximal effect (Emax) model by non-linear mixed-effect modeling (NONMEM) was used as the evaluation method.Results: A total of 10 RCT studies, 1239 T2DM patients were included for analysis, including eight studies of l-carnitine, one study of acetyl-l-carnitine, and one study of propionyl-l-carnitine. The study found that l-carnitine could reduce the Body Mass of T2DM patients. Based on only one study each for acetyl-l-carnitine and propionyl-l-carnitine, no significant effects were found in acetyl-l-carnitine or propionyl-l-carnitine. In addition, in order to achieve a plateau of efficacy (80% Emax), 2 g/day l-carnitine was required for at least 2 weeks.Conclusions: Two g/day l-carnitine was required for at least 2 weeks to affect Body Mass in T2DM patients, and no significant effects were found in acetyl-l-carnitine or propionyl-l-carnitine.

scholarly journals Influence of Bromocriptine Plus Metformin Treatment on Glycaemia and Blood Pressure in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
Alfredo Briones-Aranda ◽  
Javier Ramírez-Carballo ◽  
Bernardo Alfredo Romero Gómez ◽  
Victor Manuel Vega Villa ◽  
Manuela Castellanos Pérez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Open Label ◽  
D2 Agonist

Abstract Background and aims: Bromocriptine is a dopaminergic (D2) agonist that has shown hypoglycemic and normotensive activity in preclinical and clinical studies. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of bromocriptine plus metformin on glycaemia and blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Material and methods: An open-label randomised controlled trial was conducted for three months. It involved two groups (n=10), each containing 2 women and 8 men with an average age of 50 years. One group was given monotherapy (MT) with metformin (850 mg every 12 h) and the other combined therapy (CT) with the same dose of metformin plus an increasing dose of bromocriptine (from 1.25 mg per day to 2.5 mg per day). The parameters monitored were glycaemia, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), serum creatinine, blood pressure, and the body mass index. Results: CT was able to significantly decrease the level of glycaemia, HbA1c and diastolic blood pressure, whereas MT had no effect on any of the measured variables. Conclusions: The ability of CT with bromocriptine and metformin to control glycaemia and produce a normotensive effect reaffirms its advantages for controlling T2DM. Further research is needed to improve this therapeutic strategy.

Influence of the body mass index on the occurrence of falls in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 522-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline B. Herrera-Rangel ◽  
Catalina Aranda-Moreno ◽  
Teresa Mantilla-Ochoa ◽  
Lilia Zainos-Saucedo ◽  
Kathrine Jáuregui-Renaud
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The Body

scholarly journals Epidemiology and Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Children with Obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
Vidit Kulshreshta ◽  
Syed M. Shahid
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Global Population ◽  
Diabetes In Youth

The epidemiology and prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in today’s youth and tomorrow’s adults, is currently in alarming stages and goes hand in hand with Childhood Obesity (CO). This association causes detrimental impacts on child health and around 68% global population today are affected by it. T2DM is initiated in children with obesity as insulin functioning is resisted, which further leads to an inflammation and damage in the pancreas leading to adverse effects in later stages of life. Many scientific studies have been conducted to understand this link and does Body Mass Index (BMI) contribute to this epidemiology and complications related to T2DM and Obesity in children. Alarming effects, both physically and internally on the pancreas are observed because of these conditions and also causes fat deposition in the body organs like pancreas leading to increased Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist Circumference (WC). This association can be caused due to genetic factor during infancy, but this has still not been validated as relevant researches are still underway. Important studies like SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth have contributed to giving important and useful findings about this association but still much needs to be achieved to make future progress in overcoming this burden on child health and ensure that Sustainable Developmental Goal (SDG) 3 is achieved at a global level.

scholarly journals Metformin and Exercise; the Effects of Metformin in the Body Building to Minimize the Effects of the Use of Anabolics: Case Report for a Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
Oral Antidiabetic

Metformin is an oral antidiabetic used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. More precisely, it belongs to the class of biguanides, Metformin is used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus both as monotherapy and in combination therapy with other oral antidiabetic agents or with insulin, when dietary interventions and exercise are not sufficient to control the disease. When used in overweight diabetic patients, metformin also causes a decrease in the complications of diabetes and its use has been associated with stabilization and, albeit modest, loss of body weight.In type 2 diabetes mellitus (called also DM2 and in the past 'adult diabetes' or 'food') the insulin produced by the pancreas is unable to fully exert its action so that the body even produces it in excess, with the result on the one hand of making increasing weight and on the other hand progressively depleting the pancreas, is unable to meet the body's needs. It is as if the body were resisting the action of insulin. Metformin reduces insulin resistance. It is taken by mouth and is the only drug useful in all stages of type 2 diabetes. It also helps improve the balance of fats and, to a limited extent, blood pressure. Metformin alone has important effects on blood sugar. Accompanied by physical exercise, weight loss and possibly other medications, it is often an effective therapy. It does not cause hypoglycemia, helps not to gain weight or even reduces it. The main feature of Metformin is to interact strongly with AMPK by regulating its expression. In fact, its down regulation leads to consuming ATP, synthesizing cholesterol and fatty acids and consuming glucose: a situation in which insulin levels are quite high (therefore energy abundance).On the contrary, its up regulation leads to the creation of ATP, consuming more fatty acids for energy purposes and it is a metabolic situation similar to caloric restriction in which insulin levels are kept low (therefore energy scarcity). Metformin by upregulating AMPK has therefore shown to have a somewhat transversal therapeutic use in the treatment of metabolic dysfunctions.

scholarly journals Risk of Depression among Early Onset Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Baizid Khoorshid Riaz ◽  
Shahjada Selim ◽  
Megan Neo ◽  
Md Nazmul Karim ◽  
M. Mostafa Zaman
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Increased Risk

<b><i>Methodology:</i></b> Biochemically confirmed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients (<i>n</i> = 1,114) were recruited from the outpatient department of 2 tertiary care hospitals in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Face-to-face interview was conducted using a semi-structured questionnaire containing sociodemographic parameters and relevant information about depression and diabetes. Biochemical test results and treatment-related information were taken from patients’ records. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to screen all patients for psychiatric manifestation. Those diagnosed by HADS were subsequently reassessed using structured clinical interview for DSM-5 Disorders – Clinician Version. T2DM diagnosed at age &#x3c;40 years were considered as early onset T2DM. Association between age of onset category and depression was assessed using multivariable mixed-effect logistic regression adjusting for random variation of the area of residence and plausible confounders. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Around a third of the participants (32.5%) were diagnosed with T2DM before the age of 40 years. Early onset T2DM patients were found to have 57% increase in the risk of developing depression (OR 1.57; 95% CI 1.13–2.28; <i>p</i> = 0.011) in comparison to those with usual onset T2DM (≥40 years). Among other factors a positive family history for diabetes (OR 1.33; 95% CI 1.03–1.78; <i>p</i> = 0.038), poor glycemic control (OR 1.31; 95% CI 1.03–1.68; <i>p</i> = 0.028), presence of 1, or more diabetic complications (OR 1.37; 95% CI 1.03–1.78; <i>p</i> = 0.011) also showed increased risk of depression. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Early onset T2DM patients are at greater risk of developing depression. The finding is likely to help in setting preventive strategies aiming to reduce the presence of concomitant depression symptoms among diabetes.

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