scholarly journals Biomineralized Composite Liquid Crystal Fiber Scaffold Promotes Bone Regeneration by Enhancement of Osteogenesis and Angiogenesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Zhan ◽  
Bing Deng ◽  
Huixian Wu ◽  
Changpeng Xu ◽  
Ruiying Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Composite Scaffold ◽  
Viscoelastic Behavior ◽  
Lamellar Bone ◽  
Cell Compatibility ◽  
Crystal Fiber ◽  
Neat Plla ◽  
Vascularized Bone

Liquid crystals (LCs) are appealing biomaterials for applications in bone regenerative medicine due to their tunable physical properties and anisotropic viscoelastic behavior. This study reports a novel composite poly (L-lactide) (PLLA) scaffold that is manufactured by a simple electrospinning and biomineralization technique that precisely controls the fibrous structure in liquid LC phase. The enriched-LC composites have superior mineralization ability than neat PLLA; furthermore BMSC cells were inoculated onto the HAP-PLLA/LC with hydroxyapatite (HAP) composite scaffold to test the capability for osteogenesis in vitro. The results show that the PLLA/LC with HAP produced by mineralization leads to better cell compatibility, which is beneficial to cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, and expression of the angiogenic CD31 gene. Moreover, in vivo studies showed that the HAP-PLLA/LC scaffold with a bone-like environment significantly accelerates new and mature lamellar bone formation by development of a microenvironment for vascularized bone regeneration. Thus, this bionic composite scaffold in an LC state combining osteogenesis with vascularized activities is a promising biomaterial for bone regeneration in defective areas.

In-vitro and in-vivo studies of PLA / PCL / gelatin composite scaffold containing ascorbic acid for bone regeneration

2020 ◽  
pp. 102077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyedeh Fatemeh Hashemi ◽  
Mohsen Mehrabi ◽  
Arian Ehterami ◽  
Anneh Mohammad Gharravi ◽  
Fateme Sadat Bitaraf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Composite Scaffold ◽  
In Vivo Studies

scholarly journals Low level laser therapy promotes bone regeneration by coupling angiogenesis and osteogenesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Bai ◽  
Lijun Li ◽  
Ni Kou ◽  
Yuwen Bai ◽  
Yaoyang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Low Level Laser Therapy ◽  
Level Laser ◽  
Vascularized Bone

Abstract Background Bone tissue engineering is a new concept bringing hope for the repair of large bone defects, which remains a major clinical challenge. The formation of vascularized bone is key for bone tissue engineering. Growth of specialized blood vessels termed type H is associated with bone formation. In vivo and in vitro studies have shown that low level laser therapy (LLLT) promotes angiogenesis, fracture healing, and osteogenic differentiation of stem cells by increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, whether LLLT can couple angiogenesis and osteogenesis, and the underlying mechanisms during bone formation, remains largely unknown. Methods Mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) combined with biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) grafts were implanted into C57BL/6 mice to evaluate the effects of LLLT on the specialized vessel subtypes and bone regeneration in vivo. Furthermore, human BMSCs and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were co-cultured in vitro. The effects of LLLT on cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and osteogenesis were assessed. Results LLLT promoted the formation of blood vessels, collagen fibers, and bone tissue and also increased CD31hiEMCNhi-expressing type H vessels in mBMSC/BCP grafts implanted in mice. LLLT significantly increased both osteogenesis and angiogenesis, as well as related gene expression (HIF-1α, VEGF, TGF-β) of grafts in vivo and of co-cultured BMSCs/HUVECs in vitro. An increase or decrease of ROS induced by H2O2 or Vitamin C, respectively, resulted in an increase or decrease of HIF-1α, and a subsequent increase and decrease of VEGF and TGF-β in the co-culture system. The ROS accumulation induced by LLLT in the co-culture system was significantly decreased when HIF-1α was inhibited with DMBPA and was followed by decreased expression of VEGF and TGF-β. Conclusions LLLT enhanced vascularized bone regeneration by coupling angiogenesis and osteogenesis. ROS/HIF-1α was necessary for these effects of LLLT. LLLT triggered a ROS-dependent increase of HIF-1α, VEGF, and TGF-β and resulted in subsequent formation of type H vessels and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. As ROS also was a target of HIF-1α, there may be a positive feedback loop between ROS and HIF-1α, which further amplified HIF-1α induction via the LLLT-mediated ROS increase. This study provided new insight into the effects of LLLT on vascularization and bone regeneration in bone tissue engineering.

scholarly journals Vascularized Bone Regeneration Accelerated by 3D-Printed Nanosilicate-Functionalized Polycaprolactone Scaffold

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiongcheng Xu ◽  
Long Xiao ◽  
Yanmei Xu ◽  
Jin Zhuo ◽  
Xue Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Cytokine Secretion ◽  
Printing Technology ◽  
3D Printing Technology ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Vascularized Bone

Abstract Critical oral-maxillofacial bone defects, damaged by trauma and tumors, not only affect the physiological functions and mental health of patients but are also highly challenging to reconstruct. Personalized biomaterials customized by 3D printing technology have the potential to match oral-maxillofacial bone repair and regeneration requirements. Laponite nanosilicates have been added to biomaterials to achieve biofunctional modification owing to their excellent biocompatibility and bioactivity. Herein, porous nanosilicate-functionalized polycaprolactone (PCL/LAP) was fabricated by 3D printing technology, and its bioactivities in bone regeneration were investigated in vitro and in vivo. In vitro experiments demonstrated that PCL/LAP exhibited good cytocompatibility and enhanced the viability of BMSCs. PCL/LAP functioned to stimulate osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs at the mRNA and protein levels and elevated angiogenic gene expression and cytokine secretion. Moreover, BMSCs cultured on PCL/LAP promoted the angiogenesis potential of endothelial cells by angiogenic cytokine secretion. Then, PCL/LAP scaffolds were implanted into the calvarial defect model. Toxicological safety of PCL/LAP was confirmed, and significant enhancement of vascularized bone formation was observed. Taken together, 3D-printed PCL/LAP scaffolds with brilliant osteogenesis to enhance bone regeneration could be envisaged as an outstanding bone substitute for a promising change in oral-maxillofacial bone defect reconstruction.

3D printing of metal–organic framework incorporated porous scaffolds to promote osteogenic differentiation and bone regeneration

Nanoscale ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (48) ◽  
pp. 24437-24449
Author(s):  
Linna Zhong ◽  
Junyu Chen ◽  
Zhiyong Ma ◽  
Hao Feng ◽  
Song Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Composite Scaffold ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Porous Scaffolds ◽  
Porous Composite ◽  
Metal Organic

A nanoZIF-8 modified porous composite scaffold was fabricated via extrusion-based 3D printing technology, which could promote osteogenesis in vitro and accelerate bone regeneration in vivo.

scholarly journals The Co-Culture of ASCs and EPCs Promotes Vascularized Bone Regeneration in Critical-Sized Bone Defects of Cranial Bone in Rats

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
yuanjia he ◽  
Shuang Lin ◽  
Qiang Ao ◽  
Xiaoning He
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Culture System ◽  
Donor Site ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Cranial Bone ◽  
Vascularized Bone

Abstract Background: The repair of critical-sized bone defect represents a challenging problem in bone tissue engineering. To address the most important problem in bone defect repair, namely insufficient blood supply, this study aimed to find a method that can promote the formation of vascularized bone tissue.Method The phenotypes of ASCs and EPCs were identified respectively, and ASCs/EPCs were co-cultured in vitro to detect the expression of osteogenic and angiogenic genes. Furthermore, the co-culture system combined with scaffold material was used to repair the critical-sized bone defects of the cranial bone in rats.Results The co-culture of ASCs/EPCs could increase osteogenesis and angiogenesis-related gene expression in vitro. The results of in vivo animal experiments demonstrated that the ASCs/EPCs group could promote bone regeneration and vascularization in the meantime and, then significantly accelerate the repair of critical-sized bone defects.Conclusion It is feasible to replace traditional single seed cells with ASCs/EPCs co-culture system for vascularized bone regeneration. This system could ultimately enable clinicians to better repair the defect of craniofacial bone and avoid donor site morbidity.

scholarly journals The Co-Culture of ASCs and EPCs Promotes Vascularized Bone Regeneration in Critical-Sized Bone Defects of Cranial Bone in Rats

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
yuanjia he ◽  
Shuang Lin ◽  
Qiang Ao ◽  
Xiaoning He
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Culture System ◽  
Donor Site ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Cranial Bone ◽  
Vascularized Bone

Abstract Background: The repair of critical-sized bone defect represents a challenging problem in bone tissue engineering. To address the most important problem in bone defect repair, namely insufficient blood supply, this study aimed to find a method that can promote the formation of vascularized bone tissue.Method The phenotypes of ASCs and EPCs were identified respectively, and ASCs/EPCs were co-cultured in vitro to detect the expression of osteogenic and angiogenic genes. Furthermore, the co-culture system combined with scaffold material was used to repair the critical-sized bone defects of the cranial bone in rats.Results The co-culture of ASCs/EPCs could increase osteogenesis and angiogenesis-related gene expression in vitro. The results of in vivo animal experiments demonstrated that the ASCs/EPCs group could promote bone regeneration and vascularization in the meantime and, then significantly accelerate the repair of critical-sized bone defects.Conclusion It is feasible to replace traditional single seed cells with ASCs/EPCs co-culture system for vascularized bone regeneration. This system could ultimately enable clinicians to better repair the defect of craniofacial bone and avoid donor site morbidity.

Decellularized bone extracellular matrix in skeletal tissue engineering

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 755-764
Author(s):  
Benjamin B. Rothrauff ◽  
Rocky S. Tuan
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Regenerative Capacity ◽  
Skeletal Tissue ◽  
Large Bone

Bone possesses an intrinsic regenerative capacity, which can be compromised by aging, disease, trauma, and iatrogenesis (e.g. tumor resection, pharmacological). At present, autografts and allografts are the principal biological treatments available to replace large bone segments, but both entail several limitations that reduce wider use and consistent success. The use of decellularized extracellular matrices (ECM), often derived from xenogeneic sources, has been shown to favorably influence the immune response to injury and promote site-appropriate tissue regeneration. Decellularized bone ECM (dbECM), utilized in several forms — whole organ, particles, hydrogels — has shown promise in both in vitro and in vivo animal studies to promote osteogenic differentiation of stem/progenitor cells and enhance bone regeneration. However, dbECM has yet to be investigated in clinical studies, which are needed to determine the relative efficacy of this emerging biomaterial as compared with established treatments. This mini-review highlights the recent exploration of dbECM as a biomaterial for skeletal tissue engineering and considers modifications on its future use to more consistently promote bone regeneration.

In vitro and in vivo Evaluation of BMSC Laden RGD-Conjugated MPEG-PCL Composite Hydrogels for Bone Regeneration

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Joo Kim ◽  
Su Jung You ◽  
Dae Hyeok Yang ◽  
Heung Jae Chun ◽  
Hae Kwan Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Composite Hydrogels
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