scholarly journals Effect of ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids-Derived Bioactive Lipids on Metabolic Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinjie Duan ◽  
Yayue Song ◽  
Xu Zhang ◽  
Chunjiong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Docosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Bioactive Lipids ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Adipose Tissue Dysfunction ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Arachidonic acid (ARA) is an important ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and n-3 docosapentaenoic acid (n-3 DPA) are three well-known ω-3 PUFAs. These fatty acids can be metabolized into a number of bioactive lipids. Eicosanoids derived from ARA have drawn great attention because of their important and complex biofunctions. Although EPA, DHA and n-3 DPA have also shown powerful biofunctions, we have fewer studies of metabolites derived from them than those from ARA. Recently, growing research has focused on the bioaction of ω-3 PUFA-derived metabolites, which indicates their great potential for treating metabolic disorders. Most of the functional studies of these bioactive lipids focused on their anti-inflammatory effects. However, several studies elucidated their direct effects on pancreatic β cells, hepatocytes, adipocytes, skeletal muscle cells, and endothelial cells. These researches revealed the importance of studying the functions of metabolites derived from ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids other than themselves. The current review summarizes research into the effects of ω-3 PUFA-derived oxylipins on metabolic disorders, including diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, adipose tissue dysfunction, and atherosclerosis.

scholarly journals Peroxisomal β-oxidation acts as a sensor for intracellular fatty acids and regulates lipolysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lianggong Ding ◽  
Wenfei Sun ◽  
Miroslav Balaz ◽  
Anyuan He ◽  
Manuel Klug ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Feedback Mechanism ◽  
Hormone Sensitive Lipase ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Multiple Organs ◽  
Liver Disease Progression ◽  
Hormone Sensitive ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

AbstractTo liberate fatty acids (FAs) from intracellular stores, lipolysis is regulated by the activity of the lipases adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), hormone-sensitive lipase and monoacylglycerol lipase. Excessive FA release as a result of uncontrolled lipolysis results in lipotoxicity, which can in turn promote the progression of metabolic disorders. However, whether cells can directly sense FAs to maintain cellular lipid homeostasis is unknown. Here we report a sensing mechanism for cellular FAs based on peroxisomal degradation of FAs and coupled with reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which in turn regulates FA release by modulating lipolysis. Changes in ROS levels are sensed by PEX2, which modulates ATGL levels through post-translational ubiquitination. We demonstrate the importance of this pathway for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease progression using genetic and pharmacological approaches to alter ROS levels in vivo, which can be utilized to increase hepatic ATGL levels and ameliorate hepatic steatosis. The discovery of this peroxisomal β-oxidation-mediated feedback mechanism, which is conserved in multiple organs, couples the functions of peroxisomes and lipid droplets and might serve as a new way to manipulate lipolysis to treat metabolic disorders.

scholarly journals Liver and Nutrition. An Optimal Diet for Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 105-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. V. Mayevskaya ◽  
V. T. Ivashkin
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Aim. This review study is aimed at characterizing the nutrition of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).General findings.A high-calorie diet, followed even for a short period of time, can lead to an increase in the lipid content in hepatocytes and an increase in ALT values. These changes occur much earlier than weight gain, glucose metabolism disorders and other clinically obvious changes. So far, only the Mediterranean diet (or the Mediterranean type of food) has been scientifically confirmed as beneficial for human health. It is recommended for patients with NAFLD both by Russian and international clinical guidelines. The molecular mechanisms of beneficial effects on human health have been confirmed for such Mediterranean diet components as polyphenols, carotenoids, oleic acid, polyunsaturated fatty acids and dietary fiber. The enrichment of the Mediterranean diet with olive oil (+10 g) reduces the risk of diabetes mellitus by 40 %. The addition of Omega-3 fatty acids to food reduces the risk of hepatocellular cancer. A balanced ratio of omega 3 and omega 6 in the diet is more important than the absolute amount of individual fatty acids. Vegetables and fruit contain two main classes of antioxidants: polyphenols and carotenoids. In patients with NAFLD, they exhibit an anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effect both in vivo and in vitro. Food produced from whole grain has a lower energy potential as compared to that produced from refined grain. Meat contains various nutrients, such as proteins, iron, zinc, B12 vitamin, as well as sodium, saturated fatty acids and cholesterol, which serve as risk factors for the development of NAFLD and other cardio-metabolic disorders. In this paper, we present a clinical observation of a 51-year-old patient with NAFLD and cardio-metabolic disorders. Practical recommendations are given on changes in his lifestyle and the choice of optimal therapy with the application of multifunctional drugs affecting all disease aspects.Conclusion.The concepts of ‘correct or healthy’ nutrition and ‘lifestyle modification’ are increasingly attracting much attention both in terms of the prevention and treatment of liver diseases. Proper nutrition is important for a good life prognosis in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). 

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF COMPLEX TREATMENT ON BIOCHEMICAL BLOOD PARAMETERS OF PATIENTS WITH NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE AND CONCOMITANT PRE-DIABETES

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 986-991
Author(s):  
Snizhana V. Feysa ◽  
Svitlana O. Rudakova
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Complex Treatment ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Essential Phospholipids ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

The aim: Of this research is to evaluate laboratory changes in the liver blood tests, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in NAFLD patients with concomitant pre-diabetes, and to study the feasibility of their complex treatment with the inclusion of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and essential phospholipids. Materials and methods: We have examined 55 patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease on the background of pre-diabetes aged 40 to 75 years. Modification of lifestyle was recommended to all patients as a basic treatment. In addition, the patients were prescribed essential phospholipids in 2 capsules 3 times a day and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids 1000 mg per day for 28 patients (group 1) or rosuvastatin 10 mg per day for 27 persons (group 2). The effectiveness of the treatment was evaluated in 3 months, and the long-term outcomes were evaluated in 12 months. Results: Under the influence of the prescribed treatment, a hypolipidemic effect was observed in both groups, but a significant decline in the activity of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase occurred only under the influence of a combination of essential phospholipids and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Conclusions: Thus, the described results allow to recommend this combination of medicines to patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and concomitant pre-diabetes.

scholarly journals Biochemical screen correction possibilities in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with diabetes mellitus

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 384-390
Author(s):  
S. V. Feisa ◽  
M. V. Rostoka-Reznikova ◽  
M. I. Tovt-Korshynska ◽  
L. T. Siksai
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Lipoic Acid ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Essential Phospholipids ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

The rationale for this study is the controversial data regarding the efficacy of hepatoprotectors and antioxidants for lipid profile correction in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, the prevalence of which is increasing especially in association with diabetes mellitus. We examined 100 non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients (40–75 years old) with concomitant type 2 diabetes mellitus (n = 73) or without it (n = 27), the groups were standardized by age and gender. In patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with diabetes mellitus we revealed significantly higher rates of total cholesterol, triglycerides and atherogenic factor in association with a significantly lower high-density lipoproteins level versus the group of patients without concomitant diabetes. We recommended the modification of lifestyle as basic management of their condition to all patients, hypoglycemic therapy with metformin to persons with concomitant diabetes mellitus and rosuvastatin to patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease without diabetes. In addition, 25 patients received essential phospholipids (2 caps. 3 times a day) and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (1000 mg per day) for 3 months; 26 patients – α-lipoic acid (600 mg daily) for 3 months, 22 patients received rosuvastatin (10 mg daily), 27 patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease without diabetes mellitus received rosuvastatin (10 mg daily). We evaluated the treatment efficiency after 3 months treatment, and the remote consequences – 12 months after the start of combined treatment. After 3 months, the alanine-aminotransferase rate had decreased by 15.1% in the group taking combined essential phospholipids and ω3-polyunsaturated fatty acids and by 12.9% in the group taking alpha-lipoic acid, which was significantly larger than in the rosuvastatin group (7.5%); gamma-glutamate transpeptidase level decreased by 16.7%, 18.7% and 9.4% respectively indicating anticholestatic and hepatoprotective effect of both proposed treatment combinations. The same tendency of cytolysis and cholestasis processes inhibition was observed after 12 months as well. In conclusion, the combination of standard treatment with antioxidant and hepatoprotective agents (omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids with essential phospholipids or only alpha-lipoic acid) promotes both cytolysis and cholestasis syndromes inhibition in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients with concomitant type 2 diabetes mellitus.

738 Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: A pilot trial in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

2006 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. S264 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Spadaro ◽  
O. Magliocco ◽  
D. Spampinato ◽  
S. Piro ◽  
C. Oliveri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document