Evaluation of Lower Limb Arteriovenous Diameters in Indoor Soccer Athletes: Arterial Doppler Ultrasound Study

The purpose of this study was to analyze the arterial and venous diameters of lower limbs in indoor soccer athletes and non-athletes using Doppler ultrasound to identify the differences in the variation of arterial and venous diameters between groups. Additionally, we intended to verify the differences of arterial and venous diameters between the skilled member (right member) and the not skilled member in each group. 74 male volunteers, aged between 19 and 30 years old, were divided in a group of athletes (n = 37, 24 ± 2.7 years, soccer players from national championship), and a group of non-athletes (n = 37, 26 ± 2.83 years). Vascular lower limb was assessed using Doppler ultrasound (Philips HD7 echograph with linear transducer 7–12 MHz). The athletes showed higher diameters of right common femoral artery (p = 0.009; moderate), left common femoral artery (p = 0.005; moderate), right deep femoral artery (p = 0.013; moderate), right popliteal artery (p = 0.003; moderate), and left popliteal artery (p = 0.017; small) than non-athletes. Veins’ diameters were also higher in athletes, specifically the right deep femoral vein (p ≤ 0.001; large), left deep femoral vein (p ≤ 0.001; large), right popliteal vein (p ≤ 0.001; large), and left popliteal vein (p ≤ 0.001; large). Differences were found between the skilled and non-skilled leg in athletes in the popliteal vein (7.68 ± 1.44 mm vs. 7.22 ± 1.09 mm, respectively, p < 0.003). It seems that futsal athletes have superior mean diameters of lower limbs arteries and veins of the deep venous system to non-athletes. Moreover, the veins presented greater dilation, namely of the leg of the skilled lower limb.

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Variability of Lower Limb Artery Systolic–Diastolic Velocities in Futsal Athletes and Non-Athletes: Evaluation by Arterial Doppler Ultrasound

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17020570 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 570

Author(s):

Pedro Duarte-Mendes ◽

Rui Paulo ◽

Patrícia Coelho ◽

Francisco Rodrigues ◽

Vasco Marques ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Doppler Ultrasound ◽

Femoral Artery ◽

Superficial Femoral Artery ◽

Popliteal Artery ◽

Lower Limb ◽

Vascular Remodeling ◽

Deep Femoral Artery ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Diastolic Velocity ◽

The Right

Background: Sports athletes, namely high-intensity practitioners, suffer from vascular remodeling overtime. The purpose of this study was to analyze the systolic and diastolic velocities’ variation between non-athletes and futsal athletes by means of arterial lower limb doppler ultrasound. Additionally, we intended to verify if the velocity variations occur primarily at the systolic or the diastolic level and in which arteries. Methods: Seventy-six young males (mean ± SD: 24.9 ± 2.8 years old) volunteered to participate in this cross-sectional study and were divided into two groups: a futsal athletes group (n = 38; 24 ± 2.78 years) in the central region of Portugal playing on the 2nd national league with the same level of practice (16 ± 2.4 years of practice) and a non-athletes group (n = 38: 26 ± 1.8 years) who did not practice sports regularly and were not federated in any sport. All the subjects agreed to participate in the study with the aim of assessing the arterial lower limb through doppler ultrasound (Philips HD7 echograph with linear transducer 7–12 MHz). Results: Differences between groups (p ≤ 0.05) in the systolic velocity of the left deep femoral artery (p = 0.022; d = 0.546, small) and in the right superficial femoral artery (p = 0.028; d = −0.515, small) were found. We also found differences in the diastolic velocity: in the left common femoral artery (p = 0.002; d = −0.748, moderate), in the right deep femoral artery (p = 0.028; d = −0.521, small), in the right superficial femoral artery (p = 0.026; d = −0.522, small), in the right popliteal artery (p = 0.002; d = −0.763, moderate), and in the left popliteal artery (p = 0.007; d = −0.655, moderate). Moreover, the athletes’ group presented the highest mean values, with the exception of the systolic velocity of the left deep femoral artery. In intragroup analysis of variance referring to systolic and diastolic velocities in arterial levels in the right and left arteries, differences were found in all analyses (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: We conclude that futsal athletes of our sample go through a process of changes such as increased blood flow velocity in systolic and diastolic cardiac phase in all studied lower limb arteries, showing that the remodeling occurs regardless of vessel radius. Our results reinforce the existence of vascular remodeling that may vary with the sport and its intensity.

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Relationship between upper and lower limb conduit artery vasodilator function in humans

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/japplphysiol.00290.2011 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 111 (1) ◽

pp. 244-250 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

Dick H. J. Thijssen ◽

Nicola Rowley ◽

Jaume Padilla ◽

Grant H. Simmons ◽

M. Harold Laughlin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Endothelial Function ◽

Femoral Artery ◽

Brachial Artery ◽

Superficial Femoral Artery ◽

Popliteal Artery ◽

Lower Limb ◽

Strong Predictor ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Conduit Artery ◽

Healthy Humans

Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) is a strong predictor of future cardiovascular disease and is believed to represent a “barometer” of systemic endothelial health. Although a recent study [Padilla et al. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 235: 1287–1291, 2010] in pigs confirmed a strong correlation between brachial and femoral artery endothelial function, it is unclear to what extent brachial artery FMD represents a systemic index of endothelial function in humans. We conducted a retrospective analysis of data from our laboratory to evaluate relationships between the upper (i.e., brachial artery) vs. lower limb (superficial femoral n = 75; popliteal artery n = 32) endothelium-dependent FMD and endothelium-independent glyceryl trinitrate (GTN)-mediated dilation in young, healthy individuals. We also examined the relationship between FMD assessed in both brachial arteries ( n = 42). There was no correlation between brachial and superficial femoral artery FMD ( r2 = 0.008; P = 0.46) or between brachial and popliteal artery FMD ( r2 = 0.003; P = 0.78). However, a correlation was observed in FMD between both brachial arteries ( r2 = 0.34; P < 0.001). Brachial and superficial femoral artery GTN were modestly correlated ( r2 = 0.13; P = 0.007), but brachial and popliteal artery GTN responses were not ( r2 = 0.08; P = 0.11). Collectively, these data indicate that conduit artery vasodilator function in the upper limbs (of healthy humans) is not predictive of that in the lower limbs, whereas measurement of FMD in one arm appears to be predictive of FMD in the other. These data do not support the hypothesis that brachial artery FMD in healthy humans represents a systemic index of endothelial function.

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A modified axillo-femoral perfusion for acute type a aortic dissection accompanied with lower limb malperfusion

Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery ◽

10.1186/s13019-020-1060-2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Qianzhen Li ◽

Liangwan Chen ◽

Yue Shen ◽

Jiahui Li ◽

Yi Dong

Keyword(s):

Femoral Artery ◽

Lower Limb ◽

Axillary Artery ◽

Type A ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Acute Type ◽

Ischemic Time ◽

Aortic Repair ◽

The Right ◽

Artery Perfusion

Abstract Background Lower limb malperfusion accompanied with acute type A dissection (AAD) is reported to be an independent predictor for mortality. Timely treatment is required. However, staged approach to restore the perfusion of the ischemic leg before aortic repair has a continuously increase risk of aortic rupture. Aortic repair under isolated axillary artery perfusion also has the risk of prolonging leg ischemia. Here we introduce our experience in performing axillo-femoral perfusion, which is supposed to bring benefits for treating lower limb malperfuison. Methods Thirty patients who suffered AAD accompanied by lower limb ischemia enrolled in our study. All patients received aortic repair as soon as possible using the modified axillo-femoral perfusion approach. The cardiopulmonary bypass and cooling started with the right axillary artery perfusion. Then the femoral artery of the ischemic side was exposed and sewn to a graft connected with another inflow cannula. The rectal temperature was about 31 °C when the femoral perfusion started. The perfusion of the ischemic legs preoperative was estimated after the surgery by the clinical signs, the saturation of the distal-limb, and computed tomography scan. Results Twenty-eight patients got good perfusion of the lower body after the surgery. Two patients received femoral-femoral artery bypass immediately after surgery because of the thrombosis in the right common iliac artery, without further injury. No peripheral vessels damage occurred, and no compartment fasciotomy or amputation needed. One patient died for the sepsis and the subsequent multi organ failure 28 days postoperative. Conclusions The modified axllio-femoral perfusion could restore the lower limbs’ perfusion simultaneously during the aortic surgery without neither delaying dissection repair nor prolonging the ischemic time. It is a simple, but safe and effective technique.

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A successful retrieval of stripped outer coating of J-tip diagnostic guidewire from the left popliteal artery during elective coronary angiography

Vojnosanitetski pregled ◽

10.2298/vsp1410969d ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 71 (10) ◽

pp. 969-971 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Miodrag Damjanovic ◽

Sonja Salinger-Martinovic ◽

Danijela Djordjevic-Radojkovic ◽

Goran Koracevic ◽

Vladimir Miloradovic

Keyword(s):

Coronary Angiography ◽

Femoral Artery ◽

Popliteal Artery ◽

Circulatory System ◽

Common Femoral Artery ◽

Blood Stream ◽

Left Femoral Artery ◽

The Right ◽

Diagnostic Catheter ◽

Outer Coating

Introduction. Entrapment and fracture of diagnostic or therapeutic devices within the coronary circulatory system are a rare, but increasing problem. Case report. A 70-yearold man was admitted in our clinic for coronary angiography before the planned aortic valve replacement. An arterial sheath was inserted in the right common femoral artery. After introducing a J-tip diagnostic coronary guidewire into the aorta and advancing a left Judkins diagnostic catheter over it, suddenly occured peeling off of the wire?s hydrophilic coating at the aortic arch level. Very soon, this outer coating of guidewire carried by the blood stream was entered into the left femoral artery, then into the left popliteal artery. This stripped part of guidewire was successfully caught and extracted out by using a goose-neck snare catheter. Conclusion. A sudden stripping of outer coating of a J-tip diagnostic hydrophilic coronary guidewire during coronary angiography is possible to manage quickly and successfully by the use of a simple cathether.

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Lower extremities Duplex-Doppler ultrasonography for the detection of suspected deep venous thrombosis: A preliminary report from Sokoto

Asian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3126/ajms.v7i6.14489 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (6) ◽

pp. 53-57 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shehu B Kakale ◽

Sadisu M Maaji ◽

Shamsudden A Aliyu

Keyword(s):

Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽

Doppler Ultrasound ◽

Lower Limb ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Medical Sciences ◽

Vein Thrombosis ◽

Duplex Doppler ◽

The Right ◽

Deep Vein

Background: There is a paucity of reports on the deep vein thrombosis in our environment.Aims and Objective: The aim of this study is to document the role of Doppler ultrasound in detecting deep vein thrombosis in our environment.Methods and Materials: Between Januarys to December 2014 forty six in patients with suspicion of DVT were evaluated prospectively. All patients presented with symptoms of single or bilateral disease, and a high probability of the disease. Two trained radiologists performed all duplex scan examinations. The patients were scanned using Mindray DC-3/DC-3T Diagnostic ultrasound scanner (Mindray Bio- Medical Electronics Co., LTD) linear (7-12MHz) transducers was used.Results: A total of 46 patients had duplex-Doppler scan examination carried out between January-December 2014. There were 30(65.2%) males and 16(38.8%) females subjects recruited for the study. The mean age was 48.9±SD17.3 with range of 18-85 years. A total of 21 patients (45.6%) were found to have deep vein thrombosis (DVTs) on duplex-Doppler examination. Proximal DVTs was seen in 6(12.9%) and 14(30.3%) for right and left lower limbs respectively. Distal DVTs was seen in 1(2.2%) in the right lower limb and 25(54.4%) show normal findings bilaterally. Diffused DVTs was seen in 2(4.3%) patients involving external, through popliteal veins on the right lower limb. In 3(6.5%) of the patients only the common femoral, superficial femoral and popliteal shows diffuse DVTs.Conclusion: With availability of Doppler ultrasound in our environment the diagnosis of DVT is now easier. Duplex scanning techniques are faster, safer, and less expensive. Because of its noninvasive nature, venous duplex is repeatable, allowing for continued follow up after the diagnosis. Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(6) 2016 53-57

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Ballistic Arterial Trauma to the Lower Extremity: Recent South African Experience

The American Surgeon ◽

10.1177/000313480707301112 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 73 (11) ◽

pp. 1136-1139 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Elias Degiannis ◽

Douglas M. Bowley ◽

Frank Bode ◽

William R. Lynn ◽

Miriam Glapa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lower Extremity ◽

South African ◽

Femoral Artery ◽

Popliteal Artery ◽

Lower Limb ◽

Common Femoral Artery ◽

African Experience ◽

Arterial Trauma ◽

Significant Disability ◽

The Common

The aim of this study was to determine the current outcome of gunshots to the arteries of the lower extremity. The authors conducted a retrospective analysis of 104 patients with gunshots to the femoral (n = 71) and popliteal (n = 33) artery. One hundred four patients presented over the 60-month period. Ninety-six (92%) were male and eight of 104 female. Ninety-nine were gunshot injuries, five from shotguns. Nine patients had injury to the common femoral artery, 62 patients had injury to the superficial femoral artery, and 33 had popliteal artery injury. One patient died in the emergency room and another died in the postoperative period, giving an overall in-hospital mortality of two of 104 (1.9%). Forty-three of 70 femoral reconstructions had completion angiograms compared with 20 of 32 popliteal artery reconstructions ( P = 1). Nineteen of 63 (30%) of the completion angiograms prompted revision of the reconstruction. Of the 63 patients who had completion angiograms, two of 63 (3%) required amputation. Seven of 39 (18%) patients who did not have completion angiograms required amputation ( P = 0.025). Including the primary amputation, there were 10 amputations in the 103 patients (9.7%) who survived to undergo operation. Ballistic arterial trauma of the lower limb leads to significant disability. Completion arteriography leads to revision of the reconstruction in nearly one-third of instances and significantly reduces amputation rate.

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Angio-Seal™ Embolization: A Rare Etiology of an Acute Distal Limb Ischemia

Case Reports in Vascular Medicine ◽

10.1155/2017/9613863 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-3 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Glenmore Lasam ◽

Joshua Brad Oaks ◽

Jeffrey Brensilver

Keyword(s):

Compartment Syndrome ◽

Femoral Artery ◽

Popliteal Artery ◽

Lower Limb ◽

Limb Ischemia ◽

Vascular Complication ◽

Closure Device ◽

Lower Limb Ischemia ◽

Diagnostic Cardiac Catheterization ◽

The Right

We herein report a serious vascular complication of diagnostic cardiac catheterization due to an embolization of an Angio-Seal closure device causing acute lower limb ischemia. The Angio-Seal was deployed via the right femoral artery following the catheterization which embolized several hours later to the right popliteal artery. Fogarty embolectomy restored perfusion to the right lower limb; however, compartment syndrome subsequently developed which required evacuation of a hematoma and repair of right popliteal artery.

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RARE VERSION OF TOPOGRAPHY OF DEEP FEMORAL ARTERY

Nauka molodykh (Eruditio Juvenium) ◽

10.23888/hmj202084591-598 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 591-598

Author(s):

R.E. Kalinin ◽

◽

I.A. Suchkov ◽

E.A. Klimentova ◽

I.N. Shanaev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Femoral Artery ◽

Femoral Vein ◽

Coronary Vessels ◽

Common Femoral Artery ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Deep Femoral Artery ◽

Lower Trunk ◽

Endovascular Interventions ◽

The Common ◽

Angiographic Examination

The deep femoral artery is a large branch of the common femoral artery that is of much interest for vascular and endovascular surgeons due to the role it plays in collateral circulation between the vessels of the small pelvis and arteries of the popliteal-tibial segment. In most cases, the deep femoral artery branches off from the posterolateral or posterior surface of the common femoral artery. At the same time, anomalies of development of the deep femoral vessels may become the cause for iatrogenic damages in implementation of the open or endovascular interventions. In the article, a clinical case of a patient referred for a planned ultrasound examination of vessels of the lower limbs before angiographic examination of the vessels of the heart and of the lower limbs, is described that revealed atypical topography of branching of the two trunks of the deep femoral artery from the common femoral artery. The upper trunk of the deep femoral artery branched off from the anteromedial surface of the common femoral artery and in the initial part was positioned above the common femoral vein. The lower trunk of the deep femoral artery sepa-rated from the anterolateral surface of the common femoral artery. Preoperative identification of the variant anatomy of the vessels of the femoral triangle permitted to perform angiographic examination of the coronary vessels through the femoral artery on the contralateral limb without complications.

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Early Detection of Post-Endarterectomy Complication by Point-of-Care Ultrasound

Reports ◽

10.3390/reports4030021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 21

Author(s):

Bo-Ku Chen ◽

Po-Wei Chiu ◽

Chih-Hao Lin

Keyword(s):

Femoral Artery ◽

Point Of Care ◽

Postoperative Bleeding ◽

External Iliac Artery ◽

Common Femoral Artery ◽

Atheromatous Plaque ◽

Point Of Care Ultrasound ◽

Related Complication ◽

Contrast Extravasation ◽

The Right

Endarterectomy is an effective intervention to remove the atheromatous plaque in the inner lining of the artery, aiming to revascularize the occluded/stenosed vessel in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD). The most common wound-related complication is postoperative bleeding, followed by infection, hematoma, and seroma. However, hematoma complications with air surrounded have rarely been reported in clinical cases. Case presentation: A 90-year-old female patient visited our emergency department because of a rapidly growing hematoma with pulsatile bleeding over her right groin area. She had received bilateral percutaneous transluminal angioplasty with endarterectomy for PAOD one month prior. A point-of-care ultrasound revealed a large hypoechoic mass, with a dirty shadow on the right groin area. Computed tomography angiography showed a hematoma over her right femoral region, with free air surrounding the right femoral artery. Angiography revealed an irregular shaped lesion on the right femoral artery without contrast extravasation. The patient was diagnosed with right-femoral post-endarterectomy infection with infected hematoma, with the inclusion of air. She underwent urgent excision and repair of the right femoral artery infectious lesion, debridement of the infectious hematoma and stenting of the right external iliac artery, common femoral artery and superficial femoral artery.

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Persistent sciatic artery: A case report

Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo ◽

10.2298/sarh0812654s ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 136 (11-12) ◽

pp. 654-657

Author(s):

Dragan Sagic ◽

Zelimir Antonic ◽

Stevo Duvnjak ◽

Miodrag Peric ◽

Branko Petrovic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Femoral Artery ◽

Common Femoral Artery ◽

Proximal Part ◽

Persistent Sciatic Artery ◽

Usual Manner ◽

Therapeutic Decisions ◽

Inferior Extremity ◽

Internal Iliac ◽

Embryologic Development ◽

The Right

INTRODUCTION The sciatic artery represents the earliest embryological blood supply to the lower extremity. It regresses after the 3rd month of embryologic development. The proximal part of the sciatic artery eventually persists as the inferior gluteal artery. Rarely, however, it persists into adulthood when it is frequently associated with numerous possible complications (aneurysm formation, embolism, nerve compression, rupture, thrombosis). CASE OUTLINE In March 1996, a 48-year-old male was admitted for angiography of the blood vessels of the right inferior extremity, before an elective orthopaedic procedure. Arteriography of the right leg was done in a usual manner through the right common femoral artery in order to get an angiogram of the popliteal trifurcation and crural arteries. However, on the first field we noticed a hypoplastic superficial femoral artery, as well as a huge persistent sciatic artery (PSA) originating from the internal iliac artery running distally and overlapping the deep femoral artery. There were no aneurysm and stenotic changes of PSA. CONCLUSION If clinical condition is stable, follow-ups at 12 months intervals should be done by means of ultrasound. The therapeutic decisions also depend on complete or incomplete PSA.

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