scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of the Ralstonia solanacearum Species Complex in the Southwest Indian Ocean Islands

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noura Yahiaoui ◽  
Jean-Jacques Chéron ◽  
Santatra Ravelomanantsoa ◽  
Azali A. Hamza ◽  
Bobb Petrousse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Southwest Indian Ocean ◽  
Ocean Islands

scholarly journals Southwest Indian Ocean Islands: identity, development and cooperation

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Bouchard ◽  
Shafick Osman ◽  
Christiane Rafidinarivo
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Identity Development ◽  
Southwest Indian Ocean ◽  
Ocean Islands

scholarly journals A revision of male ants of the Malagasy region (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): Key to genera of the subfamily Dolichoderinae

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2794 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
MASASHI YOSHIMURA ◽  
BRIAN L. FISHER
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Male Genitalia ◽  
Southwest Indian Ocean ◽  
Diagnostic Characters ◽  
Character Matrix ◽  
Ocean Islands

Keys to the males of the Dolichoderinae ant genera known from the Southwest Indian Ocean islands (Comoros, Madagascar, Mauritius, Mayotte, Reunion, and Seychelles) are provided. Diagnoses, discussion, illustrations, and a character matrix are provided for all five extant genera from the region: Aptinoma, Ochetellus, Ravavy, Tapinoma, and Technomyrmex. A male-based synopsis of the subfamily Dolichoderinae based on the five genera is also given. The previous diagnostic characters for the included genera are reconsidered. Terminologies for male genitalia and wing cells are reviewed.

scholarly journals Phylogenomic Analysis Reveals an Asian Origin for African Burkholderia pseudomallei and Further Supports Melioidosis Endemicity in Africa

mSphere ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek S. Sarovich ◽  
Benoit Garin ◽  
Birgit De Smet ◽  
Mirjam Kaestli ◽  
Mark Mayo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
South American ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Evolutionary Origins ◽  
Subsequent Introduction ◽  
Ocean Islands

ABSTRACT Sporadic melioidosis cases have been reported in the African mainland and Indian Ocean islands, but until recently, these regions were not considered areas where B. pseudomallei is endemic. Given the high mortality rate of melioidosis, it is crucial that this disease be recognized and suspected in all regions of endemicity. Previous work has shown that B. pseudomallei originated in Australia, with subsequent introduction into Asia; however, the precise origin of B. pseudomallei in other tropical regions remains poorly understood. Using whole-genome sequencing, we characterized B. pseudomallei isolates from Madagascar and Burkina Faso. Next, we compared these strains to a global collection of B. pseudomallei isolates to identify their evolutionary origins. We found that African B. pseudomallei strains likely originated from Asia and were closely related to South American strains, reflecting a relatively recent shared evolutionary history. We also identified substantial genetic diversity among African strains, suggesting long-term B. pseudomallei endemicity in this region. Burkholderia pseudomallei, an environmental bacterium that causes the deadly disease melioidosis, is endemic in northern Australia and Southeast Asia. An increasing number of melioidosis cases are being reported in other tropical regions, including Africa and the Indian Ocean islands. B. pseudomallei first emerged in Australia, with subsequent rare dissemination event(s) to Southeast Asia; however, its dispersal to other regions is not yet well understood. We used large-scale comparative genomics to investigate the origins of three B. pseudomallei isolates from Madagascar and two from Burkina Faso. Phylogenomic reconstruction demonstrates that these African B. pseudomallei isolates group into a single novel clade that resides within the more ancestral Asian clade. Intriguingly, South American strains reside within the African clade, suggesting more recent dissemination from West Africa to the Americas. Anthropogenic factors likely assisted in B. pseudomallei dissemination to Africa, possibly during migration of the Austronesian peoples from Indonesian Borneo to Madagascar ~2,000 years ago, with subsequent genetic diversity driven by mutation and recombination. Our study provides new insights into global patterns of B. pseudomallei dissemination and adds to the growing body of evidence of melioidosis endemicity in Africa. Our findings have important implications for melioidosis diagnosis and management in Africa. IMPORTANCE Sporadic melioidosis cases have been reported in the African mainland and Indian Ocean islands, but until recently, these regions were not considered areas where B. pseudomallei is endemic. Given the high mortality rate of melioidosis, it is crucial that this disease be recognized and suspected in all regions of endemicity. Previous work has shown that B. pseudomallei originated in Australia, with subsequent introduction into Asia; however, the precise origin of B. pseudomallei in other tropical regions remains poorly understood. Using whole-genome sequencing, we characterized B. pseudomallei isolates from Madagascar and Burkina Faso. Next, we compared these strains to a global collection of B. pseudomallei isolates to identify their evolutionary origins. We found that African B. pseudomallei strains likely originated from Asia and were closely related to South American strains, reflecting a relatively recent shared evolutionary history. We also identified substantial genetic diversity among African strains, suggesting long-term B. pseudomallei endemicity in this region.

scholarly journals High genomic diversity of novel phages infecting the plant pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum, isolated in Mauritius and Reunion islands

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angélina Trotereau ◽  
Claudine Boyer ◽  
Isabelle Bornard ◽  
Max Jean Bernard Pécheur ◽  
Catherine Schouler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Genomic Diversity ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Southwest Indian Ocean ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Bacterial Diseases

AbstractBacterial wilt caused by the Ralstonia solanacearum species complex (RSSC) is among the most important plant diseases worldwide, severely affecting a high number of crops and ornamental plants in tropical regions. Only a limited number of phages infecting R. solanacearum have been isolated over the years, despite the importance of this bacterium and the associated plant disease. The antibacterial effect or morphological traits of these R. solanacearum viruses have been well studied, but not their genomic features, which need deeper consideration. This study reports the full genome of 23 new phages infecting RSSC isolated from agricultural samples collected in Mauritius and Reunion islands, particularly affected by this plant bacterial pathogen and considered biodiversity hotspots in the Southwest Indian Ocean. The complete genomic information and phylogenetic classification is provided, revealing high genetic diversity between them and weak similarities with previous related phages. The results support our proposal of 13 new species and seven new genera of R. solanacearum phages. Our findings highlight the wide prevalence of phages of RSSC in infected agricultural settings and the underlying genetic diversity. Discoveries of this kind lead more insight into the diversity of phages in general and to optimizing their use as biocontrol agents of bacterial diseases of plants in agriculture.

scholarly journals Fatty Acid Profiling of Tropical Microalgae and Cyanobacteria Strains Isolated From Southwest Indian Ocean Islands

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabienne FAY ◽  
Zea Obando Claudia ◽  
Linossier Isabelle ◽  
Dufossé Laurent ◽  
Zubia Mayalen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Southwest Indian Ocean ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiling ◽  
Ocean Islands

Partial support for the classical ring species hypothesis in the Chaerephon pumilus species complex (Chiroptera: Molossidae) from southeastern Africa and western Indian Ocean islands

Mammalia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 80 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Theshnie Naidoo ◽  
Steven M. Goodman ◽  
M. Corrie Schoeman ◽  
Peter J. Taylor ◽  
Jennifer M. Lamb
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Western Indian Ocean ◽  
Partial Support ◽  
Ring Species ◽  
Classical Ring ◽  
Ocean Islands

AbstractWe examined phylogenetic and phylogeographic relationships (cyt

scholarly journals Genetic diversity and differentiation among insular honey bee populations in the southwest Indian Ocean likely reflect old geographical isolation and modern introductions

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. e0189234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maéva Angélique Techer ◽  
Johanna Clémencet ◽  
Christophe Simiand ◽  
Patrick Turpin ◽  
Lionel Garnery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Geographical Isolation ◽  
Southwest Indian Ocean
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