scholarly journals Editorial: Hormonal Regulation of Non-climacteric Fruit Development and Maturation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Galli ◽  
María Teresa Sanchez-Ballesta ◽  
Ashraf El-kereamy ◽  
Ricardo Antonio Ayub ◽  
Wensuo Jia
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Development ◽  
Hormonal Regulation ◽  
Climacteric Fruit

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Hormonal Regulation and Cross-Talk during Non-Climacteric Fruit Development and Ripening

Horticulturae ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lida Fuentes ◽  
Carlos R. Figueroa ◽  
Monika Valdenegro
Keyword(s):  
Cross Talk ◽  
Fruit Development ◽  
Hormonal Regulation ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Ripening Process ◽  
Climacteric Fruit ◽  
Fruit Species ◽  
Fruit Development And Ripening ◽  
Hormonal Mechanism ◽  
Research Findings

Fleshy fruits are characterized by having a developmentally and genetically controlled, highly intricate ripening process, leading to dramatic modifications in fruit size, texture, color, flavor, and aroma. Climacteric fruits such as tomato, pear, banana, and melon show a ripening-associated increase in respiration and ethylene production and these processes are well-documented. In contrast, the hormonal mechanism of fruit development and ripening in non-climacteric fruit, such as strawberry, grape, raspberry, and citrus, is not well characterized. However, recent studies have shown that non-climacteric fruit development and ripening, involves the coordinated action of different hormones, such as abscisic acid (ABA), auxin, gibberellins, ethylene, and others. In this review, we discuss and evaluate the recent research findings concerning the hormonal regulation of non-climacteric fruit development and ripening and their cross-talk by taking grape, strawberry, and raspberry as reference fruit species.

scholarly journals Hormonal Regulation of Early Fruit Development in European Pear (Pyrus communis cv. ‘Conference’)

Horticulturae ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muriel Quinet ◽  
Christel Buyens ◽  
Petre I. Dobrev ◽  
Václav Motyka ◽  
Anne-Laure Jacquemart
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Development ◽  
Hormonal Regulation ◽  
European Pear ◽  
Exogenous Gibberellin ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Seedless Fruits ◽  
Gibberellin Level ◽  
Flower Stage ◽  
Gibberellin Content ◽  
Upregulated Genes

European pear requires inter-cultivar cross-pollination by insects to develop fertilized fruits. However, some European pear cultivars such as ‘Conference’ naturally produce parthenocarpic seedless fruits. To better understand the hormonal regulation of fruit set and early fruit development in this European pear cultivar, the phytohormone and polyamine profiles in ‘Conference’ flowers and fruits resulting from both fertilization and parthenocarpic processes were analyzed. The expression of genes involved in phytohormone metabolism and signaling were also investigated. Phytohormone profiles differed more at flower stage 3 days after treatment than in 15 day- and 30-day-old fruits in response to fertilization and parthenocarpy. An increase in auxins, abscisic acid, ethylene precursor, and spermine, and a decrease in putrescine were recorded in the fertilized flowers as compared to the parthenocarpic flowers. Fertilization also upregulated genes involved in gibberellin synthesis and down-regulated genes involved in gibberellin catabolism although the total gibberellin content was not modified. Moreover, exogenous gibberellin (GA3, GA4/7) and cytokinin (6BA) applications did not increase parthenocarpic induction in ‘Conference’ as observed in other European and Asian pear cultivars. We hypothesize that the intrinsic parthenocarpy of ‘Conference’ could be related to a high gibberellin level in the flowers explaining why exogenous gibberellin application did not increase parthenocarpy as observed in other pear cultivars and species.

Hormonal regulation of ripening in the strawberry, a non-climacteric fruit

Planta ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 174 (3) ◽  
pp. 402-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. K. Given ◽  
M. A. Venis ◽  
D. Gierson
Keyword(s):  
Hormonal Regulation ◽  
Climacteric Fruit

Hormonal regulation of fruit development in apple: ‘A mini-review’

1985 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. Treharne ◽  
J. D. Quinlan ◽  
J. N. Knight ◽  
D. A. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Development ◽  
Hormonal Regulation

scholarly journals Ethylene and Auxin: Hormonal Regulation of Volatile Compound Production During Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Fruit Ripening

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric de Castro Tobaruela ◽  
Bruna Lima Gomes ◽  
Vanessa Caroline de Barros Bonato ◽  
Elis Silva de Lima ◽  
Luciano Freschi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Hormonal Regulation ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Maturation Stage ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Climacteric Fruit ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Green Stage

As the auxin-ethylene interaction in climacteric fruit ripening has been highlighted, the hormonal regulation of aroma changes in climacteric fruits requires clarification. The influence of both phytohormones on the volatile organic compound (VOC) metabolism was evaluated during tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) fruit ripening. Tomato fruits cv. Micro-Tom and Sweet Grape at the mature green stage were randomly grouped according to treatment with ethylene (ETHY), auxin (IAA), or both (ETHY + IAA). At middle ripening, Micro-Tom ETHY + IAA fruits present VOC profiles similar to those of ETHY fruits, while Sweet Grape presents VOC profiles closer to those of IAA fruits. At full ripeness, Micro-Tom and Sweet Grape ETHY + IAA fruits show profiles closer to those of IAA fruits, suggesting that the auxin overlaps the ethylene effects. Aroma compounds positively correlated with consumer preferences (2-isobutylthiazole, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, and others) are identified in both cultivars and have their contents affected by both hormone treatments. The transcription of genes related to the biosynthesis of important tomato VOCs that have fatty-acid and carotenoid precursors evidences their regulation by both plant hormones. Additionally, the results indicate that the observed effects on the VOC metabolism are not restricted to the Micro-Tom cultivar, as these are also observed in the Sweet Grape cultivar. In conclusion, ethylene and auxin directly regulate the metabolic pathways related to VOC formation, impacting tomato aroma formation during ripening since Micro-Tom fruits apparently at the same maturation stage have different aromas.

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