scholarly journals Age of Acquisition Effects on Word Processing for Chinese Native Learners’ English: ERP Evidence for the Arbitrary Mapping Hypothesis

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Xue ◽  
Tongtong Liu ◽  
Fernando Marmolejo-Ramos ◽  
Xuna Pei
Keyword(s):  
Word Processing ◽  
Age Of Acquisition ◽  
Arbitrary Mapping ◽  
Mapping Hypothesis

Age of acquisition effects in reading Chinese: Evidence in favour of the arbitrary mapping hypothesis

2007 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bao Guo Chen ◽  
Hui Xia Zhou ◽  
Susan Dunlap ◽  
Charles A. Perfetti
Keyword(s):  
Age Of Acquisition ◽  
Arbitrary Mapping ◽  
Mapping Hypothesis ◽  
Reading Chinese

scholarly journals The hunt for the Age of Acquisition effect: It’s in the links!

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Catling ◽  
Mahmoud Medhat Elsherif
Keyword(s):  
Low Frequency ◽  
Age Of Acquisition ◽  
Naming Task ◽  
Spoken Word ◽  
Word Naming ◽  
Verification Task ◽  
Arbitrary Mapping ◽  
The Third ◽  
Mapping Hypothesis ◽  
Naming Latencies

The Age of Acquisition (AoA) effect is such that words acquired early in life are processed more quickly than later-acquired words. One explanation for the AoA effects is the arbitrary mapping hypothesis (Ellis & Lambon-Ralph, 2000), stating that the AoA effects are more likely to occur in items that have an arbitrary, rather than a systematic, nature between input and output. Previous behavioural findings have shown that the AoA effects are larger in pictorial than word items. However, no behavioural studies have attempted to directly assess the AoA effects in relation to the connections between representations. In the first two experiments, 48 participants completed a word-picture verification task (Experiments 1A and 2A), together with a spoken (Experiment 1B) or written (Experiment 2B) picture naming task. In the third and fourth experiments, 48 participants complete a picture-word verification task (Experiments 3A and 4A), together with a spoken (Experiment 3B) or written (Experiment 4B) word naming task. For each pair of experiments the subtraction of the naming latencies from the verification tasks for each item per participant was calculated (Experiments 1-4C; e.g. Santiago, Mackay, Palma & Rho, 2000). Results showed that early-acquired items were responded to more quickly than late-acquired ones for all experiments, except for Experiment 3B (spoken word naming) where the AoA effect was shown for only low-frequency words. In addition, the subtraction results for pictorial stimuli demonstrated strong AoA effects. This strengthens the case for the AM hypothesis, also suggesting the AoA effect resides in the connections between representations.

scholarly journals Effects of age of acquisition and semantic transparency on reading characters in Chinese dyslexia

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 711-733
Author(s):  
SAM-PO LAW ◽  
OLIVIA YEUNG
Keyword(s):  
Reading Aloud ◽  
Age Of Acquisition ◽  
Semantic Transparency ◽  
Arbitrary Mapping ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
Mapping Hypothesis ◽  
Semantic Errors ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Phonological Consistency

ABSTRACTThis study examined the effects of the age of acquisition (AOA) and semantic transparency on the reading aloud ability of a Chinese dyslexic individual, TWT, who relied on the semantic pathway to name characters. Both AOA and semantic transparency significantly predicted naming accuracy and distinguished the occurrence of correct responses and semantic errors from other errors. A post hoc analysis of subsets of items orthogonally varied in the AOA and semantic transparency revealed an interaction between the two variables. These findings converge on reports of AOA and semantic effects on deep dyslexic individuals reading alphabetic scripts. The case of TWT, together with recent results of another Chinese dyslexic individual who reads via the nonsemantic route and exhibits the effects of AOA and phonological consistency, supports the arbitrary mapping hypothesis, which states that the AOA effect resides in the connection between two levels of representation.

scholarly journals Two words as one: A multi-naming investigation of the age-of-acquisition effect in compound word processing

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Medhat Elsherif ◽  
Jon Catling ◽  
Steven Frisson
Keyword(s):  
Language Processing ◽  
Word Processing ◽  
Naming Latency ◽  
Age Of Acquisition ◽  
Naming Task ◽  
Compound Word ◽  
Compound Words ◽  
Semantic Level ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Complex Words

Previous research has shown that early-acquired words are produced faster than late-acquired words (see Juhasz, 2005). Juhasz and colleagues (Juhasz, Lai & Woodcock, 2015; Juhasz, 2018) argue that the Age-of-Acquisition (AoA) loci for complex words, specifically compound words, are found at the lexical/semantic level. In the current study, two experiments were conducted to evaluate this claim and investigate the influence of AoA in reading compound words aloud. In Experiment 1, 48 participants completed a word naming task. Using general linear mixed modelling, we found that the age at which the compound word was learned significantly affected the naming latencies beyond the other psycholinguistic properties measured. The second experiment required 48 participants to name the compound word when the two morphemes were presented with a space in-between (combinatorial naming, e.g. air plane). We found that the age at which the compound word was learned, as well as the AoA of the individual morphemes that formed the compound word, significantly influenced combinatorial naming latency. These findings are discussed in relation to theories of the AoA in language processing.

Age of Acquisition Effects in Chinese Word Processing

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brendan S. Weekes ◽  
Youyi Liu ◽  
Shu Hua ◽  
Ping Li
Keyword(s):  
Word Processing ◽  
Age Of Acquisition ◽  
Chinese Word

AoA effects in reading aloud and lexical decision: Locating the (semantic) locus in terms of the number of backward semantic associations

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (11) ◽  
pp. 2036-2044
Author(s):  
Michael J Cortese ◽  
Sean Toppi ◽  
Maya M Khanna ◽  
Jonathan B Santo
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Word Processing ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Reading Aloud ◽  
Free Association ◽  
Age Of Acquisition ◽  
Semantic Associations ◽  
Network Plasticity ◽  
Analyse Data ◽  
Subject Ratings

In the present study, we analyse data from the English Lexicon Project to assess the extent to which age of acquisition (AoA) effects on word processing stem from the number of semantic associations tied to a word. We show that the backward number of associates (bNoA; that is, the log transformed number of words that produce the target word in free association) is an important predictor of both lexical decision and reading aloud performance, and reduces the typical AoA effect as represented by subject ratings in both tasks. Although the AoA effect is reduced, it remains a significant predictor of performance above and beyond bNoA. We conclude that the semantic locus of AoA effects can be found in the number of backward connections to the word, and that the independent AoA effect is due to network plasticity. We discuss how computational models currently explain AoA effects, and how bNoA may affect their processing.

scholarly journals Two words as one: A multi-naming investigation of the age-of-acquisition effect in compound-word processing

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 511-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Medhat Elsherif ◽  
Jon C. Catling ◽  
Steven Frisson
Keyword(s):  
Language Processing ◽  
Word Processing ◽  
Naming Latency ◽  
Age Of Acquisition ◽  
Naming Task ◽  
Compound Word ◽  
Compound Words ◽  
Semantic Level ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Complex Words

AbstractPrevious research has shown that early-acquired words are produced faster than late-acquired words. Juhasz and colleagues (Juhasz, Lai & Woodcock, Behavior Research Methods, 47 (4), 1004-1019, 2015; Juhasz, The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 1-10, 2018) argue that the Age-of-Acquisition (AoA) loci for complex words, specifically compound words, are found at the lexical/semantic level. In the current study, two experiments were conducted to evaluate this claim and investigate the influence of AoA in reading compound words aloud. In Experiment 1, 48 participants completed a word naming task. Using general linear mixed modelling, we found that the age at which the compound word was learned significantly affected the naming latencies beyond the other psycholinguistic properties measured. The second experiment required 48 participants to name the compound word when the two morphemes were presented with a space in-between (combinatorial naming, e.g. air plane). We found that the age at which the compound word was learned, as well as the AoA of the individual morphemes that formed the compound word, significantly influenced combinatorial naming latency. These findings are discussed in relation to theories of the AoA in language processing.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document