scholarly journals Good or Bad? The Ambivalent Leader-Follower Relationships

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinglin Zhao ◽  
Wenxia Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Third Party ◽  
Conservation Of Resources ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Integrative Complexity ◽  
Negative Outcomes ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
The Third ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Third Party ◽  
Ambivalent Relationship

Researchers have emphasized the positive and negative influences of ambivalent leader-follower relationships, but it is not clear when the ambivalent relationship is associated with good or bad influences. To answer this question, we reviewed the definition and identified 10 different types of ambivalent leader-follower relationships. Further, we demonstrate that the negative outcomes (more inflexibility, disengagement, and worse performance) can be explained by the workplace stressor perspective, and that the positive outcomes (more flexibility, engagement, and better performance) can be explained by paradox view. Finally, drawing from conservation of resources (COR) theory, we integrate workplace stressor framework and the paradox view to address when the ambivalent leader-follower relationship is beneficial or detrimental for followers. We proposed that the degree of ambivalence, support from the third party, and integrative complexity of follower will influence the possible positive or negative influences. Limitations and future directions were also discussed.

scholarly journals Problems Examination in Quality Management System

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 108-112
Author(s):  
Mariusz J. Ligarski
Keyword(s):  
Quality Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Quality Management System ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Iso 9001 ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
The Third ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Third Party

Abstract In the work, there was a method of problems examination presented in the certified quality management system according to the ISO 9001 standard. The own method of problems examination was suggested on the basis of reports from audits of the third party. There are method assumptions as well as practical application presented for the examination of nonconformities and weaknesses on a sample of 892 organizations certified by a chosen certifying body. Different types of compilations of obtained results are showed. Different possibilities of their application for the examination of relations of identified problems were indicated, depending on the size and profile of examined organizations. Different types of statistical tests were used in the method together with their possibilities. Concrete examples of uses of the method and statistical tests were provided for examining the relations between the size as well as profile of the organization and the number as well as type of nonconformities and weaknesses. It was attempted to determine what possibilities the method provides and to give the examples of its practical use. Additionally, an attention was paid to potential difficulties when applying the method.

scholarly journals Blockchain-Based Trust Auction for Dynamic Virtual Machine Provisioning and Allocation in Clouds

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Hao Xu ◽  
Weifeng Liu ◽  
Xu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Information Leakage ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Prototype System ◽  
The Third ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Smart Contract ◽  
Virtualization Technology ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Virtual Machine Provisioning ◽  
The Third Party

Cloud computing uses virtualization technology to provide users with different types of resources in the form of services. The third party plays a crucial role in coordinating cloud market between cloud providers and users. As for providing services or trading, the extra broker fees are required for the middleman because the third party facilitates transactions. Moreover, there is no guarantee that the third party is trusted, which can lead to information leakage, data tampering, and unfair trading. Blockchain technology is an emerging technology that can store and communicate data between entities that unnecessarily trust each other. To resolve the problems, this paper presents the blockchain-based trust and fair system and develops the smart contract of auction and transaction. The prototype system is implemented based on the Hyperledger Fabric. The experimental results prove the feasibility of the scheme.

scholarly journals Impact of Trade-In Remanufacturing Policy and Consumer Behavior on Remanufacturer Decisions

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 5980
Author(s):  
Zhen Wang ◽  
Yongrui Duan ◽  
Jiazhen Huo
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Choice ◽  
Consumer Surplus ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Competitive Strategies ◽  
The Third ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Third Party ◽  
Corporate Profits ◽  
Consumer Choice Behavior ◽  
The Impact

To develop more competitive strategies for different types of remanufacturing companies under the trade-in remanufacturing policy, this paper investigates the impact of the trade-in remanufacturing policy and consumer choice behavior on decisions of a traditional brand remanufacturer and a third-party brand remanufacturer by using a consumer utility model. The results suggest that the trade-in remanufacturing policy increases demand for the third-party brand, but does not increase demand for the traditional brand. Further, although trade-in remanufacturing policy increases both brand prices, it also increases consumer surplus and corporate profits. Neither the traditional brand remanufacturer nor the third-party brand remanufacturer can completely monopolize the remanufacturing market. In this situation, the traditional brand remanufacturer should strive to increase consumer loyalty, and the third-party brand remanufacturer should strive for consumer recognition of third-party remanufactured products.

Resolving tension from the third-party forgiveness effect

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaclyn M. Moloney ◽  
Chelsea A. Reid ◽  
Jody L. Davis ◽  
Jeni L. Burnette ◽  
Jeffrey D. Green
Keyword(s):  
Third Party ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Third Party

Relaxations of Contractual Privity and the Need for Third Party Rights in Chinese Contract Law

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Lei
Keyword(s):  
Direct Action ◽  
Contract Law ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Chinese Law ◽  
The Third ◽  
Right Of Action ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Third Party ◽  
The Right

This chapter examines the position of third party beneficiaries in Chinese law. Article 64 of the Chinese Contract Law states that where a contract for the benefit of a third party is breached, the debtor is liable to the creditor. The author regards this as leaving unanswered the question of whether the thirdparty has a right of direct action against the debtor. One view regards the third party as having the right to sue for the benefit although this right was ultimately excluded from the law. Another view, supported by the Supreme People’s Court, is that Article 64 does not provide a right of action for a third party and merely prescribes performance in ‘incidental’ third party contracts. The third view is that there is a third party right of action in cases of ‘genuine’ third party contracts but courts are unlikely to recognize a third party action where the contract merely purports to confer a benefit on the third party.

Contracts for the Benefit of Third Parties Under the Taiwan Civil Code

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng-Lin JAN
Keyword(s):  
Civil Code ◽  
Third Parties ◽  
Third Party ◽  
The Third ◽  
Legal Relationship ◽  
The Third Party ◽  
Privity Of Contract

This chapter discusses the position of third party beneficiaries in Taiwan law where the principle of privity of contract is well established. Article 269 of the Taiwan Civil Code confers a right on the third party to sue for performance as long as the parties have at least impliedly agreed. This should be distinguished from a ‘spurious contract’ for the benefit of third parties where there is no agreement to permit the third party to claim. Both the aggrieved party and the third party beneficiary can sue on the contract, but only for its own loss. The debtor can only set off on a counterclaim arising from its legal relationship with the third party. Where the third party coerces the debtor into the contract, the contract can be avoided, but where the third party induces the debtor to contract with the creditor by misrepresentation, the debtor can only avoid the contract if the creditor knows or ought to have known of the misrepresentation.

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