Development and Evidence of the Validity of the Condom Use Attitudes Scale for Youth and Adults in a Chilean Context

Condom use is the most effective preventive behavior against HIV transmission, and its inadequate use is a public health problem that occurs mostly among youth and young adults. Although there are scales that measure condom use, those that exist correspond to English-speaking developments or do not have psychometric evidence to support them, so it is possible that the available adaptations of instruments do not adequately reflect the phenomenon in the Chilean population. Thus, the study aims to develop a scale to assess attitudes toward condom use in Chilean youth and young adults. Initially, a sample of students between 18 and 39 years (n = 520) was used for debugging the instrument. Then, a second sample was taken from the general population aged 18 to 40 (n = 992) to confirm the factor structure of the proposed model. The final scale has 10 items and 3 attitudinal dimensions (affective, cognitive, and behavioral). The results show that the identified structure provides adequate levels (ω > 0.7) or at least sufficient of reliability (ω > 0.6) and presents evidence of validity, based on the internal structure of the test, through ESEM (CFI = 0.993; TLI = 0.984; RMSEA = 0.056). In addition, evidence of validity was obtained based on the relationship with other variables and strong invariance between the scores of men and women. It is concluded that the scale developed has adequate psychometric properties to assess, in brief form, condom use attitudes in equal samples for research and screening purposes.

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A Longitudinal Examination of the Relationship between Physical Aggression and Violent Victimization among Urban Minority Chicago Youth and Young Adults

The Open Family Studies Journal ◽

10.2174/1874922401104010068 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 68-73 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Wesley G. Jennings

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Physical Aggression ◽

Violent Victimization ◽

Urban Minority ◽

Youth And Young Adults ◽

The Relationship ◽

Longitudinal Examination

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Determinants of Drinking Trajectories Among Minority Youth and Young Adults

Youth & Society ◽

10.1177/0044118x10382033 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 43 (4) ◽

pp. 1199-1219 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Judith Bernstein ◽

Amy Graczyk ◽

Danielle Lawrence ◽

Edward Bernstein ◽

Lee Strunin

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Drinking Behavior ◽

Pediatric Emergency ◽

Drinking Motives ◽

Risk And Resilience ◽

Drinking To Cope ◽

Adolescent Drinking ◽

Youth And Young Adults ◽

Reasons For Drinking ◽

The Relationship

Adolescent drinking research has focused heavily on risks for alcohol-related consequences and on personality traits associated with adverse alcohol-related outcomes. A risk-based paradigm may inadvertently overemphasize risk when measures are applied to communities that experience discrimination and socioeconomic disadvantage. In this study we use qualitative methods to examine drinking motives and the relationship between motives and patterns of risk and resilience among a diverse group of 60 youth and young adults enrolled in an independent trial of brief intervention for alcohol use at an inner-city pediatric emergency department and report on their own understandings of their experiences, particularly their reasons for drinking. We found a clear distinction between drinking to “chill” and drinking to “cope” with very different projected life course trajectories despite similarities between groups in neighborhood and interpersonal stressors. Strategies to motivate “copers” to alter drinking behavior may need to be shored up with a network of support services.

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TRUST AND CONDOM USE AMONG YOUNG ADULTS IN RELATIONSHIPS IN DAR ES SALAAM, TANZANIA

Journal of Biosocial Science ◽

10.1017/s0021932013000680 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 46 (5) ◽

pp. 651-668 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

MEGAN KLEIN HATTORI

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Condom Use ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

Dar Es Salaam ◽

Negative Association ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Consistent Condom ◽

Consistent Condom Use ◽

Sub Saharan ◽

The Relationship

SummaryYoung adults in sub-Saharan Africa most often state ‘I trust my partner’ as the reason for not using condoms consistently. This study assesses the extent to which young adults in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, trust their partners, how trust influences condom use and whether certain relationship characteristics influence the relationship between trust and condom use. Data were taken from the 2003 Tanzania Trust Survey, and the level of trust reported by 509 male and female young adults aged 15–24 who were in relationships was examined. The analysis showed that reported trust in a partner has the expected negative relationship with consistent condom use. However, this negative association differs by relationship characteristics. To facilitate the interpretation of interactions between marriage and trust, the predicted probabilities of consistent condom use by level of trust were calculated for males and for females by marital status, showing that the negative association is strong among those who are not married, but that there is no association between trust and condom use among young married adults.

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Understanding the Relationship Between Female Sex Workers and Their Intimate Partners: Lessons and Initial Findings From Participatory Research in North Karnataka, South India

Health Education & Behavior ◽

10.1177/1090198118763934 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 45 (5) ◽

pp. 824-835 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Parinita Bhattacharjee ◽

Linda Campbell ◽

Raghavendra Thalinja ◽

Sapna Nair ◽

Mahesh Doddamane ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Condom Use ◽

Sex Workers ◽

Female Sex Workers ◽

Hiv Transmission ◽

Transmission Risk ◽

Intimate Partners ◽

Female Sex ◽

The Status ◽

And Gender ◽

The Relationship

While traditional HIV prevention programs with female sex workers (FSWs) in Karnataka, India, have focused on reducing HIV transmission between FSWs and clients through increased condom use, these programs have not fully addressed the transmission risk between FSWs and their nonpaying intimate partners (IPs). Condom use is infrequent and violence is recurrent in these relationships: Furthermore, there is little evidence on the precise nature of FSW–IP relationships. Our study addresses this knowledge gap to inform HIV programs targeted at FSWs. A series of workshops, using participatory tools, was held to explore FSW-IP relationships; 31 FSWs and 37 IPs participated. Three aspects of FSW–IP relationships were examined: how FSWs and IPs understand and interpret their relationships, factors influencing condom use, and the role of violence and its consequences. FSWs wish to be perceived as their IPs’ wives, while IPs expect their FSW partners to accept their dominance in the relationship. Nonuse of condoms signals fidelity and elevates the status of the relationship almost to that of marriage, which helps FSWs enter the category of “good” (married) women. Tolerating and accepting violence in these relationships is normative, as in other marital relationships; IPs justify violence as necessary to establish and maintain their power within the relationship. Both FSWs and IPs value their relationships despite the high degree of risk posed by low condom use and high levels of violence. Implications for program design include addressing current norms around masculinity and gender roles, and improving communication within relationships.

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The Relationship of Perceived Risk to Condom Use: Why Results are Inconsistent

Social Marketing Quarterly ◽

10.1080/15245004.2000.9961091 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 33-43 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Carol A. Baume

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Condom Use ◽

Social Marketing ◽

Perceived Risk ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Studies of the relationship between perceived risk and condom use among young adults show contradictory results. This article examines some reasons why the relationship appears to be inconsistent. One source of inconclusive results within and across studies appears to be the fact that perceived risk is both a “cause” and an “effect” of condom use. Measures of perceived risk rarely specify the context for responding and can therefore be interpreted in varying ways. Implications for both researchers and social marketing practitioners are discussed.

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Effects of branded health messages on e-cigarette attitudes, intentions, and behaviors: a longitudinal study among youth and young adults

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-11092-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jessica Rath ◽

Shreya Tulsiani ◽

W. Douglas Evans ◽

Shiyang Liu ◽

Donna Vallone ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Brand Equity ◽

Demographic Characteristics ◽

Intention To Use ◽

Cigarette Use ◽

Longitudinal Cohort ◽

Lower Odds ◽

Youth And Young Adults ◽

And Behaviors ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Background Launched in 2000, the truth campaign was one of the first health-related campaigns to embrace the building of a brand to further amplify its message, such as by building brand equity. Brand equity is an asset that represents the audience’s perception of the brand. Previous research supports that strong brand equity is associated with lower tobacco intentions and behaviors; however, brand equity and its change over time have not been studied as it relates to e-cigarettes. This study examines the effects of change in brand equity on e-cigarette attitudes, intentions, and behaviors among youth and young adults. Methods The sample (N = 6427) is from the Truth Longitudinal Cohort, a nationally representative, longitudinal cohort of youth and young adults, ages 15–24. Variables include brand equity tobacco scale, demographic characteristics, and e-cigarette use status. The outcomes included anti-e-cigarette attitudes, intentions to use e-cigarettes, and use of e-cigarettes. Multiple and logistic regression models determined the relationship between change in brand equity from respondents at Spring 2018 to Spring 2019 and respondent e-cigarette outcomes at Fall 2019. All models controlled for demographic characteristics and cigarette use. Results Mean brand equity scores in Spring 2018 were significantly associated with greater anti-e-cigarette attitudes (β = 0.17, 95% CI: 0.15, 0.19), lower odds of intention to use (OR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.66, 0.85), and lower odds of current use (OR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.72, 0.92). Change in brand equity from Spring 2018 to Spring 2019 was significantly associated with greater anti-e-cigarette attitudes (β = 0.09, 95% CI: 0.06, 0.11) and lower odds of intention to use (OR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.67, 0.93), but not associated with current use behaviors. Conclusions Strengthening brand equity is an effective strategy for influencing anti-e-cigarette related attitudes and intentions, much like it is for anti-smoking campaigns. More research needs to be done on the relationship between change in brand equity and e-cigarette behavior to better understand how brand equity can be wielded to influence change in e-cigarette use behavior.

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The relationship between asthma diagnosis and E-Cigarette use among youth and young adults: the mediation effects of anxiety, depression, and impulsivity and the moderation effects of substance use

Journal of Asthma ◽

10.1080/02770903.2021.1879849 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Abdullah M. M. Alanazi ◽

Mohammed M. Alqahtani ◽

Donald H. Lein ◽

Eric W. Ford

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Young Adults ◽

Cigarette Use ◽

Asthma Diagnosis ◽

Mediation Effects ◽

Moderation Effects ◽

Youth And Young Adults ◽

Anxiety Depression ◽

The Relationship

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The Role of Caregiver Major Depression in the Relationship Between Anxiety Disorders and Asthma Attacks in Island Puerto Rican Youth and Young Adults

The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease ◽

10.1097/nmd.0b013e3182174e84 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 199 (5) ◽

pp. 313-318 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Jonathan M. Feldman ◽

Edna Acosta Pérez ◽

Glorisa Canino ◽

Elizabeth L. McQuaid ◽

Renee D. Goodwin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Major Depression ◽

Anxiety Disorders ◽

Puerto Rican ◽

Youth And Young Adults ◽

The Relationship

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Condom use in greek young adults’ dating relationships: The role of sexual debut condom use and relationship characteristics

Psychology: the Journal of the Hellenic Psychological Society ◽

10.12681/psy_hps.23500 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 303

Author(s):

Πάνος Κορδούτης

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Condom Use ◽

Sexual Debut ◽

Consistent Condom ◽

Protective Behavior ◽

Dating Relationships ◽

Young Audiences ◽

Relationship Length ◽

First Intercourse ◽

The Relationship

We examined whether individual and relationship characteristics predicted condom use in Greek young adults’ ongoing relationships. Participants were 277 university students with ongoing dating relationships who provided their demographics and information on their sexual profiles, partners, and relationships. Participants rated their relationships in terms of matrimonial and hedonistic (passionate) characteristics, and indicated whether they had used a condomat first intercourse, at latest intercourse, and consistently during the relationship. Condoms were more likely to be used at first intercourse, at latest intercourse and during the relationship when they had been used at sexual debut (first-time-in-life sexual intercourse). However, they were less likely to be used at latest intercourse, the longer and the more hedonistic the relationship. In addition, increased frequency of coital sex during the relationship was associated with less consistent condom use. It appears that condom use at sexual debut establishes a resilient habit of condom use in future relationships. However, relationship duration, sexual passion, and frequency of coital sex appear to undermine condom use. Condom use promotion should address young audiences at an early age, emphasizing that relationship length, frequency of coital sex, and passion may work against protective behavior in a relationship.

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