scholarly journals Balance Training as an Adjunct to Methylphenidate: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study of Behavioral Improvement Among Children With ADHD in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Feng ◽  
Yuanchun Ren ◽  
Jia Cheng ◽  
Yufeng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Balance Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Core Symptoms ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Objective: This study aimed to compare the therapeutic effects of two different approaches to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): (1) methylphenidate (MPH) treatment combined with balance training, and (2) MPH monotherapy.Methods: The study was based on a randomized, single-blind trial involving 27 ADHD patients. An experimental group received the treatment combining MPH and balance training, while a control group were administered just MPH. After 40 sessions of training at the 6-month mark, patients' improvement as observed in their core symptoms and behavioral problems were compared between the experimental and control group.Results: A total of 27 patients underwent randomization, with 13 assigned to the experimental group and 14 to the control group. After the 6-month trial, the experimental group outperformed the control group in terms of teachers' scores for inattention on the ADHD-RS-IV (19.38 ± 2.96 vs. 23.21 ± 3.91, t = −2.854, P = 0.009). The experimental group also showed greater improvement on the items involving behavior (3.14 ± 1.46 vs. 5.24 ± 1.04, t = 1.463, P = 0.026) and hyperactivity (1.92 ± 1.19 vs. 3.86 ± 2.32, t = −2.697, P = 0.012).Conclusion: In children with ADHD, the experimental group displayed a significant improvement in the symptoms and behavior associated with inattention than did the group whose treatment consisted of only MPH.

scholarly journals Effects of Balance Training on Postural Control of Children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jalil Moradi ◽  
Shamsi Jalali ◽  
Maria Pia Bucci
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Balance Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Balance System ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Experimental Group

Background: Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have shown deficiencies in many physical activities in comparison with normally developing children. One of the problems of these children is the balance and postural control. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of balance training on postural control of children with ADHD. Methods: Thirty children with ADHD participated in this study and were divided randomly into experimental and control groups. The experimental group performed balance training three times per week for seven weeks. During this period, the control group did not experience any exercises but continued their normal activities. The Biodex balance system (BBS) was used to evaluate static and dynamic balance. Results: The balance training significantly increased static and dynamic balance in the experimental group (P < 0.001), while the balance scores of children with ADHD in the control group did not change. Participants in the experimental group also performed static and dynamic balance tests significantly better than members of the control group (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The results showed that specific balance training improves postural control of children with ADHD. These balance trainings probably lead to an adaptive mechanism in the sensory process and cerebellar integration of children with ADHD.

Role Wii Fit exer-games in improving balance confidence and quality of life in elderly population

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Kiran Khushnood ◽  
Shafaq Altaf ◽  
Nasir Sultan ◽  
Malik Muhammad Ali Awan ◽  
Riafat Mehmood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Balance Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Balance Confidence ◽  
Wii Fit ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Objective: To determine the effects of Wii Fit exer-gaming on balance confidence, quality of life and fall risk in elderly population Methods: A double blinded randomized control was conducted at Kulsum International Hospital, Islamabad from July 31st to October 30th, 2018. Following screening, 90 subjects fulfilled inclusion criteria and gave consent to be part of trial. Subjects were randomly allocated into experimental and control group by concealed envelope method. After baseline assessment, experimental group received Wii fit gaming while controls received balance training for 30 minutes twice a week for 8 weeks. Activities balance confidence (ABC), Euro 5Q5L, timed up and go (TUG) and Fukuda were used as outcome measures. Data was analysed by SPSS 21. Results: ABC improved in experimental group from 76.47±3.69 to 86.53±3.99, and in control group from 77.51±3.01 to 82.70±2.78 with significance < 0.001. The components of Euro 5Q5L; mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, anxiety/depression have changed with intergroup significance of 0.05, 0.006, 0.595, <0.001, 0.001 respectively. TUG and Fukuda improved in experimental and control group as 15.73±2.30 to 12.02±1.40 and 16.24±1.75 to 13.68±1.58 with significance <0.001, and from 41.78±6.to 71 to 30.09±8.05 and 43.36±5.59 to 38.68±5.75 with significance <0.001 respectively. Conclusion: Wii fit improves balance confidence and quality of life reducing fall risk in elderly. Clinical Trial Number: IRCT20180417039344N1 Keywords: Balance training, Elderly, Exer-gaming, Quality of life, Wii fit Continuous...

scholarly journals The Effect of 8-Week Balance Training on the Agility, Strength, Balance Performance and Tennis Skills of 10-14 Year-Old Tennis Players

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 170
Author(s):  
Esin Ergin ◽  
Engin Arslan
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Balance Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Balance Performance ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Tennis Players ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tennis Skills ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

The present study aimed to examine the effect of an 8-week balance training on the agility, strength, balance performance and tennis skills of tennis players aged 10-14. The study was participated by 19 tennis players (10 males and 9 females) playing in the EA Tennis Academy. The participants were selected randomly and divided into two groups as experimental group (9 players) and the control groups (10 players). Firstly, vertical jump, pro-agility, dynamic balance and ITN tennis skills tests were applied to all the participants. After all the test were completed, the experimental group were applied 8 weeks of balance and tennis training while the players in the control group continued tennis training only. The same tests were applied to the participants at the end of the 8 weeks. The findings of the study showed statistically significant improvement in the agility, balance index and tennis skills tests in the pre-test and post-tests of the experimental group (p = 0.034, p = 0.025, p = 0.003), whereas improvement was seen only in the tennis skills test of the control group (p = 0.000). In addition, no statistically significant difference was found in the vertical jump performance used to determine the explosive strength both in the experimental and control groups. As for the difference between groups, a significant difference was found only in the pro-agility post-tests of the experimental and control groups (p < 0.05). Based on these findings, it was revealed that balance training would improve agility and balance in 10-14 year-old children as well as contributing to their tennis skills. Therefore, it is considered that balance training should be included in training plans.

scholarly journals The Effect of Cognitive Rehabilitation, Physical and Concurrent Training on Sustained, Selective and Shifting Attention in Children with ADHD

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdiyeh Eslami Nosratabadi ◽  
◽  
Mandana Sangari ◽  
Masoud Mirmoezzi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Rehabilitation ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Concurrent Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
And Control ◽  
Withdrawal Response ◽  
Shifting Attention

Objectives: Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common nervous disorders in childhood. The purpose of this study was to investigate effect of cognitive rehabilitation, physical and concurrent training on sustained, selective and shifting attention in ADHD children. Materials and Methods: The study participants included 40 children aged 9-12 years old who were randomly divided into four groups of cognitive rehabilitation training, physical training, combined (physical-cognitive) training and control group. The attendees trained for 16 minutes and each session for 60 minutes. Posttest was performed 24 and 72 hours later. Results: The results of Covariance analysis showed that, the sustained, selective and transitional attention of the combined practice group (physical rehabilitation) have significantly lower error than another group. In the deletion response variable, the mean score of the withdrawal response in the children of the combined exercise group was significantly lower than that of the control group (p <0.05). Conclusion: Overall, the results of this study showed that cognitive rehabilitation and physical trainings can improve attention in children with overactive disorders. But the combination of physical trainings with rehabilitation trainings can improve the types of attention in children with ADHD.

scholarly journals Observation on the Therapeutic Effects of Wenjing Decoction on Menstrual Disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diancui Zhang ◽  
Junxia Cui ◽  
Shuwen Gai ◽  
Tongzhen Zhao ◽  
Liqiang Wu
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Menstrual Disorders ◽  
Treatment Methods ◽  
Number Of Cycles ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Objective?To treat patients with menstrual disorders with Wenjing Decoction and analyze its therapeutic effects. Methods?80 patients with menstrual disorders were selected as the research subjects, and they were divided into two groups (experimental group and control group), with each group given different treatment methods. The control group was given conventional Western medical treatment while the experimental group was given Wenjing Decoction treatment, and the effects of different treatment methods on the patients were compared. Results: The total number of effectively treated patients in the experimental group (39 cases, 97.50%) was more than the that of the control group (25 cases, 62.50%), and the quality of life score of the experimental group (91.56±4.44 points) was higher that of the control group (81.72±3.19 points), and the number of menstrual recovery cycles (1.11±0.41) was less than that of the control group patients (2.42±1.25 times), P<0.05. Conclusion: The application of Wenjing Decoction for patients with menstrual disorders can significantly improve the treatment efficacy and is beneficial to improve the quality of life of the patients and shorten the number of cycles that menstruation starts to return to normal.

scholarly journals Evaluation of weight, caloric intake, and behavior of rats after bilateral ablation of the nucleus accumbens shell

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-27
Author(s):  
Carolina Simão Martini ◽  
Willy Marcus França ◽  
Luciana Canabarro ◽  
Fábio Nakabashi ◽  
Paulo Henrique Pires de Aguiar
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Nucleus Accumbens ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Reward System ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nucleus Accumbens Shell ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Introduction: Deep brain stimulation and ablation of certain regions of the brain are being widely used in research aiming to link some region of the cortex with certain psychiatric disorders. The nucleus accumbens, for example, belonging to the basal ganglia, responsible for modulating the reward system and limbic-motor integration, according to studies, is related to the pathophysiology of alterations in neurotransmitters and neuronal connections in anorexia nervosa. Research in animals and humans reinforces this theory. Objective: To evaluate whether even in healthy rats, it is possible to observe changes in eating patterns and behavior that would justify such relationship. Materials and methods: A total of 24 female Wistar rats were randomly divided into experimental group (n=20) and control group (n=4). The rats in the experimental group underwent surgery with bilateral ablation of the nucleus accumbens shell using a stereotactic-guided radiofrequency needle. After surgery, the rats had their weights and caloric intake measured daily. Their behavior was empirically observed and then compared with that exhibited by the control group. Results: Regarding behavioral changes, it was observed an exaggerated increase in grooming, sniffing, searching/exploration, and avoidance/escape. Aggressiveness was present in only one animal of the experimental group. Regarding weight gain and caloric intake, a statistically significant relationship was found between them in relation to the time after the surgical intervention, when comparing the experimental and control groups. Discussion/Conclusion: In this study we investigated whether even in healthy rats, performing an inhibition – ablation of the Nucleus Accumbens – would cause an increase in caloric intake and consequently weight of the rats, and whether the procedure would cause changes in their behavior. From the results obtained we can infer that such assumption is true. Moreover, other research, both in humans and animals, support the data and the connection of the Nucleus Accumbens given by the reward system, to psychiatric disorders, in this case, anorexia nervosa. More investigations are necessary to further elucidate such interactions and consequences.

scholarly journals Objective Analysis of Movement in Subjects with ADHD. Multidisciplinary Control Tool for Students in the Classroom

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (15) ◽  
pp. 5620
Author(s):  
Mireia Sempere-Tortosa ◽  
Francisco Fernández-Carrasco ◽  
Francisco Mora-Lizán ◽  
Carlos Rizo-Maestre
Keyword(s):  
Objective Measures ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Group ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
Assessment Procedures ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Control Tool

The term Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) has a long history of problems behind it. The origin of all these problems lies in the lack of agreement in the assessment procedures and evaluation instruments. The diagnosis is clinical and is determined by the observation and information provided by parents and teachers. So, this is highly subjective and leads to disparate results. Therefore, on the one hand the inaccuracy of the diagnosis of ADHD, which has been based on subjective criteria, together with the fact that hyperactivity is one of the main symptoms of this disorder, implies that several studies (with limitations) have been carried out to record objective measures of movement in subjects in at least the last ten years. In order to solve some of this derived problems and limitations of previous studies, a computer program has been developed to objectively record the amount of movement of subjects. The main objective of this study is threefold: first to register the amount of movement of both experimental group and control group, then to compare them with the movement registered by observers and finally to determine the validity of the software developed as a tool to support the diagnosis of ADHD. Results show that there are significant differences in the amount of objective movement between a clinical group of subjects with ADHD and a control group, obtaining a higher average of movement the experimental group. In addition, results also demonstrate that the developed software is a valid tool for the evaluation of movement that solves the limitations of previous studies. The proposed tool is developed from different aspects to give it a multidisciplinary character.

scholarly journals Utilization of Art Therapy with Children with ADHD Co-Morbid Intellectual Disability for Decreasing Inattention

sjesr ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
Dr. Hina Ayaz Habib ◽  
Dr. Uzma Ali
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Art Therapy ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
And Control

The research aimed to examine the positive role art therapy could play in improving the attention span of children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder co-morbid Intellectual Disability in the context of Karachi (Pakistan). The key presumption was that art therapy can help in decreasing inattention among the children with ADHD co-morbid Intellectual Disability. Purposive sampling was used for the selection of cases from schools in Karachi (Pakistan) which are offering educational services to the children with special needs. The sample comprised 14 children, ages 6 to 12 years (mean age= 7.391; SD = 1.315) with ADHD co-morbid Mild ID. Experimental design was adopted for carrying out the investigation, entailing the division of the sample into the treatment group (which received 25 art therapy sessions as a form of intervention) and control group (which was provided with regular classroom activities). The allocation of children to both groups was carried out through the ABBA technique as well as the use of observation. The tools of the Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder test were used to gauge the differences in the level of inattention in both groups. Analysis of data was conducted through SPSS version 17.0, using descriptive statistics to examine the pattern of data as well as identify the level of effectiveness of art therapy through administering the Wilcoxon test. The findings of the study support the assumption that art therapy is useful for curtailing impulsiveness in children with ADHD. Therefore, it can be concluded that art therapy is likely to bring positive changes in the level of attention in children with ADHD co-morbid ID. The study carries implications for individuals practicing in the field of mental health care and special education.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Line application and telephone-based counseling to improve medication adherence: A randomized control trial study among uncontrolled type 2 diabetes patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 438-443
Author(s):  
Jukkrit Wungrath ◽  
Nattapong Autorn
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Background: More than 4.2 million cases of diabetes mellitus (DM) were reported in Thailand during 2019. Medication adherence is necessary to delay disease progression and prevent complications among uncontrolled type 2 DM patients. The objective of this research was to study how education via the Line application and telephone-based counseling impacted medication adherence knowledge by analyzing the behavior of uncontrolled type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: Uncontrolled type 2 DM patients in Doi Saket Hospital, Doi Saket district, Chiang Mai province, Thailand. were included in the study. The sample was divided into an experimental (n=30) and control group (n=30). Patients who met the inclusion criteria of having uncontrolled type 2 diabetes diagnosed by a physician for at least one year, capable of communicating in Thai, possessing a mobile phone with the Line application and able to partake in activities for eight weeks were recruited in the parallel-group randomized trial. The experimental group participated in the developed education program, while the control group received standard routine health education activities provided by their health care providers. The intervention was based on the 5Rs principle as right medicine, right dose, right route, right patient and right time and included activities via the Line application and telephone-based counseling. Participants were evaluated for their medication adherence knowledge and behavior. Results: After eight weeks of education through the Line application and telephone-based counseling, posttest mean scores of medication adherence knowledge of the experimental and control groups were 18.03 (SD=0.28) and 12.37 (SD=0.62), while posttest mean scores of medication adherence behavior of the experimental and control groups were 49.28 (SD=3.77) and 33.84 (SD=3.81), respectively. Results revealed that the experimental group had statistically significant (P<0.01) higher medication adherence knowledge and behavior mean scores. Conclusion: Education using the Line application and telephone-based counseling program improved medication adherence knowledge and behavior among uncontrolled type 2 DM patients. Other outcomes of social media interactions such as patient engagement, patient behavior and attitudes, and the efficacy of patient-health care provider communication levels are possible areas for future study.

Effects of neurofeedback on the dysregulation profile in children with ADHD: SCP NF meets SDQ-DP – a retrospective analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hartmut Heinrich ◽  
Holger Gevensleben ◽  
Andreas Becker ◽  
Aribert Rothenberger
Keyword(s):  
Self Regulation ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Intraindividual Comparison ◽  
Dysregulation Profile ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Core Symptoms

AbstractBackgroundAs children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) usually show psychopathological signs beyond their core symptoms (e.g. elevated scores of the dysregulation profile (DP) in 30–40%), treatments with a broader approach to self-regulation skills may be supportive. Neurofeedback (NF) may reflect such an option. Aim of the present analysis was to compare the effects of slow cortical potential (SCP) NF and θ/β NF on the DP using data from a previous trial.MethodsThirty children with ADHD (aged 8–12 years) and a DP score in the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ-DP) ⩾ 3 were included. NF treatment consisted of one block of SCP NF and one block of θ/β NF (18 units per block) allowing an intraindividual comparison. Effects of the NF protocols were also contrasted to a control group (n = 18) that completed an attention skills training (between-group analysis).ResultsRegarding the SDQ-DP, SCP NF was superior to θ/β NF and the control condition. Effects of SCP NF and θ/β NF on ADHD symptom severity were not significantly different. The SDQ-DP score did not correlate with EEG-related measures previously found to be predictors for SCP NF on ADHD symptoms.ConclusionsSCP NF may reflect a more general approach to improve cognitive, emotional and behavioral self-regulation skills. If confirmed in a larger sample, the SDQ-DP score could be used as an indication criterion and contribute to the individualization of NF in ADHD. Overall, the differential effect provides further evidence for the specificity of NF effects.

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