scholarly journals Evidence for Progressive Cognitive Deficits in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Liu ◽  
Bangshan Liu ◽  
Mi Wang ◽  
Yumeng Ju ◽  
Qiangli Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Illness Duration ◽  
Cognitive Components ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Mri Study

Background: Cognitive deficits have shown progressive feature in major depressive disorder (MDD). However, it remains unknown which component of cognitive function is progressively impaired across episodes of MDD. Here we aim to identify the progressively impaired cognitive components in patients with MDD.Methods: A comprehensive neurocognitive test battery was used to assess the cognitive components (executive function, attention, processing speed, memory, working memory, inhibition, shifting, and verbal fluency) in 35 patients with first-episode MDD (FED), 60 patients with recurrent MDD (RD) and 111 matched healthy controls (HCs). After 6 months of treatment with antidepressant, 20 FED and 36 RD patients achieved clinical remission and completed their second-time neurocognitive tests. Statistical analyses were conducted to identify the impaired cognitive components in the FED and RD groups before and after treatment, and to assess the relationship between the cognitive components and the number of episodes and total illness duration in the MDD patient group.Results: At baseline, both the FED and RD groups showed impairments in all of the cognitive components; the FED and RD groups showed no significant difference in all of the components except for shifting. After remission, only shifting in the RD group showed no significant improvement and remained in an impaired status. Furthermore, shifting was the only component negatively correlated with the number of episodes as well as the total illness duration.Conclusions: Shifting may serve as the progressive cognitive deficit across episodes of MDD.Clinical Trials Registration: Registry name: HPA function and MRI study of trauma-related depression; Registration number: ChiCTR1800014591; URL: http://www.chictr.org.cn/edit.aspx?pid=24669&htm=4.

Plasma glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor in patients with major depressive disorder: a preliminary study

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bun-Hee Lee ◽  
Jin-Pyo Hong ◽  
Jung-A Hwang ◽  
Kyoung-Sae Na ◽  
Won-Joong Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Glial Cell ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Recurrent Episode ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Before And After

BackgroundSome clinical studies have reported reduced peripheral glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) level in elderly patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). We verified whether a reduction in plasma GDNF level was associated with MDD.MethodPlasma GDNF level was measured in 23 healthy control subjects and 23 MDD patients before and after 6 weeks of treatment.ResultsPlasma GDNF level in MDD patients at baseline did not differ from that in healthy controls. Plasma GDNF in MDD patients did not differ significantly from baseline to the end of treatment. GDNF level was significantly lower in recurrent-episode MDD patients than in first-episode patients before and after treatment.ConclusionsOur findings revealed significantly lower plasma GDNF level in recurrent-episode MDD patients, although plasma GDNF levels in MDD patients and healthy controls did not differ significantly. The discrepancy between our study and previous studies might arise from differences in the recurrence of depression or the ages of the MDD patients.

Enhanced Serotonergic Responsivity Following Electroconvulsive Therapy in Patients with Major Depression

1992 ◽  
Vol 160 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baruch Shapira ◽  
Bernard Lerer ◽  
Seth Kindler ◽  
Pesach Lichtenberg ◽  
Cornelius Gropp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Plasma Prolactin ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Prolactin Release ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Serotonergic Function

Prolactin release in response to fenfluramine hydrochloride (60 mg orally) and placebo was evaluated in 18 medication-free patients with RDC major depressive disorder, endogenous subtype, before and after a series of bilateral treatments with ECT. Before ECT, fenfluramine induced a twofold increase in plasma prolactin levels. This response was significantly enhanced after the ECT series, while baseline prolactin levels and response to the placebo challenge were not altered. There was no significant difference in plasma fenfluramine and norfenfluramine levels during the pre- and post-ECT challenges. These findings suggest that ECT enhances central serotonergic responsivity and extend to depressed patients pre-clinical observations regarding the effect of electroconvulsive shock on serotonergic function.

A meta-analysis of cognitive deficits in first-episode Major Depressive Disorder

2012 ◽  
Vol 140 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rico S.C. Lee ◽  
Daniel F. Hermens ◽  
Melanie A. Porter ◽  
M. Antoinette Redoblado-Hodge
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Major Depressive

Efficacy of Pharmacotherapy and Cognitive Therapy, alone and in Combination in Major Depressive Disorder

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
F. Shamsaei ◽  
A. Rahimi ◽  
M.K. Zarabian
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Objective:To assess the efficacy of pharmacotherapy (citalopram) and cognitive therapy, alone or in combination for the treatment of major depressive disorder.Methods:This study was a randomised controlled clinical trial. We randomly assigned 120 adults with a major depressive disorder to 8-week treatment with either citalopram, cognitive therapy, or both. Major depressive disorder was diagnosed using DSM-IV criteria. Patients were assessed with the Beck Depression Inventory before and after treatment.Results:Statistical analysis showed that cognitive therapy, pharmacotherapy, and combined therapy were effective in the treatment of depression. There was no significant difference between medication and cognitive therapy. Treatment with the cognitive therapy intervention and citalopram combined yielded better responses than treatment with citalopram or cognitive therapy alone.

Self-devaluative dysphoric experience and the prediction of persistent first-episode major depressive disorder in adolescents

2004 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 539-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. PARK ◽  
I. M. GOODYER ◽  
J. D. TEASDALE
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Cognitive Vulnerability ◽  
Depression Score ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Cognitive Components ◽  
Overgeneral Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Severity Of Depression

Background. The quality of subjective experience of dysphoria may predict persistence of depression, independently of severity. This is tested in a clinic sample of adolescents with first episode of major depression using the Depressed States Checklist adapted for adolescents.Method. Ninety-four adolescents with DSM-IV major depressive disorder (MDD) were followed up at 12 months. Self-devaluative components of dysphoric experience, ruminative style, overgeneral autobiographical memory, and self-reported and observer-rated measures of depression severity were assessed at presentation and evaluated as predictors of persistent MDD.Results. Persistent MDD was predicted by the independent additive effects of the higher self-devaluative component of dysphoria, lower general intelligence and greater observer-rated severity of depression at presentation. Neither self-reported depression score, overgeneral memory retrieval nor ruminative style contributed.Conclusions. High levels of self-devaluative dysphoric experience increase the liability for persistence of first-episode MDD. Other affective-cognitive components also contribute. The adolescent version of the Depressed States Checklist is a useful brief measure of cognitive vulnerability for persistence in currently depressed young people.

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