scholarly journals Examining Mental Health Differences Between Transgender, Gender Nonconforming, and Cisgender Young People in British Columbia

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachal Pattison ◽  
Joseph H. Puyat ◽  
Allison Giesbrecht ◽  
Marco Zenone ◽  
Steve Mathias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
Young People ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Intersectoral Collaboration ◽  
Gender Nonconforming ◽  
Health Distress ◽  
Health Differences ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Mental Health Distress

Foundry is an integrated service network delivering services to young people across British Columbia, Canada. To better understand the needs of transgender and gender nonconforming young people accessing Foundry—this study compares rates of mental health distress between transgender and gender nonconforming young people and cisgender young people accessing services and examines the extent to which race may have amplified the association between transgender and gender nonconforming identity and mental health distress. We analyzed the difference using a two-sample t-test. We used stratified simple linear regression to test the association of race with transgender and gender nonconforming identity and mental health distress. Participants were recruited from a network of community health centers in British Columbia, Canada. The quantitative sample (n = 727) had a mean age of 21 years (SD = 2), 48% were non-white, 51% were white, and 77% were from Metro Vancouver. Compared to cisgender young people, transgender and gender nonconforming young people reported significantly higher levels of mental health distress. Transgender and gender nonconforming youth were more distressed than cisgender youth across both race strata but non-white transgender and gender nonconforming young people were not more distressed than white transgender and gender nonconforming young people. The findings from this study emphasize the need for increased education and understanding of transgender and gender nonconforming concepts and health concerns as well as on promoting intersectoral collaboration of social services organizations beyond simply health care.

scholarly journals Developing and Validating a Computable Phenotype for the Identification of Transgender and Gender Nonconforming Individuals and Subgroups

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Guo ◽  
Xing He ◽  
Tianchen Lyu ◽  
Hansi Zhang ◽  
Yonghui Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Gender Nonconforming ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Clinical Notes ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes ◽  
Health Distress ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Mental Health Distress ◽  
Male To Female

Transgender and gender nonconforming (TGNC) individuals face significant marginalization, stigma, and discrimination. Under-reporting of TGNC individuals is common since they are often unwilling to self-identify. Meanwhile, the rapid adoption of electronic health record (EHR) systems has made large-scale, longitudinal real-world clinical data available to research and provided a unique opportunity to identify TGNC individuals using their EHRs, contributing to a promising routine health surveillance approach. Built upon existing work, we developed and validated a computable phenotype (CP) algorithm for identifying TGNC individuals and their natal sex (i.e., male-to-female or female-to-male) using both structured EHR data and unstructured clinical notes. Our CP algorithm achieved a 0.955 F1-score on the training data and a perfect F1-score on the independent testing data. Consistent with the literature, we observed an increasing percentage of TGNC individuals and a disproportionate burden of adverse health outcomes, especially sexually transmitted infections and mental health distress, in this population.

A psychosocial approach to working with victims of trafficking with means of sexual exploitation

2021 ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
Cataraina Alves ◽  
Nadia Morales Gordillo
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Professional ◽  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Mental Health Professional ◽  
Sexual Exploitation ◽  
Health Distress ◽  
Generic Term ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Complex Phenomena ◽  
Mental Health Distress

In recent years research about the mental health consequences of human trafficking has increased as the revelation of cases became more common in the media and were more present in social and mental health services. Also called twenty-first-century slavery, human trafficking for sexual exploitation can be understood as a generic term for a series of complex phenomena that cover a broad spectrum of issues, such as globalization, migration, and gender inequality, combined with a series of personal experiences, which include several forms of violence and abuse (mainly interpersonal, psychological, physical, and sexual violence). In this chapter we explore the main symptoms of mental health distress in victims of human trafficking for sexual exploitation, as well as some of the cultural determinants for the expression of this distress. Further, we elaborate some of the professional competences a mental health professional should apply, as we discuss the specific idiosyncrasies of the treatment of a victim of trafficking. Finally, we suggest a multidisciplinary intervention with a strong presence of the mental health professional and some of the strategies that both research and our own practice reveal to have been effective in the treatment and recovery of victims of human trafficking for sexual exploitation.

Filling the Emotional Gap at Transition: Young People with Learning Difficulties and Friendship

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 28-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Val Williams ◽  
Pauline Heslop
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Young People ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Health Distress ◽  
Short Course ◽  
Mental Health Support ◽  
Health Support ◽  
Mental Health Distress

Young people with learning disabilities frequently experience mental health support needs, especially at the transition stages as they move into adulthood. The Count Us In inquiry (Carpenter, 2002) suggested that the prevalence rate for mental health needs in young people with learning disabilities may be as high as 40%, four times as high as for young people in general. This paper reports on an action research study in Somerset which was funded by the Foundation for People with Learning Disabilities. The study followed young people and practitioners in adopting a largely social model of mental health distress. It focused on positive emotional support, and worked with young people themselves to find new ways of tackling these issues. Young people in the study said that the support they most valued was that gained through friendships. A small, self‐selecting group of students worked with the project, and they designed and piloted a short course about emotional support for other young people. The findings show that this was effective in helping the young people talk more freely about their feelings, and build their confidence and mutual trust. This article argues that, by developing their own self‐determination, young people with learning disabilities can build their resilience to emotional problems and take more control over their own lives.

Distinct Coping Profiles Are Associated With Mental Health Differences in Transgender and Gender Nonconforming Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Freese ◽  
Miles Q. Ott ◽  
Brian A. Rood ◽  
Sari L. Reisner ◽  
David W. Pantalone
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Gender Nonconforming ◽  
Health Differences ◽  
And Gender

Prevalence of Self-Reported Depression Symptoms and Perceived Anxiety Among Community-Dwelling U.S. Adults Reporting Tinnitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 959-970
Author(s):  
Kelly M. Reavis ◽  
James A. Henry ◽  
Lynn M. Marshall ◽  
Kathleen F. Carlson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Community Based Interventions ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Health Distress ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Mental Health Distress

Purpose The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between tinnitus and self-reported mental health distress, namely, depression symptoms and perceived anxiety, in adults who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examinations Survey between 2009 and 2012. A secondary aim was to determine if a history of serving in the military modified the associations between tinnitus and mental health distress. Method This was a cross-sectional study design of a national data set that included 5,550 U.S. community-dwelling adults ages 20 years and older, 12.7% of whom were military Veterans. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the association between tinnitus and mental health distress. All measures were based on self-report. Tinnitus and perceived anxiety were each assessed using a single question. Depression symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire, a validated questionnaire. Multivariable regression models were adjusted for key demographic and health factors, including self-reported hearing ability. Results Prevalence of tinnitus was 15%. Compared to adults without tinnitus, adults with tinnitus had a 1.8-fold increase in depression symptoms and a 1.5-fold increase in perceived anxiety after adjusting for potential confounders. Military Veteran status did not modify these observed associations. Conclusions Findings revealed an association between tinnitus and both depression symptoms and perceived anxiety, independent of potential confounders, among both Veterans and non-Veterans. These results suggest, on a population level, that individuals with tinnitus have a greater burden of perceived mental health distress and may benefit from interdisciplinary health care, self-help, and community-based interventions. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12568475

Sexual and Gender Minority Mental Health among Children and Youth

2020 ◽  
pp. 228-243
Author(s):  
Jessica N. Fish ◽  
Laura Baams ◽  
Jenifer K. McGuire
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young People ◽  
Mental Health Treatment ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Youth Mental Health ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Gender Minority ◽  
The World ◽  
Sexual And Gender Minority ◽  
And Gender

Sexual and gender minority (SGM) young people are coming of age at a time of dynamic social and political changes with regard to LGBTQ rights and visibility around the world. And yet, contemporary cohorts of SGM youth continue to evidence the same degree of compromised mental health demonstrated by SGM youth of past decades. The authors review the current research on SGM youth mental health, with careful attention to the developmental and contextual characteristics that complicate, support, and thwart mental health for SGM young people. Given a large and rapidly growing body of science in this area, the authors strategically review research that reflects the prevalence of these issues in countries around the world but also concentrate on how mental health concerns among SGM children and youth are shaped by experiences with schools, families, and communities. Promising mental health treatment strategies for this population are reviewed. The chapter ends with a focus on understudied areas in the SGM youth mental health literature, which may offer promising solutions to combat SGM population health disparities and promote mental health among SGM young people during adolescence and as they age across the life course.

scholarly journals Causal Factors of Effective Psychosocial Outcomes in Online Mental Health Communities

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koustuv Saha ◽  
Amit Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Online Community ◽  
Psychosocial Outcomes ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Causal Factors ◽  
Health Distress ◽  
Health Communities ◽  
Mental Health Distress ◽  
And Control

Online mental health communities enable people to seek and provide support, and growing evidence shows the efficacy of community participation to cope with mental health distress. However, what factors of peer support lead to favorable psychosocial outcomes for individuals is less clear. Using a dataset of over 300K posts by ∼39K individuals on an online community TalkLife, we present a study to investigate the effect of several factors, such as adaptability, diversity, immediacy, and the nature of support. Unlike typical causal studies that focus on the effect of each treatment, we focus on the outcome and address the reverse causal question of identifying treatments that may have led to the outcome, drawing on case-control studies in epidemiology. Specifically, we define the outcome as an aggregate of affective, behavioral, and cognitive psychosocial change and identify Case (most improved) and Control (least improved) cohorts of individuals. Considering responses from peers as treatments, we evaluate the differences in the responses received by Case and Control, per matched clusters of similar individuals. We find that effective support includes complex language factors such as diversity, adaptability, and style, but simple indicators such as quantity and immediacy are not causally relevant. Our work bears methodological and design implications for online mental health platforms, and has the potential to guide suggestive interventions for peer supporters on these platforms.

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